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Adolf Hitler

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Adolf Hitler (20 Ogwokuna 1889 – 30 Ogwokuna 1945) yali munnabyabufuzi Omugirimaani enzaalwa y’e Austria era nga ye nnakyemalira wa Girimaani ku mulembe gw’Abanazi okuva mu 1933 okutuusa lwe yeetuga mu 1945. Yalinnya mu buyinza ng’omukulembeze w’ekibiina ky’Abanazi, n’afuuka Cansala wa Bugirimaani mu 1933 n’oluvannyuma n’atwala ekitiibwa kya Führer und Reichskanzler mu 1934. Germany okulumba Poland nga 1 Ogwomwenda1939 wansi w'obukulembeze bwe kwe kwatandika Ssematalo II . Mu lutalo lwonna olwaddirira, Hitler yali y'enyigira nnyo mu kulungamya ebikwekweto by’amagye ga Girimaani era ye yali omukulu mu kutta Abayudaaya nga obukadde mukaaga mu Holocaust awamu n’okufa kw’obukadde n’obukadde bw’abantu abalala abaafa.

Hitler yazaalibwa mu Braunau am Inn mu Austria-Hungary era n’agenda e Girimaani mu 1913. Yayooyootebwa mu kiseera we yaweereza mu magye ga Girimaani mu Ssematalo I, n'afuna omusaalaba ogw'ekyuma (Iron Cross). Mu 1919, y'egatta ku kibiina ky’abakozi ekya Germany Workers’ Party (DAP), ekyasooka ekibiina ky’Abanazi, era mu 1921, n’alondebwa okuba omukulembeze w’ekibiina ky’Abanazi. Mu 1923, yagezaako okuwamba obuyinza bwa gavumenti mu kuwamba gavumenti okwalemererwa mu Munich era n’asibwa emyaka etaano, n’amala omwaka mulamba n’okusoba. Ng’ali eyo, yalagira omuzingo ogusooka ogw’ekitabo kye eky’obulamu bwe ne manifesito y’ebyobufuzi Mein Kampf ( lit. 'My Struggle'). Oluvannyuma lw’okuyimbulwa nga bukyali mu 1924, yafuna obuwagizi bw’abantu ng’alumba Endagaano y'e Versailles awamu n’okutumbula enzikiriza ya Bugirimaani yonna, okulwanyisa Abayudaaya, n’okulwanyisa Obwanaakalyakaani ng’akozesa okwogera okw’amaanyi ne ppokoppoko w’Abanazi . Yateranga okuvumirira Obwanaakalyakaani ng'olumu ku lukwe lw'Abayudaaya olw'ensi yonna .

Oluvannyuma lw’okulonda mu Reichstag mu Gwekkuminoogumu 1932, ekibiina ky’Abanazi kye kyasinga okubeera n’ebifo mu Reichstag, naye nga si kyekisinga ababaka abangi. Oluvannyuma, eyali chancellor Franz von Papen ne bannabyabufuzi abalala abakuumaddembe baamatiza Pulezidenti Paul von Hindenburg okulonda Hitler ku bwa chancellor nga 30 Ogwoluberyeberye 1933. Nga wayiseewo akaseera katono, nga 23 Ogwokusatu, Reichstag yayisa etteeka li Enabling Act erya 1933, era ku nkomerero ne litandika okukyusa Weimar Republic n’efuuka Bugirimaani ey’Abanazi. Hindenburg bwe yafa nga 2 Ogwomunaana 1934, Hitler yamusikira n’afuuka omukulembeze w’eggwanga era oluvannyuma Girimaani n’efuuka eggwanga ly'obwannakyemalira mu bujjuvu. Mu ggwanga, Hitler yatandika okussa mu nkola enkola nnyingi ez’obusosoze mu mawanga, ezaali zisuula Abayudaaya Abagirimaani ku bbali n’okubafuula embuzi ey’ekiweebwayo . Emyaka gye omukaaga egyasooka mu buyinza gyavaamu ebyenfuna okutereera amangu okuva mu kiseera ky’okusereba kw’ebyenfuna, okusazaamu obukwakkulizo obwateekebwa ku Bugirimaani oluvannyuma lwa Ssematalo I, n’okuwamba ebitundu ebyalimu obukadde n’obukadde bw’Abagirimaani, ekyamuwa obuwagizi obw’amaanyi mu kusooka.

Ekimu ku biruubirirwa bya Hitler ebikulu kyali Lebensraum ( lit. 'Owokubeera') eri abantu b'e Girimaani mu Bulaaya ey'Ebuvanjuba. Enkola ye ey’obukambwe, ey’okugaziya okusukka ensalo za Girimaani zitwalibwa okuba ng’ensonga enkulu ezavaako Ssematalo II mu Bulaaya. Nga 1 Ogwomwenda 1939, Hitler yalabirira okulumba kwa Girimaani ku Poland, bwe kityo ne kireetera Bungereza ne Bufalansa okulangirira olutalo ku Bugirimaani . Oluvannyuma lw’okulagira okulumba Soviet Union mu Gwomukaaga 1941, yalangirira olutalo ku Amerika mu Gwekkumineebiri w’omwaka gwe gumu. Ku nkomerero ya 1941, amagye ga Girimaani n’amawanga ga Bulaaya agayitibwa European Axis gaawamba ekitundu ekisinga obunene ekya Bulaaya n'obukiika kkono bw'Afirika . Obuwanguzi buno bwaddizibwayo mpolampola oluvannyuma lwa 1941 okutuusa amagye g’omukago lwe gaawangula amagye ga Girimaani mu 1945. Nga 29 Ogwokuna 1945, Hitler yawasa munne gwe yali amaze naye ebbanga, Eva Braun, mu Führerbunker mu kibuga Berlin. Enkeera beetuga okwewala okukwatibwa amagye ga Soviet Red Army.

Munnabyafaayo era omuwandiisi w'emikululo gy'obulamu bwabantu Ian Kershaw yayogera ku Hitler nga "omusingi gw'ebyobufuzi ebibi eby'omulembe guno". Mu bukulembeze bwa Hitler n’endowooza y’obusosoze mu mawanga, gavumenti y’Abanazi ye yali evunaanyizibwa ku kittabantu ky’Abayudaaya ababalirirwamu obukadde mukaaga n’obukadde n’obukadde bw’abantu abaakosebwa, ye n’abagoberezi be baali batwala nti Untermenschen ( lit. ' si bantu' ) oba abatasaana kubeera mu bantu. Hitler n’Abanazi nabo bavunaanyizibwa ku kutta abantu ababalirirwamu obukadde 19.3 nga mulimu abaabulijjo n’abasibe b’olutalo. Okugatta ku ekyo, obukadde 28.7 obw'abajaasi n'abantu baabulijjo baafa olw'ebikolwa by'amagye mu katemba w'Abazungu. Omuwendo gw’abantu baabulijjo abattibwa mu Ssematalo II gwali tegubangawo mu lutalo, era abantu abaafiira mu lutalo luno lulufuula olutalo olusinga okutta abantu mu byafaayo.

Ensibuko y’obuzaale

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Taata wa Hitler, Alois Hitler, yali mwana wa Maria Schiclgruber atali mu mateeka. Olukalala lw'okubatiza terwalaga linnya lya kitaawe, era Alois mu kusooka yalina amannya ga nnyina, "Schicklgruber". Mu 1842, Johann Georg Hiedler yawasa maama wa Alois. Alois yakuzibwa mu maka ga muganda wa Hiedler, Johann Nepomuk Hiedler. Alois yakola ng’omukozi wa gavumenti okuva mu 1855 okutuusa lwe yawummula mu 1895. Mu 1876, Alois yawandiisibwa mu mateeka era ebiwandiiko bye eby'okubatiza ne biwandiikibwako obugambo bwa kabona okuwandiisa Johann Georg Hiedler nga kitaawe wa Alois (yawandiikibwa nga "Georg Hitler"). Alois olwo n'atwala erinnya ly'ekika "Hitler", era liwandiikibwa "Hiedler", "Hüttler", oba "Huettler" . Oboolyawo erinnya lino lyesigamiziddwa ku kigambo ky’Olugirimaani Hütte ( lit. 'akasiisira' ), era kirina amakulu "oyo abeera mu nsiisira".

Omukungu w’Abanazi Hans Frank yawa amagezi nti maama wa Alois yali akozesebwa ng’omukozi w’awaka mu maka g’Abayudaaya mu Graz, era nti mutabani w’amaka ago ow’emyaka 19, Leopold Frankenberger ye yazaala Alois, ekintu ekyamanyibwa nga Frankenberger thesis. Tewali muntu yenna ayitibwa Frankenberger yawandiisibwa mu Graz mu kiseera ekyo, era tewali biwandiiko ku kubeerawo kwa Leopold Frankenberger, kale bannabyafaayo bagoba okugamba nti kitaawe wa Alois yali Muyudaaya. Mu 2025, omusaayi ogwava mu sofa mu kunoonyereza ku Hitler gwakozesebwa Turi King owa Yunivasite y’e Bath okwekenneenya DNA. Omusaayi guno gwakakasibwa nti gwa Hitler nga gugeraageranyizibwa n’ogw’owoluganda lwe omusajja, era okwekenneenya DNA kwalaga nti Hitler teyalina buzaale bwa Bayudaaya ng’ayita mu kitaawe. "Singa bwe kyali, tetwandifunye kukwatagana kwa DNA naye," King bwe yagamba "Okukwatagana okwo okwa DNA tekwakoma ku kukakasa nti eno ye DNA ya Hitler wabula era kukakasa nti emboozi y'obuzaale bw'Abayudaaya bw'abantu okuyita mu kitaawe si kituufu."

Obuto bwe n’okusoma

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Hitler ( c. 1889–90)

Adolf Hitler yazaalibwa nga 20 Ogwokuna 1889 mu Braunau am Inn, ekibuga mu Austria-Hungary (kati Austria), okumpi n’ensalo ne Girimaani. Yali wakuna ku baana mukaaga abazaalibwa Alois Hitler ne mukyala we owookusatu, Klara Pölzl. Baganda ba Hitler basatu —Gustav, Ida, ne Otto —baafa nga bakyali bawere. Era abaali mu maka ago mwalimu abaana ba Alois okuva mu bufumbo bwe obw’okubiri: Alois Jr. (yazaalibwa 1882) ne Angela (yazaalibwa 1883). Mu 1892, ab’omu maka ago baasengukira mu Passau, Bugirimaani, oluvannyuma lwa Alois okukuzibwa n’afuuka omukungu w'ebyamaguzi mu Passau. Hitler mu kiseera ekyo yali wa myaka esatu. Alois yakuzibwa n’atwalibwa e Linz, Austria, nga 1 Ogwokuna 1893, naye ab’omu maka amalala ne basigala mu Passau. Famire yaddayo e Austria ne basenga e Leonding nga 9Ogwokutaano 1894, era mu Gwomukaaga 1895, Alois yawummula n’agenda e Hafeld, okumpi ne Lambach, gye yalima n’okulunda enjuki. Hitler yasomera mu Volksschule (essomero lya pulayimale eriweebwa ssente okuva mu gavumenti) mu kibuga Fischlham ekiriraanyewo.

Okugenda e Hafeld kwakwatagana n’okutandika kw’obukuubagano obw’amaanyi obwa taata n’omwana obwava ku Hitler ow’emyaka omukaaga okugaana okugoberera empisa enkakali ez’essomero lye. Alois yagezaako okukuba mutabani we amufuule omuwulize, nga Adolf akola kyonna ekisoboka okubeera ekikontana n’ekyo kyonna kitaawe kye yali ayagala. Alois naye yandikubye mutabani we naye nnyina yaumukuuma obutakubwa buli kiseera.

Kaweefube wa Alois Hitler ow’okulima e Hafeld teyayitamu, era mu 1897, baasengukira e Lambach. Hitler ow’emyaka omunaana yasoma emisomo gy’okuyimba, yayimba mu kkwaaya y’ekkanisa, era yatuuka n’okulowooza ku ky’okufuuka kabona. Mu 1898, famire yaddayo mu maka ag'enkalakkalira e Leonding. Hitler yakosebwa nnyo olw'okufa kwa muto we Edmund mu 1900 olw'omusujja gw'amulangira. Hitler yakyuka okuva mu muyizi ateemotyamotya, ayagala ennyo abantu n’afuuka omulenzi omuzibu, eyeekutudde ku balala era ng’atera okuyombagana ne kitaawe n’abasomesa. Paula Hitler yajjukira nti Adolf yali muvubuka wafujjo era ng’atera okumukuba empi.

Alois yali akoze omulimu omulungi mu kitongole ky'ebyamaguzi era ng’ayagala mutabani we amuddire mu ebigere. Oluvannyuma Hitler yakola katemba okuva mu kiseera kino kitaawe bwe yamutwala okukyalira ofiisi y'ebyamaguzi, n’akiraga ng’ekintu ekyavaako obutakkaanya obutasonyiwa wakati wa taata n’omwana, nga bombi baali ba maanyi. Olw’okusimbira ekkuuli mutabani we okwagala okugenda mu siniya okufuuka omuyiiya, Alois yasindika Hitler mu Realschule e Linz mu Gwomwenda 1900. Hitler yajeemera okusalawo kuno, era mu Mein Kampf agamba nti mu bugenderevu yakola bubi mu ssomero, ng'asuubira nti kitaawe bwamala okulaba "ensoma embi mu ssomero ly'ebyemikono yandindese okwewaayo mu kirooto kyange".

Okufaananako n’Abagirimaani bangi ab’omu Austria, Hitler yatandika okukulaakulanya endowooza y'okwagala Girimaani okuva mu buto. Yalaga obwesigwa eri Bugirimaani yokka, ng’anyooma obwakabaka bwa Habsburg obwali busereba mu kukulembera obwakabaka obunene. Hitler ne mikwano gye baakozesa okulamusa "Heil", ne bayimba " Deutschlandlied " mu kifo ky'oluyimba lwa Austrian Imperial. Oluvannyuma lw’okufa kwa Alois okw’amangu nga 3 Ogwoluberyeberye 1903, omutindo gwa Hitler ku ssomero gwayonooneka, era nnyina n’amukkiriza okuvaayo. Yeewandiisa mu Realschule e Steyr mu Gwomwenda 1904, enneeyisa ye n’omutindo gwe ne bitereera. Mu 1905, oluvannyuma lw’okuyita ekigezo ekisembayo, Hitler yava mu ssomero lino nga talina kiruubirirwa kyonna kya kwongera kusoma wadde enteekateeka entegeerekeka ey’okukola omulimu.

Okutandika okuvubuka ng'ali mu Vienna ne Munich

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Mu 1907, Hitler yava mu Linz n’agenda okubeera n’okusoma okusiiga ebifaananyi mu kibuga Vienna, ng’avujjirirwa ssente okuva mu miganyulo gya mulekwa n’obuwagizi okuva eri nnyina. Yasaba okuyingizibwa mu Academy of Fine Arts Vienna kyokka n’agaanibwa emirundi ebiri. Dayirekita yawa amagezi nti Hitler yandibadde asaba okugenda mu School of Architecture, naye nga talina biwandiiko byetaagisa mu by’ensoma kubanga yali tannamaliriza siniya.

Nga 21 Ogwekkumineebiri 1907, nnyina yafa kookolo w’amabeere ku myaka 47; Mu kiseera ekyo Hitler yalina emyaka 18. Mu 1909, Hitler ssente zaggwawo era n’awalirizibwa okubeera mu bulamu obw’ekika kya bohemian mu bifo eby’okusulamu abantu abatalina mwasirizi ne mu kisulo kya Meldemannstraße. Yafuna ssente ng’omukozi ow’abulijjo ng’asiiga n’okutunda langi z’amazzi ez’ebifo ebisikiriza mu Vienna. Mu kiseera kye yamala mu Vienna, yagoberera okwagala kwo kweyongera okuzimba n’okuyimba, n’agenda mu bivvulu kkumi ebya Lohengrin (opera)|Lohengrin, ekisinga okumunyumira mu nnyimba za Richard Wagner eza opera.

Mu kibuga Vienna, Hitler yasooka kulaba bigambo ebisosola mu mawanga. Abakulembeze b’abantu nga meeya Karl Lueger baakozesa endowooza y’ekibuga eyali emanyiddwa ennyo ey’okulwanyisa Abayudaaya, oluusi n’oluusi ne bawagira endowooza y'okusukulumya Girimaani okusobola okuganyulwa mu by’obufuzi. Obusosoze bw’eggwanga lya Girimaani bwali bungi nnyo naddala mu disitulikiti y’e Mariahilf, Hitler gye yali abeera mu kiseera ekyo. Georg Ritter von Schönerer yafuuka omukulembeze omukulu ku Hitler, era n’afuna okwegomba Martin Luther.

Hitler yasoma empapula z’amawulire n’obupapula obwali butumbula obusosoze era n’alabula ku kuyingira kw’Abayudaaya b’omu Bulaaya ow’Ebuvanjuba, awamu n’ebiwandiiko by’abantu nga Houston Stewart Chamberlain, Charles Darwin, Friedrich Nietzsche, Gustave Le Bon, ne Arthur Schopenhauer. Mu myaka gye yamala mu Vienna era yafuna endowooza ez’amaanyi ezilwanyisa Abaslav.

Ensibuko n’enkulaakulana y’obukyayi bwa Hitler obw’okulwanyisa Abayudaaya ekyali nsonga ya kukubaganyako birowoozo. Mukwano gwe August Kubizek yagamba nti Hitler yali "akakasiddwa n'omuntu alina obukyayi" nga tannava mu Linz. Wabula munnabyafaayo Brigitte Hamann ayogera ku ndowooza ya Kubizek ng'erina "obuzibu". Wadde nga Hitler mu Mein Kampf agamba nti yasooka kufuuka musosoze mu Vienna, Reinhold Hanisch, eyamuyamba okutunda ebifaananyi bye, takkiriziganya nakyo. Hitler era yatunda ebimu ku by’emikono bye ng’ayita mu musuubuzi Omuyudaaya ayitibwa Samuel Morgenstern ng’abeera mu kibuga Vienna. Bangi ku bakasitoma ba Morgenstern baali Bayudaaya; okugeza, munnamateeka ayitibwa Josef Feingold yagula ebifaananyi bya Hitler ebiwerako ebikwata ku bizimbe eby’ebyafaayo ebya Vienna. Munnabyafaayo Richard J. Evans agamba nti "bannabyafaayo kati okutwalira awamu bakkiriziganya nti obukambwe bwe,enkola ey'ettemu n'obusosoze eri Abayudaaya bweyoleka bulungi oluvannyuma lwa Girimaani okuwangulwa mu Ssematalo I, ng'enjogera ya "okufumita mu mugongo" ("stab-in-the-back") ennyonyola akatyabaga kano".

Hitler yafuna ekitundu ekisembayo ku bintu bya kitaawe mu Gwokutaano 1913 era n’agenda mu Munich . Bwe yayingizibwa mu ggye lya Austria-Hungary, yagenda e Salzburg nga 5 Ogwokubiri 1914 okwekebejjebwa abasawo. Oluvannyuma lw’okwekeneenyezebwa ng’atasaanira kuweereza, yaddayo e Munich. Oluvannyuma Hitler yagamba nti yali tayagala kuweereza Bwakabaka bwa Habsburg olw’amawanga agaali gatabuddwatabuddwa mu ggye lyabwo n’okukkiriza kwe nti Austria-Hungary essaawa yonna yali egenda kugwa.

Mu Gwomunaana 1914, Ssematalo I bwe yatandika, Hitler yali abeera mu Munich era kyeyagalire yeewandiisa mu ggye lya Bavaria. Okusinziira ku alipoota eyafulumizibwa ab’obuyinza mu Bavaria mu 1924, okukkiriza Hitler okuweereza nti yali nsobi mu by’obufuzi, kubanga ng’omutuuze wa Austria, yandibadde addizibwa mu Austria. Yasindikibwa mu Bavarian Reserve Infantry Regiment 16 (ekibinja ekisooka ekya List Regiment), yaweereza ng’omuserikale atuukibwako ku Western Front mu Bufalansa ne Bubirigi, yaweereza ng’omuserikale atuukibwako ku Western Front mu Bufalansa ne Bubirigi, yamala kumpi ekitundu ky'obulamu bwe ku kitebe ky’ekibinja e Fournes-en-Weppes, nga tali mu lutalo. Mu 1914, yaliwo mu lutalo olwasooka olwa Ypres era mu mwaka ogwo yayooyootebwa olw’obuzira, n’afuna Omusaalaba ogw’Ekyuma (Iron Cross). Mu lutalo, yawonyezebwa omuduumizi we, Fritz Wiedemann, eyaggya Hitler mu bifunfugu by’ekizimbe ekyali kigudde ng’ali mu lutalo olutabuse.

Mu kiseera we yaweereza ku kitebe, Hitler yakola emirimu gye egy’ekikugu, ng’akuba katuuni n’okuwa ebiragiro ku lupapula lw’amawulire olw’amagye. Mu lutalo lw’e Somme mu Gwekkumi 1916, yafuna ebisago mu kisambi ekya kkono ekikompola bwe kyabwatuka mu kifo ky'enkambi mwe baali bekwese. Hitler yamala kumpi emyezi ebiri ng’awona mu ddwaaliro e Beelitz, n’adda mu kibinja kye nga 5 Ogwokusatu 1917. Yaliwo mu lutalo lw'e Arras olwa 1917 ne mu lutalo lw'e Passchendaele. Yafuna akabonero ka Wound Badge akaddugavu nga 18 Ogwokutaano 1918. Nga wayise emyezi esatu, mu Gwomunaana 1918, ng'asembebwa Lieutenant Hugo Gutmann, omukulumbeze we Omuyudaaya, Hitler yafuna omusaalaba ogw’ekyuma, ogwa First Class, ekintu ekitatera kuweebwa bantu bali ku ddaala lya Gefreiter Hitler ly'eyaliko. Nga 15 Ogwekkumi 1918, yaziba amaaso okumala akaseera mu bulumbaganyi bwa ggaasi w'obutwa era n’aweebwa ekitanda mu ddwaaliro e Pasewalk. Bwe yali eyo, Hitler yategezebwa nti Bugirimaani ewanguddwa, era okusinziira nti yali ku ndiri, yaddamu okuziba amaaso omulundi ogw’okubiri oluvannyuma lw’amawulire gano.

Hitler yayogera ku buvunaanyizibwa bwe mu Ssematalo I nga "ekisinga obukulu mu byonna bye yayitamu" era n'atenderezebwa abaduumizi be olw'obuzira bwe. Obumanyirivu bwe mu kiseera ky’olutalo bwanyweza okwagala eggwanga lye, era kyamunakuwaza nnyo olwa Bugirimaani okuwanika mu Gwekkuminoogumu 1918. Okunyiiga kwe olw’okuwnagula mu lutalo kwayogera okuzimba endowooza ye. Okufaananako n’aba Girimaani abalala abaagala eggwanga lyabwe, naye yali akkiririza mu Dolchstoßlegende ( stab-in-the-back myth ), eyagamba nti amagye ga Girimaani, "agatawangulwa mu lutalo", "gaali gafumitiddwa mu mugongo" ku ludda lw'awaka abakulembeze ba bulijjo, Abayudaaya, aba Marxist, n'abo abassa omukono ku ndagaano y'okukomya entalo eyakomya olutalo —oluvannyuma ne batuumibwa "abamenyi b'amateeka ba November".

Endagaano ya Versailles yalambika nti Girimaani yalina okulekawo ebitundu byayo ebiwerako n'okuggya amagye mu Rhineland . Endagaano eno yassaawo envumbo ku by’enfuna era n’esolooza ssente nnyingi ku ggwanga. Abagirimaani bangi baalaba endagaano eyo ng’okuswazibwa okutali kwa bwenkanya. Okusingira ddala baawakanya enyingo 231, gye baataputa ng’elangirira nti Bugirimaani y’evunaanyizibwa ku lutalo luno. Endagaano ya Versailles n’embeera y’ebyenfuna, embeera z’abantu, n’ebyobufuzi mu Bugirimaani oluvannyuma lw’olutalo, oluvannyuma Hitler yabikozesa okufunamu mu by’obufuzi.

Okuyingira mu byobufuzi

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Kaadi ya Hitler ey’obwammemba bw’ekibiina ky’abakozi ekya Germany (DAP).

Oluvannyuma lw’olutalo, Hitler yaddayo e Munich. Olw’obutaba na buyigirize butongole wadde essuubi ly’emirimu, yasigala mu magye. Mu Gwomusanvu 1919, yalondebwa okuba Verbindungsmann (omukessi) ow’omu Aufklärungskommando (ekitongole ekiketta) ekya Reichswehr, eyaweebwa omulimu gw’okufuga abajaasi abalala n’okuyingirira mu kibiina ky’abakozi ekya Germany (DAP). Mu lukiiko lwa DAP nga 12 Ogwomwenda 1919, ssentebe w’Ekibiina Anton Drexler yakwatibwako nnyo olw’obukugu bwa Hitler mu kwogera. Yamuwa kkopi y’akatabo ke aka My Political Awakening, akaalimu endowooza ezilwanyisa Abayudaaya, ez’okwagala eggwanga, ezirwanyisa obwanaasiwamukange, n’ez’okulwanyisa Marxist. Ku biragiro by’abakulu be mu magye, Hitler yasaba okwegatta ku kibiina, era mu wiiki emu n’akkirizibwa nga mmemba w’ekibiina 555 (ekibiina kyatandika okubala obwammemba ku 500 okuwa endowooza nti baali kibiina kinene nnyo).

Hitler yawandiika ekiwandiiko kye ekyasooka okumanyibwa ku kibuuzo ky’Abayudaaya mu bbaluwa gye yawandiikira Adolf Gemlich nga 16, Ogwomwenda 1919 (kati emanyiddwa nga ebbaluwa ya Gemlich). Mu bbaluwa eno, Hitler agamba nti ekigendererwa kya gavumenti " awatali kubuusabuusa kwe kuggyirawo ddala Abayudaaya". Mu DAP, Hitler yasisinkana Dietrich Eckart, omu ku baatandikawo ekibiina kino era nga mmemba w’ekibiina ky’abasamize ekya Thule Society. Eckart yafuuka omubuulirizi wa Hitler, n’awaanyisiganyanga naye ebirowoozo era n’amuyingiza mu bantu ab’enjawulo mu Munich. Okwongera okusikiriza, ekibiina kya DAP kyakyusa erinnya lyayo ne kifuuka Nationalsozialistische Deutsche Arbeiterpartei (Ekibiina ky'abakozi ekya National Socialist German Workers' Party (NSDAP), kati ekimanyiddwa nga " Nazi Party "). Hitler yakola dizayini ya bendera y’ekibiina eya swastika mu nkulungo enjeru ku mugongo omumyufu.

Hitler yasiibulwa mu magye nga 31 Ogwokusatu 1920, era n’atandika okukolera ekibiina kino emirimu emijjuvu. Ekitebe ky’ekibiina kino kyali mu Munich, ekifo eky’aba Girimaani abaali balwanyisa gavumenti abaali bamaliridde okumalawo enzikiriza ya Marx n’okutyoboola Weimar Republic.

Friedrich Reck-Malleczewen yayogera mu kitabo kye ekya Diary of a Man in Despair ekyafulumizibwa mu 1947:  Yali azze mu nnyumba gye yali taberangamu, ng'ayambadde gaita, ekikooti, enkoofiira ennene, era ng'akutte omuggo.... Oluvannyuma, yasobola okutandika okwogera. Yayogera nnyo, nga tawummula. Yayigiriza. Yatuboggolera ng'omusomesa w'eddiini mu magye. Tetwamuwakanya n'akatono, oba okugezaako okwawukana mu ngeri yonna, naye yatandika okutuboggolera. Abaweereza baalowooza nti baali batulumba era ne badduka okututaasa. Bwe yali amaze okugenda, twatuula kasirise, nga tukyamuse era nga tetuli basanyufu n'akamu. Waaliwo okuwulira ennaku, nga bwobeera mu ggaali y'omukka ne wesangang'oli wamu n'omuntu aliko ekikyamu ku bwongo. Mu Gwokubiri 1921, nga asoolobye kukyusakyusa abantu, Hitler yayogera n’abantu abasukka mu 6,000. Okusobola okulanga olukiiko luno, loole bbiri ezaali zijjudde abawagizi b’ekibiina baavuga okwetoloola Munich nga bawanika bendera za swastika n’okugabira abantu obupapula. Mu bbanga ttono Hitler yafuna ettutumu olw’okwogera kwe okw’okukubaganya ebirowoozo okw’amaanyi ng’awakanya Endagaano ya Versailles, bannabyabufuzi abaali bavuganya, n’okusingira ddala ng’awakanya Abamarx n’Abayudaaya.

Mu Gwomukaaga 1921, Hitler ne Eckart bwe baali ku lugendo lw’okusonda ssente e Berlin, obuyeekera bwabalukawo mu kibiina ky’Abanazi mu Munich. Abakiise ku kakiiko kaayo akafuzi baayagala okwegatta ku kibiina kya German Socialist Party (DSP) ekisangibwa mu kibuga Nuremberg. Hitler yaddayo e Munich nga 11 Ogwomusanvu era mu busungu n’awaayo okulekulira kwe. Abakiise ku kakiiko baakitegeera nti okulekulira kw’omuntu waabwe omukulu mu lujjudde era omwogezi kyanditegeeza nti ekibiina kiweddewo. Hitler yalangirira nti agenda kuddamu okwegatta ku kakwakkulizo nti agenda kudda mu bigere bya Drexler ku bwa ssentebe bw’ekibiina, era nti ekitebe ky’ekibiina kigenda kusigala mu Munich. Akakiiko kakkiriza, era n’addamu okwegatta ku kibiina nga 26 Ogwomusanvu nga mmemba 3,680. Hitler yasigala ayolekagana n’okuwakanyizibwa okumu mu kibiina ky’Abanazi. Abaawakanya Hitler mu bukulembeze mwalimu Hermann Esser eyagobebwa mu kibiina, era ne bakuba kkopi 3,000 ez’akatabo akaalumba Hitler ng’omuli w'olukwe mu kibiina. Mu nnaku ezaddirira, Hitler yayogera n’abantu abangi abawerako era ne yeewozaako ku Esser, ne bakuba emizira egy’amaanyi. Enkola ye yatuuka ku buwanguzi, era mu ttabamiruka ow’enjawulo ow’ekibiina nga 29 Ogwomusanvu, yaweebwa obuyinza obujjuvu nga ssentebe w’ekibiina, n’adda mu bigere bya Drexler, n’obululu 533 ku 1.

Okwogera kwa Hitler okwa vitriolic beer hall kwatandika okusikiriza abalabi aba bulijjo. Nantawunyikamu, yafuuka omukugu mu kukozesa emiramwa egy’enjawulo, omuli n’okunenya abalala olw’ebizibu by’ebyenfuna by’abawuliriza be. Hitler yakozesa enkola y'okusikiriza ey’obuntu bwe n’okutegeera empisa z'abantu bwe yayogeranga mu lujjudde. Bannabyafaayo baalaba engeri ebigambo bye gye bikwatamu abantu abangi mu ngeri ey’okuwuniikiriza, n’amaaso ge mu bibinja ebitonotono. Alfons Heck, eyali mmemba w’ekibiina kya Hitler Youth, yajjukira nti: Twatandika okwenyumiriza mu ggwanga lyaffe mu ngeri ey'ekisiru. Okumala eddakiika eziwera, twaleekaanira waggulu, nga n'amaziga gatuyitamu: Sieg Heil, Sieg Heil, Sieg Heil! Okuva mu kaseera ako, nafuuka wa Adolf Hitler mu mubiri ne mu mwoyo.  Abagoberezi abaasooka kwaliko Rudolf Hess, eyali omukungu w'amagye g'omu bbanga Hermann Göring ne kapiteeni mu magye Ernst Röhm. Röhm yafuuka akulira ekibiina ky’Abanazi ekya magye agatali matongole ekya Sturmabteilung, ekyakuuma enkiiko n'okulumba abaali babavuganya mu byobufuzi. Ekintu ekikulu ekyakwata ku ndowooza ya Hitler mu kiseera kino yali Aufbau Vereinigung, ekibinja ky’olukwe eky’Abazungu Abarussia abaali mu buwanganguse n’Abanazi abaasooka. Ekibinja kino, nga kiweebwa ssente okuva mu bannamakolero abagagga, kyaleeta Hitler ekirowoozo ky’olukwe lw’Abayudaaya, nga lukwataganya ensimbi z’ensi yonna n’enzikiriza ya Bolshevism.

Enteekateeka y’ekibiina ky’Abanazi yategekebwa mu nsonga 25 nga 24 Ogwokubiri 1920. Kino tekyakiikirira ndowooza ekwatagana, wabula kyali kibiina kya ndowooza ezafunibwa ezaali zirina ssente mu völkisch pan-Germanic movement, nga ultranationalism, okuwakanya Endagaano ya Versailles, obuteesiga bwanaasiwamukange, awamu n'endowooza ezimu ez'anaakalyako ani. Eri Hitler, ekintu ekyali kisinga obukulu kwe kulwanyisa Abayudaaya ekyalimu . Era enteekateeka eno yagitwala ng’okusinga omusingi gwa ppokoppoko n’okusikiriza abantu okujja ku kabaga.

Beer Hall Putsch n’ekkomera lya Landsberg

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Ekikooti ky’enfuufu ekya Mein Kampf ’s 1926–28 edition, Hitler gye yawandiika mu 1925

Mu 1923, Hitler yeyambisa obuyambi bwa Genero Erich Ludendorff owa Ssematalo I okugezaako okuwamba gavumenti eyamanyibwa nga Beer Hall Putsch. Ekibiina ky’Abanazi kyakozesa obusosoze bwa Yitale ng’ekyokulabirako ku ndabika yaabwe n’enkola zaabwe. Hitler yali ayagala okukoppa Benito Mussolini ’s bwe yalumba Rome mu 1922 ng’awamba gavumenti mu Bavaria, ekyagoberera okusoomoozebwa eri gavumenti mu Berlin. Hitler ne Ludendorff baasaba obuwagizi bwa Staatskommissar (Kaminsona omubeezi) Gustav Ritter von Kahr, omufuzi wa Bavaria. Kyokka Kahr, ng’ali wamu n’akulira Poliisi Hans Ritter von Seisser ne Genero wa Reichswehr Otto von Lossow, baali baagala okuteekawo nnakyemalira ow’eggwanga awatali Hitler.

Nga 8,Ogwekkuminoogumu 1923, Hitler ne SA baalumba olukuŋŋaana lw'abantu 3,000 olwategekebwa Kahr mu Bürgerbräukeller, ekizimbe ky'omwenge mu Munich. Ng'ataataataaganya okwogera kwa Kahr, yalangirira nti enkyukakyuka y'eggwanga yatandika dda era n'alangirira okuteekebwawo kwa gavumenti empya ne Ludendorff. Ng'addayo mu kisenge eky'emabega, Hitler, ng'aggyeyo emmundu, yasaba era oluvannyuma n'afuna obuwagizi bwa Kahr, Seisser, ne Lossow. Amagye ga Hitler mu kusooka gaasobola okuwamba ekitebe kya Reichswehr n'ekya poliisi, naye Kahr n'abamu ku banne mu bwangu baalekera awo okumuwagira. Tewali magye wadde poliisi y'eggwanga y'egatta ku Hitler. Olunaku olwaddirira, Hitler n'abagoberezi be baatambula okuva mu kizimbe ky'omwenge ne bagenda ku minisitule y'olutalo mu Bavaria okuggyako gavumenti ya Bavaria, naye poliisi nebasaasanya. Mu kaweefube w'okuggyako gavumenti eyalema, ab'ekibiina kya Nazi 16 n'abakungu ba poliisi bana battibwa.

Hitler yaddukira mu maka ga Ernst Hanfstaengl era okusinziira ku biwandiiko ebimu yalowooza ku kwetta. Yali mu kwewunika naye nga mukkakkamu bwe yakwatibwa nga 11 Ogwekkuminoogumu 1923 olw'okulya mu nsi ye olukwe. Omusango gwe mu kkooti y’abantu ey’enjawulo mu Munich gwatandika mu Gwakubiri 1924, era Alfred Rosenberg n’afuuka omukulembeze ow’ekiseera ow’ekibiina ky’Abanazi. Nga 1 Ogwokuna, Hitler yasalirwa ekibonerezo kya kusibwa emyaka etaano mu Festungshaft mu kkomera lya Landsberg. Eyo, yayisibwa mu ngeri ey’omukwano okuva mu bakuumi era n’akkirizibwa okufuna obubaka okuva mu bawagizi be n’okukyalirwa banne mu kibiina buli kiseera. Olw’okusonyiyibwa kkooti ey’oku ntikko mu Bavaria, yayimbulwa okuva mu kkomera nga 20 Ogwekkumineebiri 1924, ng’awakanya omuwaabi wa gavumenti. Nga mw’otwalidde n’obudde bwe yamala mu alimanda, Hitler yamala omwaka mulamba n’okusoba mu kkomera.

Bwe yali e Landsberg, Hitler ye yalagira ekitundu ekisinga obunene eky’omuzingo ogusooka ogwa Mein Kampf ( lit. 'My struggle'; mu kusooka katuumibwa Four and a Half Years of Struggle against Lies, Stupidity, and Corwadice) mu kusooka eri ddereeva we, Emil Maurice, n’oluvannyuma n’aweebwa omumyuka we, Rudolf Hess. Ekitabo kino ekyaweebwayo eri mmemba wa Thule Society, Dietrich Eckart, kyali kya bulamu bwe era nga kinnyonnyola endowooza ze. Ekitabo ekyo kyalaga enteekateeka za Hitler ez’okugaziya ebitundu by’ensi awamu n’okukyusa embeera z’abantu mu Girimaani okufuuka obwannakyemalira obwesigama ku mawanga. Mu kitabo kyonna, Abayudaaya benkanankana ne "obuwuka" era ne banjulwa nga "abawi b'obutwa ab'ensi yonna". Okusinziira ku ndowooza ya Hitler, eky’okugonjoola ensonga eno kwe kuzisaanyaawo. Wadde nga Hitler teyannyonnyola ngeri kino gye kyali kigenda okutuukirira, "obuzaale bwe obw'okutta abantu tebugaanirwa", okusinziira ku Ian Kershaw.

Yafulumizibwa mu mizingo ebiri mu 1925 ne 1926, Mein Kampf yatundibwa kkopi 228,000 wakati wa 1925 ne 1932. Kkopi akakadde kamu zaatundibwa mu 1933, omwaka Hitler gwe yasooka okubeera mu ofiisi. Ng’ebula mbale Hitler abeere n’ebisaanyizo by’okuyimbulwa ku kakalu ka kkooti, gavumenti ya Bavaria yagezaako okumugobera mu Austria. Chancellor wa Austria eya federo yagaana okusaba kuno ng’agamba nti obuweereza bwe mu magye ga Girimaani bwamufuula omutuuze era obw’e Austria obutaba na makulu. Mu kwanukula, Hitler yasazaamu mu butongole obutuuze bwe obwa Austria nga 7 Ogwokuna 1925

Okuddamu okuzimba Ekibiina ky’Abanazi

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Mu kiseera Hitler we yayimbulwa mu kkomera, ebyobufuzi mu Bugirimaani byali si byakulwanagana nnyo, era n’ebyenfuna byali biteredde, ekyakomya emikisa gya Hitler egy’okubanja mu by’obufuzi. Olw’okulemererwa kwa Beer Hall Putsch, ekibiina kya Nazi Party n’ebibiina ebibirinako akakwate byawerebwa mu Bavaria. Mu lukiiko wamu ne ssaabaminisita wa Bavaria, Heinrich Held, nga 4 Ogwoluberyeberye 1925, Hitler yakkiriza okussa ekitiibwa mu buyinza bw’eggwanga era n’asuubiza nti ajja kunoonya obuyinza bw’ebyobufuzi ng’ayita mu nkola ya demokulasiya yokka. Olukiiko luno lwaggulawo ekkubo ly'okuggyawo okuwera ekibiina ky’Abanazi nga 16 Ogwokubiri.

Wabula oluvannyuma lw’okwogera okw’okukuma omuliro mu bantu kwe yawa nga 27 Ogwokubiri, Hitler yagaanibwa okwogera mu lujjudde ab’obuyinza mu Bavaria, envumbo eyasigalawo okutuusa mu 1927. Okusobola okutumbula ebigendererwa bye eby’ebyobufuzi wadde nga yali awereddwa, Hitler yalonda Gregor Strasser, Otto Strasser, ne Joseph Goebbels okutegeka n’okugaziya ekibiina ky’Abanazi mu bukiikakkono bwa Bugirimaani. Gregor Strasser yaddukanya ekkubo ly’ebyobufuzi eryetongodde ennyo, ng’assa essira ku bintu eby’anaakalyakaani mu nteekateeka y’ekibiina.

Akatale k'emigabo mu Amerika kagwa nga 24 Ogwekkumi 1929. Enkosa yaayo mu Bugirimaani yali ya maanyi nnyo: obukadde n’obukadde bw’abantu tebaalina mirimu, era bbanka ennene eziwerako ne zigwa. Hitler n’ekibiina ky’Abanazi beetegeka okweyambisa embeera ey’akazigizigi okufuna obuwagizi eri ekibiina kyabwe. Basuubiza okusazaamu endagaano ya Versailles, okunyweza ebyenfuna n’okuwa abantu emirimu.

Hitler yayogera ku linnya ly’Ekibiina ky’Abanazi mu Gwekkumi 1923:

"Naye," bwe ntyo bwe nabuuza Hitler, "lwaki weeyita National Socialist, okuva enteekateeka y'ekibiina kyo bw'eri ekikontana ddala n'eyo etwalibwa okuba eya socialism?" "Socialism," bwe yaddamu, ng'assa wansi ekikopo kye eky'accaayi, mu ngeri ey'obukambwe, "ye sayansi w'okukola ku bulungi bw'abantu bonna. Communism si Socialism. Marxism si Socialism. Aba Marxism babbye ekigambo era ne batabulatabula amakulu gaakyo. Nja kutwala Socialism okuva ku ba Socialists. Socialism nkola ya Aryan ey'edda, nkola ya ba Girimaani.... Twetaaga okutuukiriza ebyetaago eby'ensonga eby'ebibiina ebikola ebintu okuyita mu gavumenti nga yeesigamiziddwa ku bumu bw'eggwanga. Gye tuli, gavumenti n'eggwanga bifaanagana.

Okulinnya ku bukulembeze

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Ebyava mu kulonda mu kibiina ky'Abanazi
Akalulu Omugatte gw'obululu Obululu ku 100 Ebifo mu Reichstag Ebikulu
Ogwokutaano 1924 1,918,300 6.5 32 Hitler yali mu kkomera
Ogwekkumineebiri 1924 907,300 3.0 14 Hitler ng'ayimbuddwa okuva mu kkomera
Ogwokutaano 1928 810,100 2.6 12
Ogwomwenda 1930 6,409,600 18.3 107 Oluvannyuma lw'akatyabaga k'ebyenfuna
Ogwomusanvu 1932 13,745,000 37.3 230 Oluvannyuma lwa Hitler okwesimbawo ku bwa Pulezidenti
Ogwekkuminoogumu 1932 11,747,000 33.1 196
Ogwokusatu 1933 17,277,180 43.9 288 Kaali ka mirembe mu kusooka nga Hitler akyali chancellor wa Girimaani

Okukulembera Bruning

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Okugwa kw'ebyenfuna mu nsi yonna kwawa Hitler omukisa gw'ebyobufuzi. Abagirimaani baali banyiivu eri paalamenti, eyali eyalina okusoomoozebwa okuva mu bannalukalala ab'ku ddyo- n'ab'oku kkono. Ebibiina by'ebyobufuzi ebitali bya bannalukalala byali bitandise okulemererwa okukomya ebikolwa eby'obukambwe, era akalulu ka Girimaani ak'ekikungo mu 1929 kaayamba okuyitimusa endowooza y'Abanazi. Okulonda kw'Ogwomwenda 1930 kwaviirako okusattulukuka kw'omukago era ne gusikizibwa kabineeti ey'abatono. Omukulembeze waayo, ow'ekibiina kya Centre Party, Heinrich Brüning, yafuga ng'ayita mu biragiro by'akatabaga okuva ku Pulezidenti Paul von Hindenburg. Okukulembera okuyita mu biragiro kyafuuka ky'abulijjo, n'ekireetera obukulembeze bwa bannantagambwako. Ekibiina ky'Abanazi kyava gye kyali ne kiwangula n'ebitundu 18.3 ku buli kikumi ku bululu n'ebifo 107 mu paalamenti mu kulonda kwa 1930, ne kifuuka ekibiina eky'okubiri ekisinga ababaka abangi mu palamenti.

Hitler yalabikira mu musango gw’abaserikale babiri aba Reichswehr, okuli Lieutenant Richard Scheringer ne Hanns Ludin, ku nkomerero ya 1930. Bombi baavunaanibwa omusango gw’okubeera bammemba mu kibiina ky’Abanazi, mu kiseera ekyo nga kimenya mateeka eri aba Reichswehr. Oludda oluwaabi lwagamba nti ekibiina ky'Abanazi kyali kya bannalukalala, ekyaviirako munnamateeka w’abawawaabirwa Hans Frank okuyita Hitler okuwa obujulizi. Nga 25 Ogwomwenda 1930, Hitler yawa obujulizi nti ekibiina kye kyali kigenda kugoberera obuyinza bw’ebyobufuzi nga kiyita mu kulonda kwa demokulasiya kwokka, ekyamuwa abawagizi bangi mu kibinja ky’abaserikale.

Enkola ya Brüning ey’okukendeeza ku nsimbi teyaleeta nnyo nkulaakulana mu by’enfuna era nga teyayagalibwa nnyo. Kino Hitler yakikozesa ng’atunuulira obubaka bwe obw’ebyobufuzi n'addala ku bantu abaali bakoseddwa ebbeeyi y’ebintu okulinnya mu myaka gya 1920 n’okusereba kw’eby’enfuna, gamba ng’abalimi, abaazirwanako mu lutalo, n’abantu ab’alinamu ku ssente.

Wadde nga Hitler yali asazizaamu obutuuze bwe obw’e Austria mu 1925, teyafuna butuuze bwa Girimaani okumala kumpi emyaka musanvu. Kino kyali kitegeeza nti yali talina ggwanga, mu mateeka yali tasobola kwesimbawo ku bwapulezidenti, era nga akyayolekedde akabi ak’okugobwa mu nsi. Nga 25 Ogwokubiri 1932, minisita w’ensonga z’omunda mu Brunswick, Dietrich Klagges, eyali mmemba w’ekibiina ky’Abanazi, yalonda Hitler ng’omuddukanya w'ekibinja ky’essaza lino mu Reichsrat mu Berlin, ekyafuula Hitler munnansi wa Brunswick, era bwe kityo ne Bugirimaani.

Hitler yavuganya ne Hindenburg mu kulonda kwa Pulezidenti okwa 1932. Okwogera kwe yawa mu Industry Club e Düsseldorf nga 27 JOgwoluberyeberye 1932 kwamuwa obuwagizi okuva mu bannamakolero bangi ab’amaanyi mu Girimaani. Hindenburg yalina obuwagizi okuva mu bibiina eby’enjawulo eby’amawanga, eby’obwakabaka, eby’Abakatuliki, n’ebya Republican, n’abamu ku ba Social Democrats. Hitler yakozesa omubala gwa kampeyini " Hitler über Deutschland " ("Hitler ku ntikko ya Girimaani"), okujuliza ebigendererwa bye eby'ebyobufuzi n'okukola kampeyini ze ng'akozesa ennyonyi. Y’omu ku bannabyabufuzi abaasooka okukozesa entambula y’ennyonyi mu kampeyini era yagikozesa bulungi. Hitler yali mu kyakubiri ku mirundi ebiri gyonna, n’afuna obululu obusoba mu 35 ku buli 100 mu kulonda okusembayo. Wadde nga yawangulwa Hindenburg, okulonda kuno kwalaga Hitler ng’amaanyi ag’amaanyi mu byobufuzi bya Girimaani.

Okulondebwa ku bwa chancellor

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Hitler, ku ddirisa lya Reich Chancellery, afuna okukubwa mu ngalo akawungeezi lwe yatuuzibwa ku bwa chancellor, nga 30 Ogwoluberyeberye 1933

Obutabaawo gavumenti ekola bulungi kyaleetera bannabyabufuzi babiri ab’amaanyi, Franz von Papen ne Alfred Hugenberg, awamu n’abamakolero n’abasuubuzi abalala abawerako, okuwandiikira Hindenburg ebbaluwa. Abassa emikono gyabwe baasaba Hindenburg okulonda Hitler okukulira gavumenti "eyeetongodde ku bibiina by'ebyobufuzi ebiri mu paalamenti", ekiyinza okuviirako omugundu ogugenda "okusikiriza obukadde n'obukadde bw'abantu".

Hindenburg nga tayagala yakkiriza okulonda Hitler ku bwa chancellor oluvannyuma lw’okulonda kwa paalamenti okw'emirundi ebiri —mu Gwomusanvu n'Ogwekkuminoogumu1932 —nga tekuvuddemu kutondawo gavumenti esobola okukulembera. Hitler yakulembera gavumenti y’omukago eyamala akaseera katono eyatondebwawo ekibiina kya Nazi Party (ekyali kisinga okubeera n’ebifo mu Reichstag) n’ekibiina kya Hugenberg, ekibiina kya German National People’s Party (DNVP). Nga 30 Ogwoluberyeberye1933, kabineeti empya yalayizibwa ku mukolo omumpi mu ofiisi ya Hindenburg. Ekibiina ky’Abanazi kyafuna ebifo bisatu: Hitler yalondebwa okuba chancellor, Wilhelm Frick nga Minisita w’ensonga z’omunda, ne Hermann Göring nga Minisita w’ensonga z’omunda mu Prussia. Hitler yali akkaatirizza ku bifo bya baminisita ng’engeri y’okufuna obuyinza ku poliisi mu kitundu ekinene ekya Bugirimaani.

Omuliro mu Reichstag n’okulonda mu Gwokusatu

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Nga chancellor, Hitler yakola ku kaweefube w’abawakanya ekibiina ky’Abanazi okuzimba gavumenti ey’abasinga obungi. Olw’obutabanguko mu by’obufuzi, yasaba Hindenburg okuddamu okusatulula Reichstag, era okulonda kwali kutegekeddwa ku ntandikwa y'Ogwokusatu. Nga 27 Ogwokubiri 1933, ekizimbe kya Reichstag kyakumibwako omuliro. Göring olukwe yalunenyeza Abacommunist, anti Omucommunist w’e Budaaki Marinus van der Lubbe yasangibwa mu mbeera ezimulumiriza munda mu kizimbe ekyali kiyidde. Okutuuka mu myaka gya 1960, bannabyafaayo abamu, omuli William L. Shirer ne Alan Bullock, baali balowooza nti ekibiina ky’Abanazi kye kyali kivunaanyizibwa; kati endowooza ya bannabyafaayo abasinga obungi eri nti van der Lubbe ye yatandika omuliro yekka.

Ku kusaba kwa Hitler, Hindenburg yayanukula n'okussa omukono ku kiragiro ky’omuliro ekya Reichstag Fire Decree ekya 28 Ogwokubiri, ekyawandiikibwa Abanazi, ekyayimiriza eddembe eritandikirwako era ne kikkiriza okusibwa awatali kuwozesebwa. Ekiragiro kino kyakkirizibwa mu nnyingo eya 48 eya Ssemateeka wa Weimar, eyawa pulezidenti obuyinza okukola enteekateeka ez’amangu okukuuma obukuumi n’obutebenkevu bw’abantu. Emirimu gy’ekibiina kya German Communist Party (KPD) byanyigirizibwa, era bammemba ba KPD 4,000 ne bakwatibwa.

Ng’oggyeko okunoonya akalulu, ekibiina ky’Abanazi kyakola effujjo nga beefananya amagye n’okusaasaanya ppokoppoko alwanyisa obwannakalyakaani, mu nnaku ezaali zikulembera okulonda. Ku lunaku lw’okulonda nga 6 Ogwokusatu 1933, omugabo gw’Abanazi mu bululu gweyongera okutuuka ku bitundu 44%, era ekibiina kino kyafuna ebifo ebisinga obungi mu paalamenti. Ekibiina kya Hitler kyalemererwa okufuna obululu obusinga obungi, ne kyetaagisa omukago omulala ne DNVP.

Olunaku lwa Potsdam n’etteeka lya Enabling Act

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Nga 21 Ogwokusatu 1933, Reichstag empya yatandikibwawo n’omukolo gw’okuggulawo mu kkanisa ya Garrison e Potsdam. "Olunaku olwa Potsdam" lwategekebwa okulaga obumu wakati w'ekibiina ky'Abanazi n'abakungu mu Prussia abakadde n'amagye. Hitler yalabikira mu kkooti ey’okumakya era mu bwetoowaze n’alamusa Hindenburg.

Okusobola okutuuka ku buyinza obujjuvu mu byobufuzi wadde nga teyalina bungi bwa ddala mu paalamenti, gavumenti ya Hitler yaleeta Ermächtigungsgesetz (Enabling Act) okukubwako akalulu mu Reichstag eyali yakalondebwa . Etteeka lino —eryatuumibwa mu butongole Gesetz zur Behebung der Not von Volk und Reich ("Law to Remedy the Distress of People and Reich")—lyawa kabineti ya Hitler obuyinza okukola amateeka awatali kukkirizibwa kwa Reichstag okumala emyaka ena. Amateeka gano gayinza (okuggyako ebimu) okuva ku ssemateeka.

Okuva bwe kiri nti kyandikosezza ssemateeka, etteeka li Enabling Act okuyisibwa lyali lyetaagisa abantu ebitundu bibiri ku bisatu okuyisibwa. Nga tebaleseewo muwatwa gwonna, Abanazi baakozesa ebiragiro ebiri mu kiragiro ky’omuliro ekya Reichstag Fire Decree okukwata abamyuka bonna 81 ab’Abacommunist (wadde nga baali bakola kampeyini ez’amaanyi okulwanyisa ekibiina, Abanazi baali bakkirizza KPD okuvuganya mu kulonda) ne balemesa aba Social Democrats abawerako okwetaba mu kulonda.

Nga 23 Ogwokusatu 1933, Reichstag yakuŋŋaana mu Kroll Opera House mu mbeera ey’akatabanguko. Ab'ebitiibwa mu SA baakli liteesebwako, ne baleekaana engombo n’okutiisatiisa ababaka ba paalamenti abaali batuuse. Oluvannyuma lwa Hitler okusuubiza mu bigambo akulira ekibiina kya Centre , Ludwig Kaas nti Hindenburg agenda kusigala n’obuyinza bwe obw’okukuba akalulu, Kaas yalangirira nti ekibiina kya Centre Party kigenda kuwagira etteeka eriyitibwa Enabling Act. Etteeka lino lyayisibwa n’obululu 444–94, ng’ebibiina byonna okuggyako aba Social Democrats be baliwagira. Etteeka erya Enabling Act, awamu n’ekiragiro ky’omuliro ekya Reichstag Fire Decree, kyakyusa gavumenti ya Hitler n’efuuka eya nnakyemalira mu mateeka.

Obwannakyemalira

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Ekifaananyi kya Heinrich Knirr (1937)

"Nga nteeka obulamu bwange mu kabi okulabika ng'ayogera ebitategeerekeka, mbagamba nti ekibiina kya National Socialist movement kijja kugenda mu maaso okumala emyaka 1,000!... Temwerabira engeri abantu gye bansekereramu emyaka 15 emabega bwe nnalangirira nti lumu nja kufuga Bugirimaani. Baseka kaakano, mu ngeri y'emu ey'obusirusiru, bwe nnalangirira nti nja kusigala mu buyinza" - Adolf Hitler ng'ayogerako ne munnamaulire wa BBC mu Berlin, Ogwomukaaga 1934

Oluvannyuma lw'okufuna obuyinza ku ssiga lya gavumenti eribaga amateeka ne ly'obukulembeze, Hitler ne banne baatandika okulwanyisa ababavuganya abaasigalawo. Ekibiina kya Social Democratic Party kyawerebwa, era n'ebintu byakyo ne bikwatibwa.Wadde ng'abakiise b'ebibiina by'abakozi bangi baali mu Berlin ku lunaku lw'ogwokutaano, abaserikale ba SA baawamba woofiisi z'ebibiina mu ggwanga lyonna. Nga 2 Ogwokutaano 1933, ebibiina by'abakozi byonna byawalirizibwa okuggibwawo, era abakulembeze baabyo ne bakwatibwa. Abamu baasindikibwa mu nkambi z'abasibe.Ekibiina kya German Labour Front kyatandikibwawo ng'ekitongole ekikiikirira abakozi bonna, abakungu, n'abalina kkampuni, nga kino kiraga endowooza y'Abanazi mu mwoyo gwa Hitler's Volksgemeinschaft ("ekitundu ky'abantu").

Ogwomukaaga we gwaggwerako ng’ebibiina ebirala bitiisibbwatiisibbwa okusasika. Kuno kwaliko omukago gw’Abanazi ogw’erinnya, DNVP; ng’ayambibwako SA, Hitler yawaliriza omukulembeze waayo Hugenberg okulekulira nga 29 Ogwomukaaga. Nga 14 Ogwomusanvu 1933, ekibiina ky’Abanazi kyalangirirwa ng’ekibiina kyokka eky’ebyobufuzi mu mateeka mu Bugirimaani. Okwagala kwa SA okweyongera amaanyi mu byobufuzi n’amagye kwaleeta okweraliikirira mu bakulembeze b’amagye, abamakolero na b'ebyobufuzi. Mu kwanukula, Hitler yalongoosa obukulembeze bwonna obwa SA mu kyayitibwa Night of the Long Knives, eyaliwo okuva nga 30 Ogwomukaaga okutuuka nga 2 Ogwomusanvu 1934. Hitler yatunuulira Ernst Röhm n’abakulembeze abalala aba SA, ng'awamu n’abalabe ba Hitler abawerako mu byobufuzi (nga Gregor Strasser n’eyali chancellor Kurt von Schleicher ), baazingibwa, ne bakwatibwa, ne bakubwa amasasi. Wadde ng’ensi yonna n’Abagirimaani abamu baakwatibwa ensonyi olw’ettemu lino, bangi mu Bugirimaani baali balowooza nti Hitler yali azzaawo emirembe.

Hindenburg yafa nga 2 Ogwomunaana 1934. Ku lunaku olwali lwakayita, kabineti yali etaddewo Etteeka li "Law Concerning the Head of State of the German Reich". Etteeka lino lyali ligamba nti Hindenburg bw’anaafa, ofiisi ya pulezidenti yali egenda kuggyibwawo, era obuyinza bwayo ne bugattibwa n’obwo obwa chancellor. Bw’atyo Hitler yafuuka omukulembeze w’eggwanga awamu n’omukulembeze wa gavumenti era mu butongole n’atuumibwa erinnya Führer und Reichskanzler (Omukulembeze era Chancellor wa Reich), wadde nga Reichskanzler okukkakkana ng’asuuliddwa. Olw’ekikolwa kino, Hitler yaggyawo enkola y'amateeka eyali esobola okumuggya mu ofiisi.

Ng’omukulembeze w’eggwanga, Hitler yafuuka omuduumizi w’amagye owo ku ntikko. Amangu ddala nga Hindenburg amaze okufa, ku kukubirizibwa kw’obukulembeze bwa Reichswehr, ekirayiro eky’ennono eky’obwesigwa eky’abajaasi kyakyusibwa okukakasa obwesigwa eri Hitler kennyini, mu linnya, mu kifo kya ofiisi y’omuduumizi ow'oku ntikko (oluvannyuma eyakyusibwa erinnya n’efuulibwa omuduumizi omusukkulumu) oba eri Bugirimaani. Nga 19 Ogwomunaana, okugatta obwapulezidenti n’obwa chancellor kwakkirizibwa abalonzi 88 ku buli 100 abaalonda mu kalulu k’ekikungo mu 1934.

Ku ntandikwa ya 1938, Hitler yasiiga abantu akasa okunyweza obuyinza bwe ku magye ng’akuma omuliro mu nsonga za Blomberg–Fritsch. Hitler yawaliriza Minisita we ow’olutalo, Field Marshal Werner von Blomberg, okulekulira ng’akozesa ekiwandiiko kya poliisi ekyalaga nti mukyala wa Blomberg omupya yalina likodi y’obwamalaaya. Omuduumizi w’amagye Colonel-General Werner von Fritsch yaggyibwawo oluvannyuma lwa Schutzstaffel] (SS) okuleeta ebigambibwa nti yali yeenyigira mu bisiyaga. Abasajja bombi baali bagudde mu buzibu kubanga baali bawakanya Hitler okusaba okukola Wehrmacht nga yeetegese okulwana olutalo nga mu 1938. Hitler yafuna ekitiibwa kya Blomberg eky’Omuduumizi Omukulu, bw’atyo n’atwala obuduumizi bw’amagye ku bubwe. Yakyusa minisitule y’olutalo n’assaamu Oberkommando der Wehrmacht (OKW), nga ekulemberwa Genero Wilhelm Keitel. Ku lunaku lwe lumu, ba Genero 16 baggyibwako obuduumizi bwabwe, ate abalala 44 ne bakyusibwa; bonna baali bateeberezebwa nti baali tebawagira bu- Nazi kimala. Ku ntandikwa y'Ogwokubirii 1938, ba Genero abalala 12 baali bamaze okuggyibwawo.

Hitler yafaayo okuwa obwannakyemalira bwe okulabika ng’obuli mu mateeka. Ebiragiro bye bingi byali byesigamiziddwa mu bulambulukufu ku kiragiro kya Reichstag Fire Decree era n’olwekyo nga byesigamiziddwa ku nnyingo 48 eya Ssemateeka wa Weimar. Reichstag yazza obuggya etteeka li Enablinga Act emirundi ebiri, buli mulundi okumala emyaka ena. Ng'okulonda kwa Reichstag kukyakolebwa (mu 1933, 1936, ne 1938), abalonzi baaweebwa olukalala lumu olw'Abanazi n'abagenyi abawagira Obunazi olwafuna obululu obusukka mu bitundu 90 ku buli 100. Okulonda kuno okw’obulimba kwali mu mbeera ezitali za kyama; Abanazi batiisatiisa okwesasuza okw’amaanyi eri omuntu yenna ataalonda oba ataabalonda.

Ebyenfuna n’obuwangwa

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Hitler n’abakozi be nga bakola saluti y’Abanazi eri ttiimu ku mikolo egy’okuggulawo emizannyo gya Olympics XI mu Gwomunaana 1936

Mu Gwomunaana 1934, Hitler yalonda Pulezidenti wa Reichsbank Hjalmar Schacht nga Minisita w’ebyenfuna, ate mu mwaka ogwaddako, nga Plenipotentiary for War Economy avunaanyizibwa ku kutegeka ebyenfuna by'okulwana. Okuddamu okuzimba n’okuzzaawo emmundu kwassibwamu ssente nga bayita mu tteeka lya Mefo, okukuba ssente, n’okuwamba eby’obugagga by’abantu abaakwatibwa ng’abalabe b’eggwanga, nga mw’otwalidde n’Abayudaaya. Omuwendo gw’abatalina mirimu gwakendeera okuva ku bukadde mukaaga mu 1932 okutuuka ku bukadde obutasukka kamu mu 1936. Hitler ye yalabirira emu ku kampeyini ezisinga obunene ez’okulongoosa ebizimbe mu byafaayo bya Girimaani, ezaaviirako okuzimba amabibiro, autobahns, eggaali y’omukka, n’emirimu emirala egy’okuzimba. Emisaala gyali wansi katono mu makkati okutuuka ku nkomerero y’emyaka gya 1930 bw’ogeraageranya n’emisaala mu kiseera kya Weimar Republic, ate ng’ebbeeyi y’ebintu y'eyongera ebitundu 25 ku buli 100. Mu kugeraageranya Wiiki y’emirimu yeeyongera mu kiseera ky’okukyusa okudda mu by’enfuna by’olutalo; mu 1939, Omugirimaani owa bulijjo yali akola wakati w’essaawa 47 ne 50 buli wiiki.

Gavumenti ya Hitler yawagira enzimba y'EKinazi ku kigero ekinene ennyo. Albert Speer, eyayamba ennyo mu kuteeka mu nkola enkola ya Hitler ey’okuddamu okutaputa obuwangwa bw’Abagirimaani mu ngeri ey’edda, yateekebwa okuvunaanyizibwa ku kiteeso ky’okuddaabiriza ebizimbe mu Berlin. Wadde ng’amawanga mangi gaali gatiisatiisa obuteetaba mu mizannyo gya Olympics, Bugirimaani gye yategeka mu 1936. Hitler ye yakulemberamu emikolo gy’okuggulawo era yeetaba ku mikolo gyombi egyali mu Winter Games e Garmisch-Partenkirchen ne mu Summer Games e Berlin.

Okuddamu okukozesa emmundu n’emikago emipya

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Mu nsisinkano n'abakulembeze b'amagye ga Girimaani nga 3 Ogwokubiri 1933, Hitler yayogera ku "kuwamba Lebensraum mu Buvanjuba n'enkola y'okutunza endowooza y'eKigirimaani ey'okufufugaza" ng'ebigendererwa bye ebisembayo eby'enkola y'ensonga z'ebweru. Mu Gwokusatu, Omulangira Bernhard Wilhelm von Bülow, omuwandiisi mu ofiisi y’ensonga z’ebweru ( Auswärtiges Amt ), yafulumya ekiwandiiko ku bigendererwa ebikulu eby’enkola y’ensonga z’ebweru: Anschluss ne Austria, okuzzaawo ensalo z’amawanga ga Girimaani mu 1914, okugaana obukwakkulizo bw’amagye wansi w’endagaano ya Versailles, okudda kw’amatwale ga Girimaani agaali mu Afirika, n’ekitundu kya Girimaani eky’obuyinza mu Bulaaya ey’Ebuvanjuba. Hitler yasanga ebiruubirirwa bya Bülow nga bitono nnyo. Mu kwogera kwe mu kiseera kino, yakkaatirizza bye yayita ebigendererwa by’emirembe mu nkola ze n’okwagala okukolera mu ndagaano z’ensi yonna. Mu lukiiko olwasooka olwa kabineeti ye mu 1933, Hitler yakulembeza ssente z’amagye okusinga okudduukirira abantu abaali batalina mirimu.

Girimaani yava mu mukago gw'amawanga n'olukiiko lw'ensi yonna olw'okuggyawo ebyokulwanyisa mu Gwekkumi 1933. Mu Gwoluberyeberye 1935, abantu abasukka mu 90 ku buli 100 ab’omu Saarland, mu kiseera ekyo eyali wansi w’obufuzi bw’Omukago gw’Amawanga Amagatte, baakuba akalulu okwegatta ne Bugirimaani. Mu Gwokusatu ogwo, Hitler yalangirira okugaziya eggye lya Wehrmacht okutuuka ku bammemba 600,000 —nga bakubisaamu emirundi mukaaga omuwendo ogwakkirizibwa mu ndagaano ya Versailles —nga mw’otwalidde n’okukulaakulanya eggye ly’omu bbanga ( Luftwaffe ) n’okweyongera kw’obunene bw’amagye g’oku mazzi ( Kriegsmarine). Bungereza, Bufalansa, Yitale, n’Omukago gw’Amawanga Amagatte byavumirira ebikolwa bino eby’okumenya Endagaano eyo naye nga tebalina kye baakola kubiziyiza. Endagaano y’amagye g’oku mazzi aga Bungereza ne Girimaani (AGNA) eya 18 Ogwomukaaga yakkiriza ttani za Girimaani okweyongera okutuuka ku bitundu 35 ku 100 eby’amagye g’oku mazzi aga Royal Navy . Hitler yayita okussa omukono ku AGNA nga "olunaku olukyasinze essanyu mu bulamu bwe", ng'alowooza nti endagaano eno ye yatandika omukago gwa Bungereza ne Bugirimaani gwe yali alagudde mu Mein Kampf. Bufalansa ne Yitale tezeebuuzibwako nga tebannaba kussa mukono, ekyatyoboola obutereevu Omukago gw’Amawanga Amagatte era ne kiteeka endagaano ya Versailles obutabeera na makulu.

Girimaani yaddamu okuwamba ekitundu ekyali tekikirizibwamu magye mu Rhineland mu Gwokusatu1936, ng’emenya endagaano ya Versailles. Hitler era yasindika amagye e Spain okuwagira Francisco Franco n’ekiwayi kye ekya Nationalist mu kiseera ky’olutalo lw’omunda mu Spain oluvannyuma lw’okufuna okulaajana okuyambibwa mu Gwomusanvu 1936. Mu kiseera kye kimu, Hitler yagenda mu maaso n’okufuba okukola omukago gwa Bungereza ne Bugirimaani. Mu Gwomunaana 1936, ng’ayanukula ekizibu ky’ebyenfuna ekyali kyeyongera olw’okufuba kwe okuddamu okufuna emmundu, Hitler yalagira Göring okussa mu nkola Enteekateeka y’Emyaka Ena okuteekateeka Bugirimaani okulwana olutalo mu myaka ena eginaddirira. Enteekateeka eno yali etunuulidde olutalo olw'amaanyi wakati wa " Judaeo-Bolshevism " n'Obunazi bwa Girimaani, nga mu ndowooza ya Hitler kyali kyetaagisa okufuba okwewaayo okuddamu okufuna ebyokulwanyisa awatali kulowooza ku nsaasaanya y'ebyenfuna.

Mu Gwekkumi 1936, Count Galeazzo Ciano, minisita w’ensonga z’ebweru mu gavumenti ya Mussolini, yakyalira Girimaani, gye yassa omukono ku ndagaano ey’ensonga mwenda ng’akabonero nti yali asemberera okusisinkana Hitler mu buntu. Nga 1 Ogwekkuminoogumu, Mussolini yalangirira "omukago" wakati wa Girimaani ne Yitale. Nga 25 Ogwekkuminoogumu, Girimaani yassa omukono ku ndagaano ya Anti-Comintern Pact ne Japan. Bungereza, China, Yitale ne Poland nazo zaayitibwa okwegatta ku ndagaano ya Anti-Comintern Pact, naye Yitale yokka ye yassa omukono mu 1937. Hitler yasuula enteekateeka ye ey'omukago gwa Bungereza ne Bugirimaani, ng'anenya obukulembeze bwa Bungereza "obutamala". Mu lukiiko lwe yatuuza mu Reich Chancellery ne baminisita be ab’ensonga z’ebweru n’abaami b’amagye mu Gwekkuminoogumu ogwo, Hitler yaddamu okulaga ekigendererwa kye eky’okufuna Lebensraum ku lw’abantu b’e Girimaani. Yalagira enteekateeka z’olutalo mu Buvanjuba zitandike nga bukyali mu 1938 ate nga tebunnawera 1943. Singa afa, ebiteeso by'olukuŋŋaana, eby'awandiikibwa nga Hossbach Memorandum, byali bya kutwalibwa nga "endagaano ye ey'ebyobufuzi". Yawulira nti okukendeera okw'amaanyi mu mbeera z'abantu mu Girimaani olw'okatyabaga k'ebyenfuna kayinza kuyimirizibwa na bulumbaganyi bw'amagye obwali bugendereddwamu okuwamba Austria ne Czechoslovakia. Hitler yasaba okukola amangu nga Bungereza ne Bufalansa tezinnaba kufuna bukulembeze bwa nkalakkalira mu mpaka z'ebyokulwanyisa. Ku ntandikwa ya 1938, oluvannyuma lw’ensonga ya Blomberg–Fritsch, Hitler yakakasa obuyinza ku nkola y’amagye-enkola y’ensonga z’ebweru, n’agoba Neurath ku bwaminisita w’ensonga z’ebweru era n’alonda Minisita w’olutalo. Okuva ku ntandikwa ya 1938, Hitler yali ku nkola y’ensonga z’ebweru ng’egendereddwamu lutalo.

Obuwanguzi mu by’enteseganya nga bukyali

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Omukago ne Japan

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Mu Gwokubiri 1938, ku kuwabulwa kwa minisita w’ensonga z’ebweru eyali yakalondebwa, Joachim von Ribbentrop eyali awagira ennyo Omujapaani, Hitler yakomya omukago gwa China ne Girimaani ne Republic of China mu kifo ky’ekyo, okuyingira omukago n’Obwakabaka bwa Japan obwali obw’omulembe era obw’amaanyi ennyo. Hitler yalangirira nti Girimaani ekkirizza Manchukuo, eggwanga lya Japan eryali ly'etaddewo mu Manchuria, era n’agaana ebyali byogerwa nti Girimaani yali eyagala kweddiza matwale gaabwe agaali mu Pacific agaali wansi wa Japan. Hitler yalagira okukomya okuyingiza emmundu e China era n’azzaayo abaserikale ba Girimaani bonna abaali bakolagana n’amagye ga China. Mu kwesasuza, Genero wa China Chiang Kai-shek yasazaamu endagaano zonna eza China ne Girimaani mu by’enfuna, ekyaggyako Abagirimaani ebintu bingi ebivaamu ebyamaguzi okuva mu Bachina.

Austria ne Czechoslovakia

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Nga 12 Ogwokusatu 1938, Hitler yalangirira okugatta Austria ne Girimaani mu Anschluss. Oluvannyuma Hitler yakyusa amaaso ge n’atunuulira abantu ab’amawanga g’Abagirimaani abaali mu kitundu kya Sudetenland mu Czechoslovakia. Nga 28–29 Ogwokusatu 1938, Hitler yatuuza enkiiko ez'ekyama eziwerako mu Berlin ne Konrad Henlein owa Sudeten German Party, ebibiina ebisinga obunene mu bibiina by'amawanga g'Abagirimaani mu Sudetenland. Abasajja bano bakkiriziganya nti Henlein yandisabye gavumenti ya Czechoslovakia okwongera okwefuga eri Abagirimaani aba Sudeten, bwe kityo n’awaayo ensonga amagye ga Girimaani kye gayinza okukozea okulumba Czechoslovakia. Mu Gwokuna 1938, Henlein yagamba Minisita w'ensonga z'ebweru mu Hungary nti "kyonna gavumenti ya Czech ky'eyinza okuwaayo, bulijjo yandireese ebyetaago ebikyali waggulu."... yali ayagala okusaanyawo okutegeeragana mu ngeri yonna kubanga eno ye yali enkola yokka ey'okutulisa Czechoslovakia mu bwangu". Mu kyama, Hitler yatwala ensonga ya Sudeten ng’etali nkulu; ekigendererwa kye ekituufu kyali lutalo lwa kuwamba Czechoslovakia.

Mu Gwokuna, Hitler yalagira ekibiina kya OKW okwetegekera Fall Grün (Czechoslovakia)|Fall Grün (Case Green), erinnya lya koodi ery’okulumba Czechoslovakia. Olw'okunyigirizibwa okw'amaanyi okwa Bufalansa ne Bungereza, nga 5 Ogwomwenda, pulezidenti wa Czechoslovakia Edvard Beneš yatongoza "Enteekateeka ey'okuna" ey'okuddamu okutegeka eggwanga lye mu ssemateeka, eyakkiriza ebisinga obungi Henlein bye yali ayagala mu kwefuga kwa Sudeten. Ekibiina kya Henlein kyayanukula omukisa Beneš gwe yabawa na kukuma muliro mu bantu n'okulwanagana okw’amaanyi ne poliisi ya Czechoslovakia okwaviirako okulangirira etteeka ly’amagye mu disitulikiti ezimu ez’e Sudeten.

Girimaani yali yeesigamye ku mafuta agayingizibwa mu ggwanga; okulwanagana ne Bungereza ku nkaayana za Czechoslovakia kwayinza okukendeeza ku mafuta ga Girimaani. Kino kyawaliriza Hitler okuyimirizaFall Grün, mu kusooka dyali etegekeddwa nga 1 Ogwekkumi 1938. Nga 29 Ogwomwenda, Hitler, Neville Chamberlain, Édouard Daladier, ne Mussolini beetaba mu lukungaana olw’olunaku lumu mu Munich olwavaako endagaano ya Munich, eyakwasa Bugirimaani disitulikiti za Sudetenland.

Chamberlain yali mumativu n'olukuŋŋaana lw'e Munich, n'ayita ebyavaamu " emirembe mu kiseera kyaffe ", ate Hitler n'anyiiga olw'omukisa gw'olutalo ogwasubwa mu 1938; yalaga obwennyamivu bwe mu kwogera kwe nga 9 Ogwekkumi mu kibuga Saarbrücken. Mu ndowooza ya Hitler, emirembe egyali gitabaganyiziddwa Bungereza, wadde nga gyali gya mugaso eri ebirabika ng’ebyo Girimaani bye baagala, kwali kuwangulwa mu by'enteeseganya ekyamuleetera okussa ekkomo ku buyinza bwa Bungereza okuggulawo ekkubo eri okugaziya Bugirimaani mu buvanjuba. Olw’olukiiko luno, Hitler yalondebwa ng’omusajja w’omwaka mu magazini ya Time mu 1938. Ku nkomerero ya 1938 ne ku ntandikwa ya 1939, akatyabaga k’ebyenfuna akaali kagenda mu maaso olw’okuddamu okuweesa n'okugula emmundu kwawaliriza Hitler okukendeeza ennyo ku by’okwerinda. Mu kwogera kwe okwa "Export or die" okwa nga 30 Ogwoluberyeberye 1939, yasaba okulumba mu by'enfuna okwongera ku nsimbi za Girimaani ez'ebweru okusasula ebikozesebwa ebisookerwako ng'ekyuma eky'omutindo ogwa waggulu ebyetaagisa okukola ebyokulwanyisa by'amagye.

Nga 14 Ogwokusatu 1939, olw’okutiisibwatiisibwa okuva mu Hungary, Slovakia yalangirira obwetwaze era n’efuna obukuumi okuva mu Bugirimaani. Enkeera, mu kutyoboola endagaano ya Munich era nga kiyinzika okuba nga kyava ku buzibu bw’ebyenfuna obwali bweyongera okwetaagisa eby’obugagga ebirala, Hitler yalagira Wehrmacht okulumba eggwanga lya Czech rump, era okuva mu Lubiri lwa Prague n’alangirira ekitundu ekyo ng’ekikuumibwa kya Girimaani.

Entandikwa ya Ssematalo II

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Mu kukubaganya ebirowoozo okw’ekyama mu 1939, Hitler yalangirira nti Bungereza ye mulabe omukulu eyali agenda okuwangulwa era nti okusaanyizibwawo kwa Poland kyali kyetaagisa okusooka okutuuka ku kiruubirirwa ekyo. Oludda olw’ebuvanjuba lwandikuumibwa, era ettaka lyandiyongerwa ku Lebensraum ya Bugirimaani. Olw'okunyiiga olw' "omusingo" gw'Abangereza nga 31 Ogwokusatu 1939 ogw'obwetwaze bwa Poland, yagamba nti, "Nja kubafumbira ekyokunywa kya sitaani". Mu kwogera kwe mu Wilhelmshaven okw'okutongoza emmeeri y'olutalo Tirpitz nga 1 Ogwokuna, yatiisatiisa okuvumirira endagaano y'amagye g'oku mazzi aga Bungereza ne Girimaani singa Abangereza bagenda mu maaso n'okukakasa obwetwaze bwa Poland, kye yalaba ng'enkola ya "okuzingiza". Poland yali yakufuuka eggwanga lya Girimaani erya satellite, oba yandifuliddwa nnampawengwa okusobola okukuuma oludda olw’ebuvanjuba olwa Reich n’okutangira Bungereza okuziyiza okuyinza okubaawo.

Hitler yasooka kuwagira kirowoozo kya gavumenti ya satellite, naye bwe yagaanibwa gavumenti ya Poland, yasalawo okulumba era kino n’akifuula ekiruubirirwa ekikulu eky’enkola y’ensonga z’ebweru mu 1939. Nga 3 Ogwokuna, Hitler yalagira amagye okwetegekera Fall Weiss (1939)|Fall Weiss ("Case White"), enteekateeka y'okulumba Poland nga 25 Ogwomunaana. Mu kwogera kwe mu Reichstag nga 28 Ogwokuna, yeegaana endagaano zombi okuli ey’amagye g’oku mazzi aga Bungereza ne Girimaani n’endagaano ya Girimaani ne Poland ey’obutalumbagana. Bannabyafaayo nga William Carr, Gerhard Weinberg, ne Ian Kershaw bagamba nti emu ku nsonga lwaki Hitler yafubutuka okugenda mu lutalo kwe kutya okufa amangu. Enfunda eziwera yali agamba nti alina okukulembera Bugirimaani mu lutalo nga tannakaddiwa nnyo, kubanga abamuddira mu bigere bayinza obutaba na kwagala kwa maanyi nga ye. Hitler yali mweraliikirivu nti obulumbaganyi bw’amagye ku Poland buyinza okuvaamu olutalo ne Bungereza nga terunnatuuka. Minisita wa Hitler ow’ensonga z’ebweru era eyali Omubaka mu London, Joachim von Ribbentrop, yamugumya nti Bungereza oba Bufalansa tezijja kussa kitiibwa mu bweyamo bwe zaakola eri Poland. Okusinziira ku kino, nga 22 Ogwomunaana 1939, Hitler yalagira okukungaanya amagye okulwanyisa Poland.

Enteekateeka eno yali yeetaaga obuwagizi bwa Soviet mu kasirise, era endagaano y’obutalumbagana ( endagaano ya Molotov–Ribbentrop ) wakati wa Girimaani ne Soviet Union, eyakulemberwa Joseph Stalin, yalimu endagaano ey’ekyama okugabanya Poland wakati w’amawanga gombi. Okwawukanako n’ekyo Ribbentrop kye yalagula nti Bungereza yandisalako enkolagana yaayo ne Poland, Bungereza ne Poland bassa omukono ku mukago gwa Bungereza ne Poland nga 25 Ogwomunaana 1939. Kino, awamu n’amawulire okuva e Yitale nti Mussolini tagenda kussa kitiibwa mu ndagaano ya Pact of steel, kyaleetera Hitler okwongezaayo okulumba Poland okuva nga 25 Ogwomunaana okutuuka nga 1 Ogwomwenda. Hitler yalemererwa okugezaako okukyusa Abangereza mu butabeera na ludda lw’ebawagira ng’abawa omusingo gw’obutakola bulumbaganyi nga 25 Ogwomunaana; olwo n’alagira Ribbentrop okuleeta enteekateeka y’emirembe ey’essaawa esembayo ng’erina ekkomo ly’ekiseera ekitono ennyo mu kaweefube w’okunenyeza olutalo olwali lugenda okubaawo olw’obutaddamu kwa Bungereza ne Poland.

Hitler yeetegereza amagye agaali gatambula mu kiseera ky’okulumba Poland, Ogwomwenda 1939

Nga 1 Ogwomwenda 1939, Bugirimaani yalumba ebugwanjuba bwa Poland nga yeekwasa nti yali egaaniddwa okukozesa ekibuga kya Danzig n’enguudo ez’ebweru w’ettaka okuyita mu Polish Corridor, Girimaani gye yali ewaddeyo wansi w’endagaano ya Versailles. Mu kwanukula, Bungereza ne Bufalansa baalangirira olutalo ku Bugirimaani nga 3 Ogwomwenda, ekyawuniikiriza Hitler era ne kimuleetera okubuuza Ribbentrop mu busungu nti, "Kati kiki?" Bungereza ne Bufalansa tezaalumbirwo mu bwangu, era nga 17 Ogwomwenda, amagye ga Soviet gaalumba obuvanjuba bwa Poland.

Okugwa kwa Poland kwaddirirwa bannamawulire ab'omulembe guno kye baayita " Phoney War " oba Sitzkrieg ("sitting war"). Hitler yalagira aba Gauleiters ababiri abaali baakalondebwa ab'obukiikakkono bw'obugwanjuba ga Poland, Albert Forster owa Reichsgau Danzig-West Prussia ne Arthur Greiser owa Reichsgau Wartheland, okufuula ebitundu byabwe e Bigirimaani, nga "tewali bibuuzo bibuuziddwa" ku ngeri kino gye kyatuukirira. Mu kitundu kya Forster, Abapolandi baalina kussa mukono gwokka ku foomu eziraga nti balina omusaayi gw’Abagirimaani. Okwawukanako n’ekyo, Greiser yakkiriziganya ne Himmler era n’akola kampeyini y’okugogola amawanga eri Abapolandi. Greiser mu bbanga ttono yeemulugunya nti Forster yali akkiriza enkumi n'enkumi z'Abapolandi okukkirizibwa ng'Abagirimaani "ab'amawanga" era bwe kityo n'assa mu matigga "obulongoofu bw'eggwanga" ly'Abagirimaani. Hitler yeewala okwenyigira mu nsonga zino. Obutabaako kyakola kwogeddwako ng'ekyokulabirako ky'endowooza ya "okukolerera Führer", Hitler mwe yafulumya ebiragiro ebyali bitategeerekeka era ng'asuubira nti abaali wansi we bajja kukola enkola nga beetongodde.

Enkaayana endala yaleeta oludda olumu olwali lukiikirirwa Heinrich Himmler ne Greiser, abaali balwanirira okugogola amawanga mu Poland, n'oludda olukiikirirwa Göring ne Hans Frank ( gavana-genero wa Poland eyawambibwa ), eyasaba okufuula Poland "etterekero ly'emmere" erya Reich. Nga 12 Ogwokubiri 1940, enkaayana zaasooka kugonjoolwa nga ziwagira endowooza ya Göring–Frank, eyakomya okugobwa kw’abantu abangi okwali kutaataaganya ebyenfuna. Nga 15 Ogwokutaano 1940, Himmler yafulumya ekiwandiiko ekyatuumibwa "Some thoughts on the treatment of Alien Population in the East", ng'asaba okugobwa kw'Abayudaaya bonna mu Bulaaya okudda mu Afrika n'okukendeeza ku muwendo gw'abantu mu Poland okutuuka ku "kibiina ky'abakozi abatalina bakulembeze". Hitler yawaana ekiwandiiko kya Himmler nti "kirungi era kituufu", era, nga tafaayo ku Göring ne Frank, yassa mu nkola enkola ya Himmler–Greiser mu Poland.

Nga 9 Ogwokuna, amagye ga Girimaani gaalumba Denmark ne Norway. Ku lunaku lwe lumu, Hitler yalangirira okuzaalibwa kwa Greater Germanic Reich, okwolesebwa kwe okw'obwakabaka obumu obw'amawanga ga Girimaani aga Bulaaya nga mu kino Abadaaki, Abaflemish, n'Abascandinavia beegase mu byobufuzi "ebirongoofu mu mawanga" wansi w'obukulembeze bwa Girimaani. Mu Gwokutaano 1940, Bugirimaani yalumba Bufalansa, n’ewangula Luxembourg, Budaaki, ne Bubirigi. Obuwanguzi buno bwaleetera Mussolini ne Yitale okwegatta ne Hitler nga 10 Ogwomukaaga. Bufalansa ne Girimaani bassa omukono ku ndagaano y’okukomya entalo nga 22 Ogwomukaaga. Kershaw agamba nti obuganzi bwa Hitler munda mu Bugirimaani —n’obuwagizi bwa Girimaani eri olutalo —bwatuuka ku ntikko bwe yakomawo e Berlin nga 6 Ogwomusanvu okuva mu kutalaaga Paris. Oluvannyuma lw’obuwanguzi obw’amangu bwe yali tasuubira, Hitler yakuza ba Genero 12 ne batuuka ku ddaala lya field marshal ku mukolo gwa 1940 Field Marshal Ceremony.

Bungereza, amagye gaayo agaali gawaliriziddwa okuva e Bufalansa ng'eyita ku nnyanja okuva e Dunkirk, yagenda mu maaso n’okulwana wamu n’amatwale ga Bungereza amalala mu lutalo Battle of Atlantic. Hitler yagezaako okukola emirembe eri ssaabaminisita wa Bungereza omuggya, Winston Churchill, era bwe baagaana, yalagira okulumba enkambi z’ennyonyi ez’amagye g’omu bbanga aga Royal Air Force ne siteegi za rada mu bukiikaddyo bw’obuvanjuba bwa Bungereza. Nga 7 Ogwomwenda, bbomu ezaakubwa mu kibuga London mu ngeri entegeke ekiro zaatandika. Luftwaffe eya Girimaani yalemererwa okuwangula eggye ly'omu bbanga erya Royal Air Force mu lutalo olwamanyibwa nga olutalo lwa Bungereza. Ku nkomerero y'Ogwomwenda, Hitler yakitegeera nti obusukkulumu bw'okuyita mu bbanga okulumba Bungereza (mu Operation Sea Lion) kyali tekisoboka, era n’alagira ekikwekweto ekyo kyongerweyo. Ennyonyi ennumbaganyi ezisuula bbomu ku bibuga bya Bungereza zeeyongera era ne zigenda mu maaso okumala emyezi, nga mw’otwalidde London, Plymouth, ne Coventry.

Nga 27 Ogwomwenda 1940, endagaano ya Tripartite yassibwako omukono mu Berlin Saburō Kurusu owa Imperial Japan, Hitler, ne minisita w'ebweru owa Italy Ciano, era oluvannyuma n'egenda mu maaso n'okuzingiramu Hungary, Romania, ne Bulgaria, bwe kityo n'ezaala omukago gwa Axis powers. Okugezaako kwa Hitler okugatta Soviet Union mu kibiina ekirwanyisa Bungereza kwagwa butaka oluvannyuma lw'okukubaganya ebirowoozo wakati wa Hitler ne Molotov mu Berlin mu Gwekkuminoogumu, era n'alagira okwetegekera okulumba Soviet Union.

Ku ntandikwa ya 1941, amagye ga Girimaani gaasindikibwa mu North Africa, Balkans, ne Middle East. Mu Gwokubiri, amagye ga Girimaani gaatuuka mu Libya okunyweza okubeerawo kwa Yitale. Mu Gwokuna, Hitler yatandika okulumba Yugoslavia, n’addirira mangu okulumba Buyonaani. Mu Gwokutaano, amagye ga Girimaani gaasindikibwa okuwagira amagye ga Iraq agaali galwanyisa Abangereza n’okulumba Crete. Nga 28 Ogwekkuminoogumu, Hitler yasisinkana mu Berlin ne Amin al-Husseini, Grand Mufti wa Yerusaalemi. Hitler yateekawo enkola y'okuwakanya ensi y'Abayudaaya ng'ekimu ku bitundu bya Girimaani "olutalo olugazi olw'okulwanyisa Abayudaaya."