Apollo Kaggwa

Apollo Kagwa (ku ddyo) n’omuwandiisi we Ham Mukasa, 1902

Sir Apollo Kagwa (ennyiriri z’Oluganda ez’omutindo mu mpandiika Kaggwa ) KCMG MBE (1864–1927) yali mukulembeze omuyivu era munnabyabufuzi mu Uganda bwe yali wansi w’obufuzi bwa Bungereza. Yali mukulembeze w’ekiwayi ky’Abakulisitaayo era Ssekabaka Mwanga II yamulonda okuba ssaabaminisita ( Katikkiro ) ow’Obwakabaka bwa Buganda mu 1890. Yaweereza okutuusa mu 1926. Kagwa yaweereza ng'omukuza w'omulangira okuva mu 1897 okutuuka mu 1914 Ssekabaka Daudi Chwa omuwere bwe yakula. Ye yali omukugu mu by'amawanga mu Buganda eyasookera ddala.

Omulimu gwe

Kagwa yali muyizi mu by’okuddukanya emirimu mu lubiri lw’obwakabaka bwa Buganda abaminsani abakulisitaayo abaasooka okutuuka mu myaka gya 1870 we baggyira. Abayizi bano mu lubiri, bannabyafaayo Abazungu ab’omulembe ogwo be baayitanga abakungu, baali bavubuka bagezi okuva mu bitundu by'obwakabaka byonna abaasindikibwa mu lubiri okutendekebwa okufuuka abakulembeze abaddako. Yali omu ku bantu abaasooka okukyuka okudda mu nzikiriza y''Abakulisitaayo . Kata afuuke omu ku Bajulizi ba Uganda Ssekabaka Mwanga II bwe yafuna obutakkaanya naabagoberezi ba Kristu nga wayise emyaka mitono. Kigambibwa nti yawona okuttibwa kubanga yali yalaga dda nti alina obusobozi obw’enjawulo ng’omuyambi mu ggwanika. Okuva mu 1885 okutuuka mu 1887, obwakabaka bwagwa mu lutalo lw’omunda olw’eddiini ng’ebiwayi by’Abakulisitaayo, Abakatoliki n’Abasiraamu bivuganya ku buyinza. Kagwa, eyali mu myaka amakumi abiri, okuva emabega yali amanyiddwa ng’omukulembeze w’ekiwayi ky’Abakulisitaayo. Ng'omukubi w’emmundu omwegendereza, Kagwa yaweereza nnyo mu kulwana mu ntalo zino. Abasiraamu baawangula mu kitundu ky’olutalo ekyasooka, era Kagwa n’Abakulisitaayo abalala baamala ekiseera mu buwanganguse mu bwakabaka bwa Ankole obwali ku muliraano .

Obwa Katikkiro bwe

Kattikiro Apollo Kaggwa mu mwaka gwa 1893

Ennyumba ya Apollo Kaggwa, eyazimbibwa mu 1903

Ssekabaka Mwanga, eyagobwa mu ntebe okumala akaseera, yazzibwawo mu 1890 ng’ayambibwako Abakulisitaayo, era Kagwa n’amuwa okuba Katikkiro (Ssaabaminisita). Ssekabaka Mwanga yaddamu okugobwa mu ntebe mu 1897 bwe yasalawo okugaana obuyinza bw’abagwira n’alwana olutalo n’Abangereza n'atawangula. Omulangira omuwere, Daudi Chwa, yafuulibwa Kabaka nga Kaggwa y’omu ku bakuza abasatu. Kagwa y’omu ku bateesa ku ndagaano ya Uganda, Buganda mwe yagengendera mu obukuumi bwa Bungereza nga n’obwetwaze obw’omunda obutono.

Endagaano ya Uganda eya 1900 yanyweza amaanyi g’abakulu, oba ‘Abakungu’ okusinga abaali Abakulisitaayo, nga bakulemberwa Kagwa. London yasindika abakungu batono okuddukanya eggwanga, nga okusinga yeesigamye ku ‘Bakungu’. Okumala emyaka egyawera,beebaali basinga kwettanirwa olw’obukugu bwabwe mu by’obufuzi, Obukulisitaayo bwabwe, enkolagana yaabwe ey’omukwano n’Abangereza, obusobozi bwabwe obw’okusolooza emisolo, n’okubeera okumpi n’ekibuga Entebbe (ekibuga ekikulu) kyali kumpi n’ekibuga ekikulu ekya Buganda. Emyaka gya 1920 we gyatuukira abaddukanya Bungereza baali beesiga nnyo, era nga tebalina nnyo bwetaavu bwa buyambi bw'amagye oba mu by’obufuzi. Abafuzi b’amatwale baasolooza omusolo ku birime ebyalimibwanga abakopi abalimi. Waaliwo obutali bumativu mu bantu ba Buganda ku ngeri obukulu gyebwagabibwangamu, kye tusobola okulabira ku bifo ky’abakulembeze baabwe. Mu 1912 Kagwa yasalawo okunyweza obuyinza bwa ‘Bakungu’ bwe yateesa wabeewo ‘Olukiiko’ olw'okubiri mu Buganda nga ye pulezidenti ate ‘Bakungu’ ng’ekika ky’obukulu obw’ensikirano. Abakungu ba Bungereza baawakanya ekirowoozo kino bwe baazuula nti abantu baali bakiwakanya. Abakungu ba Bungereza mu kifo kyekyo baatandika ennongoosereza ezimu ne bagezaako okufuula ‘Lukiko’ olukiiko olukiikirira abantu olutuufu.

Okutambula kwe

Yakyalako e Bungereza mu 1902 mu buyinza bwe nga Katikkiro (Ssaabaminisita), ku mukolo gw'okutuuza Ssekabaka Edward VII ku ntebe, ng’awerekerwako omuwandiisi we, Ham Mukasa .

Ebitabo bye

Kagwa yawandiika ebitabo bingi ebikwata ku Buganda, omuli ebyafaayo eby’awamu, omwali; Bassekabaka ba Buganda, ekiwandiiko ekikwata ku mateeka n’empisa, kye yayita Empisa z’Abaganda n’okukung’aanya enfumo kye yayita Engero z’Abaganda . Ebyafaayo bye ku Buganda mwalimu ebyafaayo ebimpimpi eby’obwakabaka obuliraanyewo obw’e Bunyoro ne Ankole. Ebimu ku bitabo bye bivvuunuddwa mu Lungereza.

Omulimu gwe

Yali muwagizi nnyo w’okussaawo ebyenjigiriza eby’omulembe mu Uganda. Okusingira ddala, yakwatibwa ensonyi olw’ekyo kye yalaba ng’embeera y'abatabani b’abakulembeze b’eggwanga okukula nga boonoonese, okwawukana ku nkuza ey’ekika kya spartan omulembe gwe gye gwafuna okuva mu nkola y’okutendekebwa mu lubiri. Yakolagana n’abaminsani b’eBungereza okutandikawo amasomero g’ekisulo nga King’s College Budo, mu bulambulukufu okukuuma abavubuka abato ab'ebitiibwa obutakula nga boonoonefu.

Mu 1918, yafuulibwa mmemba ow’ekitiibwa mu kibiina kya Order of the British Empire olw’obuweereza mu kusonda n’okutegeka emisolo munda n'abaserikale mu Uganda Protectorate.

Obulamu bwe obw’obuntu

Yazaala abaana 23 nga kuliko Michael Kawalya Kagwa (eyakola nga Katikiro wa Buganda okuva mu 1945 okutuuka mu 1950)

Ebijuliziddwa ku Kaggwa

"... yali Kaggwa okusinga omuntu omulala yenna Mwanga gwe yakyawa. Omulimu gwe ogw'obuntu mu kugwa kwa Mwanga n'olwekyo munene nnyo, nga Mwanga yennyini bwe yalambika mu bbaluwa ezisukka mu emu."

• M. M. Semakula Kiwanuka

"... era nga Nnabakyala Elizabeth I bwe yali awadde omubbi w'oku nnyanja eyali amanyiddwa ennyo nga Francis Drake ekitiibwa ky'obuzira, ne Ssekabaka Edward VII bwe yawa Apolo Kaggwa ekitiibwa ky'obuzira. Sir Francis Drake ne Sir Apolo Kaggwa bombi baali bayizzi era nga baweebwa ekitiibwa olw'ebikolwa byabwe ebikyamu. Francis Drake yatuusanga zzaabu ne ffeeza wa Spain eyabbibwa ate Apolo Kaggwa n'awaayo obwetwaze bwa Buganda."

• Samwiri Lwanga-Lunyiigo, Mwanga II (2011), olupapula 2

"Omukulembeze w'eggwanga owa ddala abakungu ba abungereza gwe baassubira, yali Apolo Kagwa, Ssaabaminisita oba Katikiro. Omulenzi omukungu eyalina enkovu z'obusungu bwa Mwanga avuddemu omukulembeze mu lutalo era omufuzi ow'emirembe ng'amaanyi ge ag'emirembe n'empisa n'Obukristaayo obwa nnamaddala bimuwadde amaanyi amalungi."

• J. D. Mullins,The Wonderful Story of Uganda (1908), olupapula 115.

Ebitabo bye

• Kagwa, Apolo. The customs of the Baganda (Columbia University Press, 1934).
• Kagwa, Apolo. The kings of Buganda (East African Publishing House, 1971).

Okusoma okulala

• Mukasa, Ham. Sir Apolo Kagwa Discovers Britain (Heinemann Educational Books, 1975).

Ensonda ezisookerwako

• Kagwa, S Apolo. Ebiwandiiko n’ebbaluwa ezirondeddwa okuva mu mpapula za Apolo Kagwa ezikung’aanyiziddwa mu tterekero ly’ebitabo erya Makerere College (Makerere University College Library, Photographic Department, 1964).