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Basil Kiiza Bataringaya

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Basil Kiiza Bataringaya
omuntu
Ekikulamusajja Kyusa
Ensi y’obutuuzeYuganda Kyusa
Yazaalibwa nga1927 Kyusa
Olunaku lwe yafa18 Gwamwenda(Mutunda) 1972 Kyusa
Place of deathMbarara City Kyusa
OmwagalwaEdith Mary Bataringaya Kyusa
Omulimumunnabyabufuzi, Minisita Kyusa
Ekifo ky'alimuOmubaka wa Palamenti ya Uganda Kyusa
GyeyasomeraSsettendekero wa Makerere Kyusa
Mmemba w’ekibiina ky’ebyobufuziDemocratic Party (Uganda) Kyusa
 

Basil Kiiza Bataringaya (1927 – 18 Omwezi gwomunaana 1972) yali munnabyabufuzi. omukulembeze era munna Uganda nga ye yali minisita w’ensonga z’omunda mu Uganda okuva mu 1964 okutuuka mu 1971. Yali Mukulembeze w’oludda oluvuganya gavumenti ku ntandikwa ya gavumenti ya Milton Obote, kyokka n’akyusa ebibiina era n’alondebwa ku kifo kya Minisita w’ensonga z’omunda nga yalondebwa eyali omukulembeze we ggwanga Obote. [1] Yasibwa, n'atulugunyizibwa era y'omu ku basibe b'ebyobufuzi abaasooka okuttibwa gavumenti ya Idi Amin . [2]

Obutobwe

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Okuzaalibwa

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Basil Kiiza Bataringaya yazaalibwa mu 1927, mu Ssaza ly’e Igara, mu Disitulikiti y’e Bushenyi mu Uganda ebisela ebyo eyali eyali wansi w’obukuumi bwa Bungereza . [3] Kitaawe yali Marko Kiiza, eyali Katikkiro wa Ssaza mu Bunyaruguru mu kiseera ekyo. [3] A Ssaza yali yenkanankana n'essaza mu njawukana z'obufuzi ezaakatondebwawo oluvannyuma lw'okuyingizibwa kw'Obwakabaka bwa Obwakabaka bwa Ankole nga buli mu Uganda eyali wansi w’obukuumi bwa Bungereza Uganda,ng'ekimu ku ndagaano y'Abaankole eya 1901. [4] Endagaano ya Ankole yateekawo ensalo za Bunyaruguru Ssaza nga "u bukiikakkono-ebugwanjuba yali esalibwako Omugga gwa Dweru Channel; ku buvanjuba Omugga Chambura n’ensalo ezakkirizibwa eza Bunyaruguru–Igara ne Kamsura–Igara; ku bukiikaddyo Omugga Rwenchwera; ate ku bugwanjuba Ennyanja Albert. Kino kyawa kitaawe wa Bataringaya ekifo eky’amaanyi mu bukiikaddyo-ebugwanjuba bwa Uganda mu ntandikwa y’ekyasa eky’amakumi abir .[5]

Okusomakwe

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Bataringaya yasomera mu ttendekero lya St. Leo's College, Kyegobe, essomero lya siniya ery'abalenzi abekisuro nga lyabakaoliki, erisangibwa mu Fort Portal, Disitulikiti y'e Kabarole mu Bugwanjuba bwa Uganda okuva mu 1945 okutuuka mu 1947. [6] Oluvannyuma yasomera mu ttendekero lya Gavumenti elya Teacher Training College of Uganda (TTC) okuva mu 1948 okutuuka mu 1949. [7] Oluvannyuma yegatta ku Yunivasite y'e Makerere,Yunivasite ya Uganda esinga Mubyokusomesa, okuva mu 1953 okutuuka mu 1956. [7] Nga ali ku Yunivasite y’e Makerere, Bataringaya gye yatandikira ebyobufuzi, n’afuuka pulezidenti wa University College Guild okuva nga 1955 okutuuka mu 1956.

Omulimu gwe ogwobusomesa

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Oluvannyuma lw’okutikkirwa mu Yunivasite y’e Makerere, Bataringaya yafuuka omusomesa wa siniya. Yasomesa ku ssomero lya Ntare Secondary School, essomero lya siniya ly'abalenzi bonna erisangibwa e Mbarara, mu Disitulikiti y'e Mbarara, Uganda. [7] Oluvannyuma yafuuka omulabirizi w'amasomero g'Abakatuliki mu Ankole okuva mu 1959 okutuuka mu 1961, bwe yasooka okulondebwa mu Palaamenti ya Uganda . [7]

Omulimu gw’ebyobufuzi

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Gavumenti ey’ekiseera eky’okukyusa obuyinza

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Bataringaya yeesimbawo nga mmemba w'ekibiina kya Democratic Party of Uganda ku kifo ky'ababaka ba Palamenti mu Disitulikiti y'e Ankole mu lukiiko lw'ababaka ba Uganda mu gavumenti ey'enkyukakyuka wakati wa Uganda Protectorate ku mulembe gw'amatwale ne Republic of Uganda mu kulonda okwasooka okwasooka mu ggwanga lyonna okwa Uganda, okulonda kwa bonna okwaliwo mu March 1961 . [8] Bataringaya yafuuka mangu ettutumu mu kibiina kya Democratic Party of Uganda ekyali kifuga gavumenti oluvannyuma lw'okuwangula ebifo 44 ku 82 ebyavuganyizibwako, era Bataringaya yalondebwa okuba Minisita wa Gavumenti ez'ebitundu eyasooka mu gavumenti ya Uganda eyasooka eyeetongodde oluvannyuma lw'amatwale wansi wa Benedicto Kiwanuka . [9]

Omukulembeze w’oludda oluvuganya gavumenti

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Oluvanyuma lw’endagaano ezaakolebwa abakiise ba Uganda anamumunana , okwali ne munnabyabufuzi wa Uganda omututumufu A. G. Mehta, mu lukiiko olwatuula mu lukungaana lwa Ssemateeka mu Omwezigwomwenda 1961 mu kibuga London ekya Bungereza, olukiiko lw’ababaka ba Uganda olwa gavumenti ey’enkyukakyuka wakati wa Uganda eyali wansi w’obukuumi bwa Bungerez ne Republic of Uganda lwafuuka Palaamenti ya Uganda, olwo n’esatululwa mu butongole mu 1962 okulonda kwabona kusobole okubaawo ng 25 Amwezigwokuna 1962, okulonda okwasooka okwakolebwa wansi wa gavumenti ya Uganda eyetongodde ddala. [10] Bataringaya yaddamu okwesimbawo nga mmemba w'ekibiina kya Democratic Party of Uganda muConsituwensi ya'Ankole era n'addamu okulondebwa. Bataringaya yafiirwa ebifo by’obwaminisita olw’okulonda kuno, ng’ekibiina kya Uganda People’s Congress kyawangula ebifo asatumumusanvu ku kinanan mubibiri ne kikola omukago n’ekibiina kya Kabaka Yekka ekyawangula ebifo abirimukimu ku kinana mubibirib, omukago guno omupya ne guwa ebifo ataanomumunana ku kinanamubibiri mu Palaamenti ya Uganda, ne kiggya obuyinza ku kibiina kya Democratic Party of Uganda ekyawangula ebifo abirimubina ku kinanamubibiri era n’ekifuuka ekibiina ekitongole eky’oludda oluvuganya. [11]

Bataringaya yalondebwa okuba Ssaabawandiisi w’ekibiina kya Democratic Party of Uganda mu 1961, era n’afuuka mmemba owa maanyi owokubiri mu kibiina kya Democratic Party oluvannyuma lwa Ssaabaminisita wa gavumenti ey’enkyukakyuka wakati wa Uganda eyali wansi w’obukuumi bwa Bungereza ne Republic of Uganda, Benedicto Kiwanuka . [12] Benedicto Kiwanuka teyeesimbawo ku bwa Palaamenti ya Uganda mu kulonda kwa Uganda okwa bonna 1962 era bwatyo teyalina bisaanyizo bya kufuna bifo bya palaamenti yonna mu gavumenti eyasooka eya Republic of Uganda . [13] Ng'omukiise omukulu mu kibiina kya Democratic Party of Uganda mu Palaamenti ya Uganda, Bataringaya yafuuka Omukulembeze w'oludda oluvuganya gavumenti owookubiri mu , n'adda mu bigere bya ssaabaminisita eyaakalondebwa Apollo Milton Obote, era nga ye mukulembeze w'oludda oluvuganya gavumenti eyasooka mu Republic of Uganda empya . [14]

Ng’omukulembeze w’oludda oluvuganya gavumenti, Bataringaya yakola ng’omubaka omukulu ow’ekibiina kya Democratic Party of Uganda ekyali ng’akizoganya gavumenti ya Apollo Milton Obote ,ekibiina kya Uganda People’s Congress ne gavumenti ya Kabaka Yekka .Bataringaya yalina obuyinza butono ng’omukulembeze w’oludda oluvuganya gavumenti, wabula yakolera mu kiseera kye ng’omukulembeze w’oludda oluvuganya gavumenti mu Uganda okukuuma ababaka b’oludda oluvuganya okukwatibwa, n’okukolalebwako effujjo. [15]Ekikolwa kye ekyasinga obukulu kyali kya kukuuma Vincent Rwamwaro, Omubaka wa Democratic Party ow’ekitundu BBuvanjuba bwa Toro , aleme okukwatibwa; Bataringaya yagamba nti okukwatibwa okwo kwali kukwekuusa kubyobufuzi .[16] Nga 16 Omwezi gwomunaana 1962, omubaka Vincent Rwamwaro yakwatibwa mu maka ge ku ssaawa kuminabiri n'edakiika abiri ezokumakya, ngasibiddwa omuguwa, n’asuulibwa emabega w'emotooka kika kya kapangali, n’asindika obuwale bwe obw’omunda n’engatto zokka mu maaso g’omulamuzi mu kkooti e Nakawa ku misango gy’okulemererwa okusasula omusolo gw’amatikkira, omusango Rwamwaro gwe yeegaanya. [16] Mu ntuula zombi eza Palaamenti ya Uganda nga 19 Omwezigwomwenda 1962 ne 26 Omwezigwomwenda 1962, Bataringaya yayogera bingi ng'annyonnyola omugaso gw'oludda oluvuganya mu gavumenti, ng'anenya okutiisatiisa ab'oludda oluvuganya, era ng'anenya  era ng’avumirira engeri n’obutali bw’amateeka obwakozesebwa mu kukwata Omubaka Vincent Rwamwaro . [16]

Okukyusa kibiina ky’ebyobufuzi ne Gavumenti ya Obote

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Okuva mu kibiina

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Mu kiseera Bataringaya we yabeerera Ssaabawandiisi w’ekibiina kya Democratic Party of Uganda era ng’omukulembeze w’oludda oluvuganya gavumenti era nga ye mmemba w’ekibiina kya Democratic Party eky’oku ntikko mu gavumenti, yalwanagana nnyo n’omukulembeze w’ekibiina era eyali Ssaabaminisita Benedicto Kiwanuka . [14] Kigambibwa nti Bataringaya yalaba Benedicto Kiwanuka ng'omuntu ow'amalala era ng'omulemesa ekibiina kya Democratic Party of Uganda n'okufuba kwabwe okuddamu okufuna obuyinza ng'ekibiina ekisinga obungi mu Palamenti ya Uganda . Bataringaya yagezaako okuwamba gavumenti mu kibiina era n’alina akakiiko akaali kafuga waggulu mu kibiina kya Democratic Party okusaba Kiwanuka ave mu ntebe, kyokka mu kulonda okw’omunda okwaddirira Kiwanuka n’awangula era n’asigala ng’afuga ekibiina kya Democratic Party of Uganda, ekyayongera okusajjula obutakkaanya wakati w’abasajja bano bombi. [3]

Obutakkaanya wakati wa Basil Kiiza Bataringaya ne Benedicto Kiwanuka bwavaako Bataringaya okwegatta ku Uganda People's Congress awamu n'ababaka ba Democratic Party abalala bataano, era kino kye kyali ekikolwa eky'amaanyi ekyasooka mu byafaayo bya Uganda. Ng'oggyeeko obutakkaanya wakati wa Bataringaya ne Benedicto Kiwanuka mu kibiina kya Democratic Party of Uganda, enzikiriza za Bataringaya ez'ebyobufuzi ez'ekigero, okwagala eggwanga, n'okwagala okuweereza eggwanga lye obulungi nabyo byonna byogerwako ng'ensonga lwaki yasalawo okuva mu kibiina kya Democratic Party of Uganda .

Minisita w’Ensonga z’Omunda mu Ggwanga[17]

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Oluvannyuma lwa Bataringaya okuva mu Democratic Party of Uganda n’agenda mu Uganda People’s Congress mu ngeri eyayogerwako nnyo, omukulembeze wa Uganda People’s Congress era Ssaabaminisita Apollo Milton Obote yamuwa empeera ng’amulonda okuba Minisita omuggya ow’Ensonga z’Omunda mu Ggwanga mu Uganda. [18]

Bataringaya yafuna mangu obwesige bwa Ssaabaminisita Apollo Milton Obote, era n'afuna ekifo mu kibinja kya Obote eky'abawi b'amagezi abeesigwa era n'afuna obuvunaanyizibwa bungi ng'omu ku baminisita abasinga amaanyi mu gavumenti ya Obote . Bataringaya yatambula ensi yonna, n'akiikirira Uganda ng yakyalako Amerika n'okukyalira Disneyland e Anaheim, California ne mukyala we Edith Mary Bataringaya eyakulembera olukiiko lwa Ugandan Council for Women . [19] Era yakiikirira gavumenti ya Uganda mu mawulire g'ensi yonna oluvannyuma lw'okuwambibwa Brian Lea, munnamawulire Omuzungu eyawambibwa mu Uganda mu 1970. [20] Ng'Omukatoliki ow'amaanyi eyenyigira mu kuddukanya emirimu, Bataringaya era yakola ng'omukwanaganya wakati w'Eklezia Katolika eya Uganda n'enfuga y'Obote, n'ayamba okuggulawo amalwaliro g'Abakatoliki n'amasomero g'Abakatoliki mu kiseera kyonna Uganda . [21]

Era ng’omu ku baminisita abataano Obote be yali yeesiga, Bataringaya ye yali avunaanyizibwa ku kuzikiza ebizibu bingi mu kiseera kyonna kye yamala nga Minisita w’ensonga z’omunda . Ekimu ku bizibu ng'ebyo kyali kizibu kya Buganda ekya 1966, amagye ga Uganda agaduumirwa Idi Amin mwe gaalumba Lubiri ne gawang'angusa Kabaka wa Buganda, Mutesa II owa Buganda, oluvannyuma lwa palamenti y'ekitundu kya Buganda okukuba akalulu okuyimiriza Buganda okuyingizibwa mu Uganda, bwe kityo ne kiviirako Obote ne Bataringaya okugatta Uganda nga bakozesa amaanyi ne basindika Mutesa II owa Buganda mu buwanganguse mu Amerika Obwakabaka nga buyita mu Burundi . [22] Enkozesa eno ey’amagye yavumirira era n’ayolekagana n’okuziyizibwa, era Bataringaya n’atwala omusango omungi ng’omuteeka mu nkola ekizibu kino era omutemu w’abawagizi ba Buganda Kabaka abalala abawerako. [3]

Idi Amin n'okugwa kwe

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Okugezaako Okukwata Amin

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Idi Amin, omusirikale wa Uganda eyakulembera okuwamba gavumenti okwawangula gavumenti ya Apollo Milton Obote era n’afuuka Pulezidenti ow’okusatu owa Uganda, ye yafuuka ensibuko y’okuggwaawo kw’omulimu gwa politiki gwa Basil Kiiza Bataringaya era oluvannyuma n’aleetera n’okufa kwe.. Enjawukana yabalukawo wakati wa Idi Amin ne Pulezidenti Apollo Milton Obote eyayongera okusajjuka Idi Amin okwenyigira mu lutalo lw'omunda mu Sudan eyasooka okuva ku nkambi ya Idi Amin mu kitundu kya West Nile mu Uganda n'ebigambibwa nti Amin yali awagira okugezaako okutta Obote mu 1969, enjawukana eyatuuka n'okuviirako Obote okuggya Amin ku kifo kye nga omuduumizi w'amagye gonna aga Uganda eri omuduumizi w'amagye ga Uganda . [23]

Idi Amin yalabibwa ng’omuntu ow’obulabe eri gavumenti ya Obote, era Apollo Milton Obote yalina Basil Kiiza Bataringaya okuteekebwa ku buvunaanyizibwa bw’okugezaako okukwata Amin mu nkukutu mu ssaawa esembayo . [24] Pulezidenti Obote yagenda mu lukungaana olwatuula mu January 1971 ne Katikkiro wa Bungereza ow'ekibiina kya Conservative Edward Heath ng'ali wamu n'abakulembeze ba Afrika abalala nga Pulezidenti Julius Nyerere owa Tanzania ne Pulezidenti Kenneth Kaunda owa Zambia okumalamu Ssaabaminisita Heath amaanyi okuggyawo envumbo Bungereza gye yalina ku kuguza gavumenti y'obusosoze mu mawanga mu South Afrika emmundu . [25] Bwe yali eyo, Obote yategedde ku kaweefube omulala Amin gwe yagezaako okutta obulamu bwe, era n’awa Basil Bataringaya omulimu gw’okukulembera akakiiko ‘akatta abantu’ akaatuuka n’okutandika okukwata Amin. [25] Nga 24 January 1971 Bataringaya yagezaako okukozesa Poliisi y'eggwanga lya Uganda okulumba Command Post ya Amin e Kololo mu Kampala n'akwata Amin ku misango egyekuusa ku kugezaako okutta omuntu ne kkooti y'amagye mu 1969 olw'okukozesa obubi ssente z'amagye . [24] Amin yategeera enteekateeka eno ng'ayita mu bakessi mu gavumenti ya Obote, n'oluvannyuma n'atandika okuwamba gavumenti mu kiro ekyo, n'aggyawo gavumenti ya Obote nga 25 January 1971 n'asiba Bataringaya. [24]

Okukwatibwa n’okusibwa

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Bataringaya y’omu ku Bannayuganda abaasooka okusibirwa gavumenti empya eya Idi Amin . Mu wiiki eyaddirira Idi Amin okuwamba gavumenti, Amin yagoba baminisita ba gavumenti ya Obote bonna kyokka teyasiba muntu yenna mu mangu okuggyako Bataringaya. [26] Nga 28 January 1971, nga wayise ennaku ssatu bukya kuwamba gavumenti, Idi Amin yaleeta abasibe b'ebyobufuzi ataano mu bataano abaali basibiddwa gavumenti ya Apollo Milton Obote ku kisaawe ky'ennyonyi Entebbe n'abasumulula, ate n'aleeta Bataringaya ku mukolo guno mu Jeep y'amagye ng'akuumibwa n'emmundu, era ye yali omusibe w'ebyobufuzi yekka ataasumululwa wadde nga Amin yagamba nti "te weetaaga." okutya obukuumi bwammwe okuva gavumenti empya lw'eyagala okugatta Bannayuganda okusinga ekintu ekirala kyonna". [27] Bataringaya yabuuzibwa Amin mu buntu, nga kirabika gye yabikkula abaserikale abalala abaali bakola okukwata Amin nga 24 January 1971.

Okufa

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Bwe yali mu kaduukulu, Bataringaya yatulugunyizibwa era n’asibibwa mu kkomera e Makindye . [28] Olwo Bataringaya n’asindikibwa ku njegoyego z’ekibuga Mbarara, gye baamutema ebitundu by’omubiri nga mulamu. [29] Olwo omutwe gwe ogwasalibwako ne guteekebwa ku kikondo, ne gugenda nga gugenda okwetooloola ekibuga Mbarara okutuusa lwe gwatuuka n’okwolesebwa mu bbaalakisi y’e Mbarara . [30] Ekifaananyi ky'abajaasi ba Amin nga bakulembedde Bataringaya ku Jeep y'amagye okutuuka ku kuttibwa kwe kyakwatibwa ne kisaasaanyizibwa, ekimu ku bifaananyi ebitono ebikyaliwo ebiraga obukakafu nti Idi Amin atta abavuganya mu byobufuzi.

Amangu ddala nga Bataringaya amaze okuttibwa, n’ekibinja kye eky’obwesigwa eky’abaali bakolagana nabo kyattibwa, nga muno mwe mwali Tibayunga, Katuramu, Rubashoka, Bekunda, Kanyonyore, Kibeherere, Rukare, Bitarisha, Kabaterine, Kanisi, ne Marengane. [30] Edith Mary Bataringaya, mukyala wa Bataringaya era eyali akulira ekibiina ekigatta abakyala ekya Uganda Council of Women, yattibwa mu 1977 mu kiseera we yalongoosebwa oluvannyuma Idi Amin, nga kigambibwa nti yattibwa mu mikono gya Juma Bashir, Gavana w'essaza ly'amaserengeta ga Uganda . [29] Oluvannyuma omulambo gwe ogwayokebwa gwasangiddwa ku ttaka e Mbarara erya famire ya Bataringaya. [21]

Obulamu bw’amaka n’obw’obuntu

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Obufumbo ne Edith Mary Bataringaya

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Basil Kiiza Bataringaya yawasa Edith Mary Bataringaya, eyakola ennyo mu bulamu bwe n’ebyobufuzi mu Uganda. Edith Mary Bataringaya yazaalibwa Edith Mary Kaijuka mu kibuga Kabale mu Bugwanjuba mu matwale ga Uganda, era nga muwala wa Revulandi Kaijuka asibuka ku lusozi Bugongi. [31] Edith Mary Bataringaya yatambulanga nnyo ne bba ku lugendo lwe olw’ensi yonna ng’akiikirira Uganda ebweru w’eggwanga, ng’agenda naye mu Amerika. Edith Mary Bataringaya era yatandikawo ekibiina ky'abakyala ekya Uganda Women's Union ne Uganda Council of Women ng'ali wamu ne Rhoda Kalema ne Theresa Mbire. [32] Edith Mary Bataringaya yagenda mu maaso n'emirimu gya bba n'Eklezia Katolika mu Uganda oluvannyuma lw'okuttibwa kwa Basil Kiiza Bataringaya. [21] Edith Mary Bataringaya yatuuka n'okwokebwa nga mulamu era n'attibwa gavumenti ya Amin, nga kigambibwa nti yattibwa mu mikono gya Juma Bashir Gavana w'essaza ly'amaserengeta ga Uganda . [29]

Amaka

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Basil Kiiza ne Edith Mary Bataringaya baazaala abaana munaana okuli Dr. Grace Bataringaya, Kenneth Bataringaya, Winifred Bataringaya, Dr. Jacqueline Bataringaya, Janette Bataringaya, Dr. Juliet Bataringaya, Dr. Geoffrey Basil Bataringaya ne Dr. Aisha Bataringaya-Sekalala. Abaana bano baafuuka bamulekwa mu 1977 ng’abazadde bombi battibwa gavumenti ya Amin . Muganda wa Edith Mary Bataringaya, Dr. Emmanuel Kaijuka oluvannyuma eyakola nga kaminsona w’ebyobulamu mu Uganda, ye yakuza abaana abaali bakyali bato nga bamulekwa oluvannyuma lw’okuttibwa kwa bazadde baabwe. [33] Mu 1985, abaana omunaana baddamu okukwatagana omulundi ogwasooka bukya nnyaabwe attibwa mu kabuga k’e Muyenga, mu Uganda. [33] Abaana baabwe bonna baagenda mu maaso n’emirimu egy’obuwanguzi okuva mu 2003: Grace Bataringaya musawo w’ebisolo era maneja w’emikolo, Kenneth Bataringaya musuubuzi addukanya ekibanja ky’amaka, Dr. Jacqueline Bataringaya musawo wa Action Aid ng’akolera mu Harare, Zimbabwe, Janette Bataringaya akola mu Public Health e Boston, Massachusetts mu Amerika, Dr. Juliet Bataringaya musawo akolera mu kitongole ky’ebyobulamu mu nsi yonna, era Dr. Aisha Bataringaya-Sekalala (née Bataringaya) yali asoma mu yunivasite y’e Western Cape mu South Africa. [33]

Ebirowoozo ku by’eddiini

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Bataringaya yali Mukatoliki era nga yeenyigira mu Eklezia Katolika mu Uganda ekiseera kyonna kye yamala mu kusoma n’ebyobufuzi. Bataringaya yasomera mu ssomero ly’Abakatoliki ku St. Leo’s College, Kyegobe mu Tooro, era okukkakkana ng’addukanya amasomero g’Abakatuliki gonna mu kitundu kya Ankole nga tannayingira byabufuzi. [7] Bataringaya era yakola ng’omukwanaganya wakati w’Eklezia Katolika mu Uganda ne gavumenti ya Uganda nayo, ng’akolagana n’Eklezia Katolika mu Uganda okuzimba amasomero n’amalwaliro mu Uganda yonna . [21]

Ebijuliziddwa

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  1. ↑ Glentwood, Garth; Hancock, Ian (July 1973). "Obote and Amin: Change and Continuity in Modern Uganda Politics". African Affairs. Oxford University Press on behalf of The Royal African Society. 72 (288): 237–255. doi:10.1093/oxfordjournals.afraf.a096383. JSTOR 719846.
  2. ↑ Decker, Alicia C. (15 November 2014). In Idi Amin's Shadow: Women, Gender, and Militarism in Uganda (in Lungereza). Ohio University Press. ISBN 9780821445020. Archived from the original on 12 January 2019.
  3. 1 2 3 4 Vision Reporter (7 March 2012). "Basil Bataringaya, the father of opposition cross-overs". New Vision. Archived from the original on 12 January 2019. Retrieved 8 January 2019.
  4. ↑ Lubega, Henry (17 July 2017). "Two-century expansion of Ankole comes to a close". The Daily Monitor. Archived from the original on 12 January 2019. Retrieved 8 January 2019.
  5. ↑ "The Ankole Agreement 1901" (PDF). 1901. Archived from the original (PDF) on 12 January 2019.
  6. ↑ Wilson, E. G. (1966). Who's Who in East Africa 1965–1966. Nairobi, Kenya: Marco Publishers.
  7. 1 2 3 4 5 Who's Who in East Africa 1967–1968. Nairobi, Kenya: Marco Publishers. 1968. Cite error: Invalid <ref> tag; name ":1" defined multiple times with different content.
  8. ↑ Okello, Isaac (2016). "A look at the History of Uganda's Parliament". Parliament Watch Your Eye on Parliament. Archived from the original on 9 January 2019.
  9. ↑ Samuel (8 June 2015). "Ugandan Personalities through the years from 1962". Eagle Online. Archived from the original on 26 April 2018. Retrieved 8 January 2019.
  10. ↑ "History of Parliament". Parliament of the Republic of Uganda. Archived from the original on 9 January 2019. Retrieved 8 January 2019.
  11. ↑ Nohlen, D, Krennerich, M & Thibaut, B (1999) Elections in Africa: A data handbook, p934 Template:ISBN
  12. ↑ Africa South of the Sahara (in Lungereza). Europa Publications. 1971. ISSN 0065-3896. OCLC 1087495. {{cite journal}}: Missing or empty |title= (help)
  13. ↑ Kalyegira, Timothy (18 October 2016). "Tracing Democratic Party's 62-year journey". Daily Monitor. Archived from the original on 12 February 2018.
  14. 1 2 Mazrui, Ali (Summer 1970). "Leadership in Africa: Obote of Uganda". International Journal. Canadian International Council. 25 (3): 538–564. doi:10.1177/002070207002500306. JSTOR 40200856. S2CID 146859194.
  15. ↑ Lubega, Henry (11 March 2018). "Uganda's political defections over the past 50 years". The Daily Monitor. Archived from the original on 9 January 2019. Retrieved 8 January 2019.
  16. 1 2 3 "Trials of Uganda's opposition MPs since 'Uhuru'". The Citizen. 3 October 2018. Archived from the original on 4 October 2018.
  17. ↑ Seftel, Adam (1994). Uganda: the rise and fall of Idi Amin: from the pages of Drum (in Lungereza). Bailey's African Photo Archives Production. ISBN 9780958384667. Archived from the original on 12 January 2019.
  18. ↑ "Uganda politician Basil K. Bataringaya and wife, Edith Mary with Mr. and Mrs. Frank Klock at Disneyland, 1964". Los Angeles Times Photographs Collection. University of the City of Los Angeles. 1964. Archived from the original on 12 January 2019. Retrieved 9 January 2019.
  19. ↑ "Briton Is Found in Uganda". The New York Times (in American English). Reuters. 5 May 1970. ISSN 0362-4331. Archived from the original on 12 January 2019. Retrieved 10 January 2019.
  20. ↑ Stokes, Brigid. Memories. Mbarara, Uganda: Daughters of Mary and Joseph.
  21. 1 2 3 4 Kavuma-Kaggwa, JM (15 November 2013). "Tracing The Life And Legacy of Sir Edward Muteesa II". The Independent (Uganda). Archived from the original on 9 October 2014. Retrieved 6 October 2014. Cite error: Invalid <ref> tag; name ":9" defined multiple times with different content.
  22. ↑ "General Idi Amin overthrows Ugandan government". British Council. 2 February 1971. Archived from the original on 25 February 2007. Retrieved 8 August 2009.
  23. ↑ Mugabe, Faustin (12 March 2016). "How Bataringaya risked to arrest Amin". The Daily Monitor. Archived from the original on 10 January 2019.
  24. 1 2 3 Nyeko-Jones, Jennifer (7 September 2011). The Silent Sunset: A Daughter's Memoir (in Lungereza). AuthorHouse. ISBN 9781456788964.
  25. 1 2 Borders, William (31 January 1971). "New Ugandan Regime Accuses Sudan Of an Invasion and Warns Her to Stop". The New York Times (in American English). ISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved 10 January 2019.
  26. ↑ "Uganda's New Ruler Releases 55 Political Prisoners". The New York Times (in American English). 29 January 1971. ISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved 10 January 2019.
  27. ↑ Decker, Alicia C. (15 November 2014). In Idi Amin's Shadow: Women, Gender, and Militarism in Uganda (in Lungereza). Ohio University Press. ISBN 9780821445020.
  28. ↑ Mutibwa, Phares Mukasa (1992). Uganda Since Independence: A Story of Unfulfilled Hopes (in Lungereza). Africa World Press. ISBN 9780865433571.
  29. 1 2 3 "Amin's Death Roll". Transition. Indiana University Press on behalf of the Hutchins Center for African and African American Research at Harvard University. 49 (49): 17–27. 1975. JSTOR 2934890. Cite error: Invalid <ref> tag; name ":10" defined multiple times with different content.
  30. 1 2 Mulera, Muniini K (17 April 2016). "Kihanga Boys Primary School: Remembering my headmasters, my teachers and the buildings". Mulera's Fireplace. Archived from the original on 10 January 2019. Cite error: Invalid <ref> tag; name ":11" defined multiple times with different content.
  31. ↑ "A group of Ugandans in Israel during the 1967 war!". Ugandans at Heart. 12 February 2014. Archived from the original on 10 January 2019.
  32. ↑ Ssali, Henry H (10 June 2003). "Uganda: Bataringaya Legacy Outlives Amin's Evil". The Monitor. Retrieved 10 January 2019 – via All Africa.
  33. 1 2 3 Cite error: Invalid <ref> tag; no text was provided for refs named ":12".
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