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David Kato

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David Kato Kisule ( c. 1964 – 26 Ogwolubereberye, 2011) [1] Yali Munnayuganda omusomesa era omulwanirizi w'eddembe ly'aba LGBT, nga atwalibwa nga taata w'ekibiina kya Uganda ekilwanirira eddembe ly'abasajja abali b'ebisiyaga [2] era nga ayogerwako nga "Munnayuganda omusajja omuli w'ebisiyaga eyasooka okuvaayo mu lwatu". [3] Yakolanga ng’omukungu avunaanyizibwa ku kubunyisa amawulire mu kibiina ekirwanirira eddembe ly'asosolwa olw'ebikula byabwe ekya Sexual Minorities Uganda (SMUG).

Kato yatemulwa mu maka ge nga 26 Ogwolubereberye, 2011, nga waakayita akaseera katono ng’awangudde omusango gwe yawawaabira magazini emu eyali efulumizza erinnya lye n’ekifaananyi kye ng’emulaga nti musajja muli w'abisiyaga ng’esaba attibwe. [4]

Obuvo bwe

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Yazaalibwa mu kika kya Kisule ku kyalo kya bajjajjaabwe e Nakawala, Namataba Town Council, mu Disitulikiti y'e Mukono, yafuna erinnya "Kato" kubanga mulongo. [5] Yasomerako ku King's College Budo ne Kyambogo University era yasomesa mu masomero ag'enjawulo omuli Nile Vocational Institute e Njeru okumpi ne Jinja . Wano we yategeerera obwagazi bwe era oluvannyuma n’agobwa nga talina ky'afunye kyonna mu 1991. Oluvannyuma, yavaayo n’agamba muganda we ow’amabaale John Malumba Wasswa. [1]

Yafuluma eggwanga n'agenda okusomessa mu Johannesburg, South Africa okumala emyaka emitonotono mu kiseera ky'enkyukakyuka okuva mu busosoze bw'abazungu okudda mu demokulasiya ow'amawanga gonna, n'akwatibwako olw'enkomerero y'obusosoze obwalimu kuwera ebisiyaga n'okulaakulanya eddembe ly'aba LGBT mu South Africa . Bwe yakomawo mu Uganda mu 1998, yasalawo okwatula mu lujjudde ng’ayita mu lukung’aana lwa bannamawulire; yakwatibwa n’akuumirwa mu kaduukulu ka poliisi okumala wiiki nnamba olw’ekikolwa kino. Yagenda mu maaso n’okukuuma enkolagana n’abavubuka abawagira LGBT ebweru w’eggwanga, era akulira kkampuni ya LGEP, ayitibwa Phumzile S. Mtetwa oluvannyuma n’ayogera nti yali aganza Kato bwe yali mu lukungaana lw’ensi yonna olwa ILGA mu 1999. [6]

Essomero lya St Herman Nkoni Boys Primary School bwe lyatandikibwawo mu 2002, mu Ssaza ly'ekereziya Katolika ery'e Masaka ( Disitulikiti y’e Masaka ), Kato yalyegattako. [7]

Okwenyigira kwe mu SMUG

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Kato yeenyigira nnyo mu kibiina kya ekilwanirira edembe ly'aba LGBT mu Uganda, ekyali eky'ekyama, okukkakkana ng’afuuse omu ku baatandikawo ekitongole kya SMUG nga 3 Ogwokusatu, 2004.

Okusinziira ku bubaka obw'ekyama obwawandiikibwa omukungu wa Amerika eyali asinziira mu Kampala oluvannyuma ne bufulumizibwa WikiLeaks, Kato yayogera mu lukungaana lw’okwebuuza ku ddembe ly’obuntu olwatuula mu Gwekkuminoogumu gwa 2009 olwavuggirirwa ekibiina ky’Amawanga Amagatte. Mu lukungaana luno, Kato yayogera ku nsonga y’eddembe ly’aba LGBT n’embeera eri mu Uganda ey’okulwanyisa abantu bano. Abakiise ku kakiiko k'eddembe ly'obuntu mu Uganda "baasaaga mu lwatu n'okuseka" mu kwogera kuno. [8]

Olugambo lwasaasaana nti omubaka wa Palamenti David Bahati, eyali asinga okuwagira ebbago ly’etteeka Erikugira Ebisiyaga, yalagira omuduumizi wa poliisi okukwata Kato, ekyaviirako Kato n’abalala abaali mu lukungaana lwa SMUG okuluvaamu amangu ddala ng’amalirizza okwogera. Olwo Bahati n'akola "okwogera okwali kuwakanya ebisiyaga mu lujudde" mu lukungaana olwo, ekyavaamu kwali kukubirwa mu ngalo abaaliwo era Martin Ssempa, omusumba w'abalokole, n'amuwa ekijjulo okulaga nti akkiriziganya naye. [8]

Mu mwaka gwa 2010, Kato yali avudde ku mulimu gwe ogw’obusomesa w'omussomero okusobola okussa essira ku mirimu gye ne SMUG okusinziira ku byaliwo mu bbago lya Uganda erikugira ebisiyaga. [1] Oluvannyuma Kato yaweebwa obuyambi bwa mwaka gumu mu kitongole kya Center for Applied Human Rights ekisangibwa mu Yunivasite y’e York mu Bungereza, ekifo ekiwa obuyambi eri abalwanirizi b’eddembe ly’obuntu abali mu bulabe era abali mu matigga ng’okuwummuzibwa okuva ku kabi ke babaamu mu nsi zaabwe. [9]

Omusango gwa Rolling Stone

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Kato y’omu ku bantu 100 amannya gaabwe n’ebifaananyi byabwe ebyafulumizibwa mu Gwekkumi gwa 2010 mu olupapula lw’amawulire olwa Uganda Rolling Stone mu kiwandiiko ekyasaba battibwe ng’abali b'ebisiyaga. Kato n’aba SMUG abalala babiri nga nabo baawandiikibwa mu kiwandiiko kino – Kasha Nabagesera ne Pepe Julian Onziema – baawawaabira olupapula luno okulukaka okulekera awo okufulumya amannya n’ebifaananyi by’abantu be lulowooza nti bali ba bisiyaga abakazi oba abasajja. Ebifaananyi byafulumizibwa wansi w'omutwe ogugamba nti "Mu bawanike ku kalabba" [10] [4] era nga kuliko ne endagiriro z'abwe ku buli ssekinnoomu. [11]

Okusaba kuno kwakkirizibwa nga 2 November 2010, mu butuufu ne kusalawo okukomya okufulumya ekitabo kya Rolling Stone . [11][12]Giles Muhame nga ye mutereeza w'ebiwandiikibwa mu mawulire, yakyogera bwati: "Sirabye kiragiro kya kkooti, naye olutalo olw'okulwanyisa abali b'ebisiyaga lulina era lujja kweyongerayo". Tulina okutaasa abaana baffe ku bikolwa bino ebikyafu eby'ebisiyaga.[12] Nga 3 Ogwolubereberye 2011, omulamuzi wa Kkooti Enkulu V. F. Kibuuka Musoke yasalawo nti okufulumya enkalala za Rolling Stone, n'okukuma omuliro mu bantu okukola effujjo, byatiisatiisa eddembe erisookerwako erya Kato n'abalala " eddembe ery'okubeera n'ekitiibwa;" yalumba n'eddembe lyabwe mu ssemateeka ery'obulamu obw'ekyama; era ne batyoboola. [13] Kkooti yalagira olupapula lw’amawulire okusasula Kato n’abawawaabira abalala babiri USh 1.5M buli omu (nga doola za Amerika 600 webwatuukira mu Gwokutaano, 2012). [13]

Okutemulwa kwe

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Nga 26 Ogwolubereberye 2011, ku ssaawa nga munaana ez'emisana (11:00 UTC), oluvannyuma lw’okwogera ku ssimu ne mmemba wa SMUG Julian Pepe Onziema essaawa ntono emabega, Kato yatemulwa omusajja eyamukuba ennyondo emirundi ebiri ku mutwe mu maka ge e Bukusa, mu Kabuga k'e Mukono [14]. Olwo omusajja ono n’addukira ku bigere. Oluvannyuma Kato yafa ng'atwalibwa mu ddwaaliro ekkulu e Kawolo. Banne baagamba nti Kato yali ayogedde ku kweyongera kw’okutiisibwatiisibwa n’okutulugunyizibwa okuva lwe baawangula omusango mu kkooti, era balowooza nti ekikula kye n’okulwanirira eddembe lye bye byamuviirako okuttibwa. [14]

Joe Oloka-Onyango, eyakolagana ne Kato ku musango gwa kkooti, yagamba nti, "Kino ekintu kyewuunyisa nnyo okubaawo mu ttuntu, era kyetaagisa kwefumiitirizaako." [14] Okusinziira ku alipoota z'amawulire ga The New York Times ne Sydney Morning Herald, ebibuuzo byali bibuuzibwa ku ky'ettemu eryo okwekuusa ku kikula kya Kato. Ekitongole kya Human Rights Watch ne Amnesty International byombi byasaba okunoonyereza okw’obwegendereza era okutaliimu kyekubiira ku musango ogwo, n’okukuuma abalwanirizi b’ebisiyaga. [10] James Nsaba Buturo, Minisita w'Empisa n'Obwesimbu mu Uganda, ali ku likodi ng'alangirira nti "Abasiyazi basobola okwerabira eddembe ly'obuntu". [2]

Abaakwatibwa

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Omwogezi wa poliisi mu ntandikwa ettemu lino yalinenyeza babbi abaali bagambibwa okutta abantu abatakka wansi wa 10 mu kitundu kino mu myezi ebiri egyali giyise. Poliisi yakwata omutemu omu, eyali avuga Kato, [15] era nga banoonya owookubiri. [16] Nga 2 Ogwokubiri 2011, poliisi yalangirira okukwatibwa kwa Nsubuga Enoch, ng’egamba nti yali akkirizza ettemu lino. Omwogezi wa poliisi yayogera ku Enoch nga "omubbi amanyiddwa ennyo" era omulimi mu kitundu, kyokka n'ategeeza ku kigendererwa kya Enoch ekigambibwa nti, "Tebwali bunyazi era si lwakuba nti Kato yali mulwanirizi w'addembe. Bwali butakkaanya bwa buntu era siyinza kwogera kisingako awo." [15]

Ensonda mu poliisi yalumiriza ekitongole kya Uganda Monitor nti Enoch yatta Kato kubanga Kato yali tagenda kumusasula ssente oluvannyuma lw'okwegatta naye, [17] okulumiriza okwo kwaddibwamu omubaka wa Uganda mu Belgium mu bbaluwa gye yawandiikira Pulezidenti wa Palamenti ya Bulaaya Jerzy Buzek . [18] Omubaka wa Uganda oluvannyuma yaddamu okukyusamu ku byali mu bbaluwa gye yawandiikira Palamenti ya Bulaaya, ng'ategeeza nti Kato emabegako yali yasasula "malaaya ye" okuyimbulwa okuva mu kkomera, kyokka yamulumba olw'okugaana okusasula ssente z'okwegatta naye. [18]

Okusingisibwa omusango

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Oluvannyuma lw’okulabibwa abatuuze b’e Nakabago mu disitulikiti y’e Mukono, Sidney Nsubuga Enoch yakwatibwa, n’avunaanibwa mu kkooti enkulu e Mukono omuwaabi wa gavumenti omukulu, ayitibwa Loe Karungi. Yasalirwa ekibonerezo kya myaka 30 ng’akola emirimu egy’amaanyi, nga yasalirwa omulamuzi Joseph Mulangira, ku Lwokuna nga 10 Ogwekkuminoogumu, 2011. Ekigendererwa ekirabika kyali kya kunyaga. [19]

Okuziikibwa kwe

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Okuziika Kato kwaliwo nga 28 Ogwolubereberye 2011, e Nakawala. Abaziisi kwaliko famire, emikwano gyabwe ne banne abalwanirirzi b'eddembe, bangi ku bo baayambala amasaati agaaliko ekifaananyi kye mu maaso, emabega nga kuliko ekigambo ky'Oluportugal ekigamba nti "la [sic] luta continua" ne langi za musoke ku mikono. [20] Omubuulizi Omukristaayo mu kuziika – omusumba w’Abakulisitaayo Thomas Musoke – yabuulira nga avumirira ebisiyaga abakazi n'abasajja abaaliwo, ng’abageraageranya ku Sodomu ne Ggomorra, nga bannakyewa tebannadduka ku kituuti ne bamukwata akazindaalo, ne bamuwaliriza okudda emabega okuva ku kituuti okutuuka ewa kitaawe wa Kato. [21]

Omukyala omulwanirizi w'eddembe atategeerekeka mannya yayomba mu busungu nti "Ggwe ani okusalira abalala omusango?" era abatuuze b’oku kyalo badda ku ludda lw’omubuulizi era waaliwo okusika omuguwa nga okubuulira kugenda mu maaso. Abatuuze ku kyalo bagaana okuziika Kato mu kifo we yalina okuziikibwa. Olwo omulimu guno ne gukolebwa mikwano gye ne beyali akola nabo. [21] Mu kifo ky’omubuulizi eyagenda oluvannyuma lw'okuyomba, omulabirizi w’ekkanisa ya Uganda Christopher Senyonjo eyagobebwa mu kkanisa yeeyakulemberamu emikolo gy’okuziika Kato mu maaso g’emikwano ne kkamera.

Reactions and tributes

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Ettemu lino ly'avumirirwa ekitongole kya Human Rights Watch, [22] ng'omunoonyereza omukulu mu Afrika Maria Burnett bw'agattako nti "Okufa kwa David Kato kufiirwa kwa nnaku eri abalwanirizi b'eddembe ly'obuntu." Ekitongole kya Amnesty International kyategeezezza nti "kyewuunya nnyo ettemu ery'entiisa erya David Kato," era ne kisaba wabeewo okunoonyereza okwesigika era okutaliimu kyekubiira ku butemu bwe. [23] Bombi era baasaba gavumenti ya Uganda okukuuma abalwanirizi b’eddembe ly’abasajja n’abakazi abalala. [14]

Pulezidenti wa Amerika Barack Obama, [24] Minisita wa Amerika ow’ensonga z’ebweru Hillary Clinton n’ekitongole ky’ensonga z’ebweru, [25] [26] n’omukago gwa Bulaaya nabo baavumirira ettemu lino era ne basaba ab’obuyinza mu Uganda okunoonyereza ku musango guno n’okuvumirira abatuusa pbulabe ku bantu abo n'okutya okuvaayo mu bantu. "Nnakuwadde nnyo oluvannyuma lw'okumanya ku ttemu lino," Obama yagamba nti. "David yalaga obuvumu obw'amaanyi mu kwogera ku bukyayi. Yali muvujjirizi wa maanyi nnyo ow'obwenkanya n'eddembe." [27]

Rowan Williams, the Anglican Archbishop of Canterbury, spoke on behalf of the Anglican Communion, "Effujjo nga lino [nga okufa kwa David Kato] libadde livumirira buli kiseera ekibiina kya Anglican Communion mu nsi yonna. Omukolo guno era gwongera okukifuula eky'amangu ennyo Gavumenti ya Bungereza okukuuma obukuumi bw'abanoonyi b'obubudamu aba LGBT mu Bungereza. Kano kaseera ka kutwala sipiidi ya maanyi nnyo era." okukola ku ndowooza ezo ez'ebirowoozo eziteeka obulamu bw'abasajja n'abakazi mu kabi abali mu bibiina ebitono eby'okwegatta." [28]

Ku bigambibwa nti olupapula lwe lwe lwakola mu butemu buno, omuwandiisi wa Rolling Stone, Giles Muhame yategeezezza nti "Bwe twayita abantu abagaala ebisiyaga okuwanika ku kalabba, twali tutegeeza ... nga bamaze okuyita mu nkola y'amateeka ... saasaba battibwe mu musaayi omunnyogovu nga ye." Kyokka yategeeza nti, "Sirina kye nnejjusa ku mboozi eno. Twali twakabikkula bantu abaali bakola ebikyamu."

Mu Spring 2011, Boston 's American Repertory Theatre and System of a Down 's Serj Tankian baawaayo pulodyusoni yaabwe eya Prometheus Bound eri Kato n'abavubuka abalala musanvu, nga bagamba mu pulogulaamu notes nti "nga bayimba emboozi ya Prometheus, Katonda eyajeemera omutyobooli Zeus ng'awa olulyo lw'omuntu omuliro n'ebifaananyi, pulodyusoni eno esuubira okuwa eddoboozi eri abo abaliwo mu kiseera kino." okusirisibwa oba okuli mu katyabaga k'okusaanawo olw'abanyigiriza ab'omulembe guno". [29]

Omukolo gwa Gay Pride ogwabadde mu kibuga York ekya Bungereza ogwategekebwa nga 30 July 2011 gwajjukira Kato. Eddakiika emu yasirise era ebikumi n'ebikumi by'obupiira obwa langi y'omusota ne bufulumizibwa okumujjukira omubaka wa Palamenti owa York Central Hugh Bayley ne Lord Mayor wa York .

Engule ya David Kato Vision & Voice Award yatandikibwawo mu kumujjukira. Omuwala eyaweebwa ekirabo kino mu 2012, omulwanirizi w’eddembe ly’aba LGBTQ ow’e Jamaica Maurice Tomlinson, yalangirirwa nga 14 December 2011 era n’aweebwa nga 29 January 2012 mu kibuga London. Ebibiina ebigenda okwetaba mu mpaka zino mulimu Global Forum on MSM & HIV (MSMGF), Sexual Minorities Uganda (SMUG), Ekibiina ky’ensi yonna ekigatta abazadde abategekeddwa (IPPF), GIZ – Deutsche Gesellschaft für Internationale Zusammenarbeit, Herbert Smith LLP, ne ILGA-Europe . [30]

Mu 2014, Kato yayingizibwa mu kibiina kya Legacy Walk, eky’okwolesebwa mu lujjudde ebweru mu kibuga Chicago ekya Illinois ekikuza ebyafaayo n’abantu aba LGBTQ. [31] [32]

Nga 16 June 2021, Yunivasite y’e York yalangirira nti Kato y’agenda okutuuma erinnya ly’ettendekero eppya erya David Kato College, ettendekero erisoose ku ttendekero lya York okutuumibwa erinnya ly’omuntu ow’ekika kya Africa. [33]

Firimu ezikwata ku biwandiiko

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Kato yabuuziddwa abakola firimu mu Amerika Katherine Fairfax Wright ne Malika Zouhali-Worrall okukola firimu ey'ebiwandiiko ku bulamu bwe, Call Me Kuchu, eyasooka okulagibwa mu kivvulu kya firimu eky'ensi yonna ekya Berlin International Film Festival nga 11 February 2012. [34] Firimu ennyimpi ng'ekozesa obutambi okuva mu firimu eno, They Will Say We Are Not Here, yateekebwa ku mukutu gwa New York Times ku lunaku olwasooka olw'okujjukira okufa kwe.

Kato yasisinkana Roger Ross Williams ng’ebula mbale afe era ye yali omuwabuzi mu kukola ekitabo God Loves Uganda (2013), [35] ekiwandiiko ekinoonyereza ku kakwate akaliwo wakati w’okubuulira enjiri y’Ekikristaayo mu North America ne mu Uganda.

Laba ne

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Ebijuliziddwa

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Ebiyungo eby’ebweru

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  1. 1 2 3 https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-africa-12299786
  2. 1 2 https://lg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:ContentTranslation?from=en&to=lg&page=David+Kato#:~:text=View-,Gettleman%2C%20Jeffrey%20(27%20January%202011).,-This%20reference%20is
  3. ↑ https://www.economist.com/news/books-and-arts/21565914-moving-documentary-sheds-light-blinkered-country-kuchu-chronicles
  4. 1 2 https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-africa-12295718
  5. ↑ https://lg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:ContentTranslation?from=en&to=lg&page=David+Kato#:~:text=View-,Adriaan%2C%20Germain%20(2012).,-Issues
  6. ↑ https://lg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:ContentTranslation?from=en&to=lg&page=David+Kato#:~:text=View-,Patrick%20Craven%20c/o%20Phumzile%20S.%20Mtetwa%20(28%20January%202011).,-Issues
  7. ↑ https://www.economist.com/obituary/2011/02/10/david-kato
  8. 1 2 https://www.theguardian.com/world/us-embassy-cables-documents/241596
  9. ↑ http://www.york.ac.uk/inst/cahr/defenders/Tributes/tribute%20index.html
  10. 1 2 https://lg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:ContentTranslation?from=en&to=lg&page=David+Kato#:~:text=View-,Rice%2C%20Xan%20(29%20January%202011).,-This%20reference%20is
  11. 1 2 "Archive copy". Archived from the original on 2012-10-22. Retrieved 2025-10-07.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link)
  12. 1 2 https://web.archive.org/web/20101105022952/http://af.reuters.com/article/topNews/idAFJOE6A103F20101102
  13. 1 2 https://web.archive.org/web/20120902130846/http://www.humanrightsfirst.org/2011/01/04/court-affirms-rights-of-ugandan-gays/
  14. 1 2 3 4 https://lg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:ContentTranslation?from=en&to=lg&page=David+Kato#:~:text=View-,Rice%2C%20Xan%20(27%20January%202011).,-This%20reference%20is
  15. 1 2 https://lg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:ContentTranslation?from=en&to=lg&page=David+Kato#:~:text=View-,Malone%2C%20Barry%20(2%20February%202011).,-This%20reference%20is
  16. ↑ http://www.huffingtonpost.com/2011/01/27/david-kato-uganda-gay-act_n_814775.html
  17. ↑ https://lg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:ContentTranslation?from=en&to=lg&page=David+Kato#:~:text=View-,Andrew%20Bagala%20(3%20February%202011).,-Issues
  18. 1 2 http://www.europarl.europa.eu/meetdocs/2009_2014/documents/droi/dv/4_08letterfromuganda_/4_08letterfromuganda_en.pdf
  19. ↑ https://lg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:ContentTranslation?from=en&to=lg&page=David+Kato#:~:text=View-,Mayamba%2C%20Johnson%20(10%20November%202011).,-Issues
  20. ↑ https://lg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:ContentTranslation?from=en&to=lg&page=David+Kato#:~:text=View-,Tom%20Walsh%20(7%20February%202011).,-Issues
  21. 1 2 https://web.archive.org/web/20110512173820/http://af.reuters.com/article/topNews/idAFJOE70R0HS20110128?pageNumber=1&virtualBrandChannel=0
  22. ↑ https://www.hrw.org/en/news/2011/01/27/uganda-promptly-investigate-killing-prominent-lgbt-activist
  23. ↑ https://web.archive.org/web/20140911152237/http://www.amnesty.org/en/news-and-updates/uganda-must-investigate-killing-lgbt-rights-activist-2011-01-27
  24. ↑ https://obamawhitehouse.archives.gov/the-press-office/2011/01/27/statement-president-killing-david-kato
  25. ↑ https://web.archive.org/web/20110128004813/http://www.state.gov/secretary/rm/2011/01/155520.htm
  26. ↑ https://2009-2017.state.gov/r/pa/prs/dpb/2011/01/155402.htm
  27. ↑ https://web.archive.org/web/20120310224843/http://apnews.myway.com//article/20110128/D9L1E6480.html
  28. ↑ Williams, Rowan (28 January 2011). "Archbishop condemns murder of Ugandan gay human rights activist". www.archbishopofcanterbury.org. Archived from the original on 31 January 2011. Retrieved 1 February 2011.
  29. ↑ "About the Prometheus Project". American Repertory Theater. 15 February 2011. Retrieved 16 May 2011.
  30. ↑ "Maurice Tomlinson receives 'David Kato Vision and Voice Award'". IPPF (in Lungereza). 12 March 2012. Archived from the original on 25 December 2019. Retrieved 25 December 2019.
  31. ↑ "Legacy Walk honors LGBT 'guardian angels'". chicagotribune.com. 11 October 2014.
  32. ↑ "PHOTOS: 7 LGBT Heroes Honored With Plaques in Chicago's Legacy Walk". Advocate.com. 11 October 2014.
  33. ↑ "New University of York college named after human rights defender, David Kato".
  34. ↑ "Call Me Kato". Archived from the original on 28 January 2011.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: unfit URL (link)
  35. ↑ Moloshco, Carolyn (March 2014). "'God Loves Uganda' Reveals American Evangelicals Spreading Gay Intolerance. Academy Award winning director tackles abuse of religious power". Palm Springs Life. Retrieved 29 April 2014.
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