Ebinnyonnyozo by'Enkula ez'ekibalo(Properties of Mathematical shapes)

Ebinnyonyozo (properties) n’ebisonjozo (characteristics)

“Ekinnyonyozo” mu lungereza kivvuunulwa nga “property” ate “ekisonjozo” ne kivvuunulwa “characteristic”. Mu kitabo ka tusooke tukulage ebinnyonnyozo ebinaakuyamba mu maao okunnyonnyola oba okusonjola enkula z’ essomampima ez’enjawulo.

Ebisonjozo oba Ebinnyonnyozo by’Enkula

Bw’oba osonjola oba nga onnyonnyola enkula z’ekibalo ez’ekitendero, ez’enkalubo oba ez’ekibangirizo. Mu bisonjozo oba ebinnyonnyozo by’enkula ez’enkalubo oba ez’ekibangirizo mubaamu okwebuuza nti enkula erina :

i) LEnkoloboze za kapendinkyula meka? How many perpendicular lines ?

ii) Enkoloboze ezigendagana meka?How many parallel lines?

iii) Feesi meka? Obwenyi Bumeka

iv) Embalama (edges) meka?

v) Obufumito (Vertices) bumeka?

vi) Empimo (dimensions) meka? Waliwo enkula (shapes) ezitalina mpima, waliwo ezirina empima 1, ez’empima 2, n’eza empima

3. Tewali mpima zisingako awo.

Enkula ez’empima 2

Zino ziba za;

i) Museetwe era nga zikubibwa ku lupapula.

ii) Mpima bbiri zokka; (obu) wanvu(w) n’(obu)kiika (k).

iii) Oluusi ziyitibwa nkula za kitendero (plane figures).

Enkula ez’empima 3

Zino ziba za

i) Nkalubo (solid) oba kibangirizo (space)

ii) Mpima satu; (obu)wanvu(w), (obu)kiika (k), n’(obu)simba (s).

iii) Zirina feesi ez’enjawulo.

iv) Ezimu zirina embalama (edges)

v) Ezimu zirina n’obufumito (vertex).

Feesi

Kino kitundu kya nkula eky’omuseetwe (flat) oba ekitendero (plane). Kyokka feesi eyinza n’okuba enneekulungirivu(circular) oba enkaavule (curved). Ekyokulabirako kyesatuza erina feesi 6.

Olubalama

Olubalama (edge) ye layini feesi bbiri we zikwataganira. Eky’okulabirako, kyesatuza erina embalama 12.

Akafumito

Kino ky’ekifo ekisongovu feesi essatu oba okusingawo wezikwataganira. Eky’okulabirako, omugalamiro (pyramid) ogw’entobo eya mpuyisatu guba n’obufumito buna.

Layini ezigendagana (Parallel lines)

Yadde nga “okugendana” kitegeeza (being proportional to), omulamwa gw’okugendagana gwawukanamu mu makulu. Layini ezigendagana (parallel lines) ziba layini bbiri oba okusingawo ezesudde obuwanvu bwe bumu buli emu okuva ku ndala, ekintu ekiziziiyiza okusisinkana yadde okusalagana. Layini eza kigendagana yadde ebiseera bingi ziragibwa okuba engolokofu nga layini zino ziringa eziriko obuwanvu bwe bumu, tezetaaga kubeera ngolokofu yadde okubeerako obuwanvu bwe bumu. Layini ez’omuyitiro gw’enkulungo z’enjuba nazo zigendagana naye si ngolokofu. Wano oba okiraba nti layini zino ziyinza okuba nga nekulungirivu (circular).

Layini eza Kapendikyula

Layini eya kapendikyula eba layini ekubiddwa ku peto eryesimba ku layini endala. Mu nkula ez’enkalubo, embalama ne feesi ziyinza okukubibwa ku maweto amesimbu, buli emu ku ndala.

Ekyenkanyampuyi(symmetry)

Tuyinza okusonjola oba okunnyonnyola enkula y’ekibalo yonna nga tulaga layini za kyenkanyampuyi (lines of symmetry) z’erina.

Ekinnyonnyozo ekyeyogerako (reflexive Property)

Ndagabungi eba yenkana yo yennyini.

Ekinnyonnyozo ekya kyenkanyampuyi (Symmetric Property)

Singa A = B, olwo B = A.

Ekinnyonnyzo ekinaawuza (Transitive Property)

Singa A = B , ne B = C, olwo A = C.

Ekinnyonnyozo eky’okugatta eky’omwenkano (Addition Property of Equality)

Singa A = B, olwo A + C = B + C.