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Eddagala lya Paracetamol(Panado)

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Paracetamol era emanyiddwa nga panado ddagala erikozesebwa okujjanjaba obulumi n'omusujja.[1][2] Kitera okukozesebwa mu kukendeeza obulumi obutono oba obw’ekigero.[1] Obujulizi butabuddwamu olw’okugikozesa okumalawo omusujja mu baana.[3][4] Kitera okutundibwa nga kigatta wamu n’eddagala eddala, gamba nga mu ddagala lingi ery’omusujja.[1] Paracetamol era ekozesebwa ku bulumi obw’amaanyi, gamba ng’obulumi bwa kookolo n’obulumi oluvannyuma lw’okulongoosebwa, ng’egattibwa wamu n’eddagala eriweweeza ku bulumi erya opioid.[5] Kitera okukozesebwa mu kamwa oba mu nseke, naye era kifunibwa mu mpiso mu musuwa.[1][6] Ebikosa bimala wakati w’essaawa bbiri n’ennya.[6]

Okutwalira awamu paracetamol terina bulabe ku ddoozi eziragiddwa.[7][8] Ddoozi esinga okulagirwa buli lunaku eri omuntu omukulu eri gram ssatu ku nnya.[9][10][8] Emiwendo emingi giyinza okuvaako obutwa, omuli n’ekibumba okulemererwa.[1] Ebizimba eby’amaanyi ku lususu biyinza obutatera kubaawo.[1] Kirabika tekirina bulabe mu kiseera ky'olubuto ne ng'oyonsa.[1] Mu abo abalina obulwadde bw’ekibumba, kiyinza okukyakozesebwa, naye mu ddoozi entono.[11] Kiteekebwa mu kibinja ky'eddagala eriweweeza ku bulumi eritali ddene.[6] Tekirina buzibu bwa maanyi kuziyiza kuzimba.[12] Engeri gye kikola tekitegeerekeka bulungi.[12][13][14]

Paracetamol yasooka kukolebwa mu 1877.[15] Lino lye ddagala erisinga okukozesebwa ku bulumi n’omusujja mu Amerika ne Bulaaya.[16] Kiri ku lukalala lw’eddagala ery’omugaso mu kitongole ky’ebyobulamu mu nsi yonna.[17] Paracetamol esangibwa ng'eddagala erya generic, ng'erina amannya g'ebika omuli Tylenol ne Panadol n'endala.[18] Bbeeyi ya ‘wholesale’ mu nsi ezikyakula eri wansi wa US$0.01 buli ddoozi.[19] Mu Amerika, buli ddoozi egula US$0.04.[20] Mu 2017, yali ddagala lya kifo kya 25 mu Amerika mu kusinga okuwandiikibwa eddagala, ng’erina eddagala erisukka mu bukadde 24.[21][22]

Ebiwandiiko ebikozesebwa

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  1. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 "Acetaminophen". The American Society of Health-System Pharmacists. Archived from the original on 5 June 2016. Retrieved 16 September 2016.
  2. ↑ Lee, WM (December 2017). "Acetaminophen (APAP) hepatotoxicity-Isn't it time for APAP to go away?". Journal of Hepatology. 67 (6): 1324–1331. doi:10.1016/j.jhep.2017.07.005. PMC 5696016. PMID 28734939.
  3. ↑ Meremikwu M, Oyo-Ita A (2002). "Paracetamol for treating fever in children". The Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews (2): CD003676. doi:10.1002/14651858.CD003676. PMC 6532671. PMID 12076499.
  4. ↑ de Martino M, Chiarugi A (2015). "Recent Advances in Pediatric Use of Oral Paracetamol in Fever and Pain Management". Pain and Therapy. 4 (2): 149–168. doi:10.1007/s40122-015-0040-z. PMC 4676765. PMID 26518691.
  5. ↑ Scottish Intercollegiate Guidelines Network (SIGN) (2008). "6.1 and 7.1.1" (PDF). Guideline 106: Control of pain in adults with cancer. Scotland: National Health Service (NHS). ISBN 9781905813384. Archived (PDF) from the original on 20 December 2010.
  6. 1 2 3 Hochhauser, Daniel (2014). Cancer and its Management. John Wiley & Sons. p. 119. ISBN 9781118468715. Archived from the original on 8 September 2017.
  7. ↑ Russell FM, Shann F, Curtis N, Mulholland K (2003). "Evidence on the use of paracetamol in febrile children". Bulletin of the World Health Organization. 81 (5): 367–72. hdl:10665/268935. ISSN 0042-9686. PMC 2572451. PMID 12856055.
  8. 1 2 Machado GC, Maher CG, Ferreira PH, Pinheiro MB, Lin CW, Day RO, McLachlan AJ, Ferreira ML (31 March 2015). "Efficacy and safety of paracetamol for spinal pain and osteoarthritis: systematic review and meta-analysis of randomised placebo controlled trials". BMJ (Clinical Research Ed.). 350: h1225. doi:10.1136/bmj.h1225. PMC 4381278. PMID 25828856.
  9. ↑ "Paracetamol for adults: painkiller to treat aches, pains and fever". National Health Service. Archived from the original on 22 August 2017. Retrieved 22 August 2017.
  10. ↑ "What are the recommended maximum daily dosages of acetaminophen in adults and children?". Medscape. Archived from the original on 21 December 2018. Retrieved 19 December 2018.
  11. ↑ Lewis JH, Stine JG (June 2013). "Review article: prescribing medications in patients with cirrhosis - a practical guide". Alimentary Pharmacology & Therapeutics. 37 (12): 1132–56. doi:10.1111/apt.12324. PMID 23638982.
  12. 1 2 McKay, Gerard A.; Walters, Matthew R. (2013). "Non-Opioid Analgesics". Lecture Notes Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics (9th ed.). Hoboken: Wiley. ISBN 9781118344897. Archived from the original on 8 September 2017. Retrieved 5 August 2020.
  13. ↑ Ghanem CI, Pérez MJ, Manautou JE, Mottino AD (July 2016). "Acetaminophen from liver to brain: New insights into drug pharmacological action and toxicity". Pharmacological Research. 109: 119–31. doi:10.1016/j.phrs.2016.02.020. PMC 4912877. PMID 26921661.
  14. ↑ Viswanathan AN, Feskanich D, Schernhammer ES, Hankinson SE (2008). "Aspirin, NSAID, and Acetaminophen Use and the Risk of Endometrial Cancer". Cancer Research. 68 (7): 2507–2513. doi:10.1158/0008-5472.CAN-07-6257. PMC 2857531. PMID 18381460.
  15. ↑ Mangus, Brent C.; Miller, Michael G. (2005). Pharmacology application in athletic training. Philadelphia, Pennsylvania: F.A. Davis. p. 39. ISBN 9780803620278. Archived from the original on 8 September 2017. Retrieved 5 August 2020.
  16. ↑ Aghababian, Richard V. (22 October 2010). Essentials of emergency medicine. Jones & Bartlett Publishers. p. 814. ISBN 978-1-4496-1846-9. Archived from the original on 17 August 2016.
  17. ↑ World Health Organization (2019). World Health Organization model list of essential medicines: 21st list 2019. Geneva: World Health Organization. hdl:10665/325771. WHO/MVP/EMP/IAU/2019.06. License: CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 IGO.
  18. ↑ Hamilton, Richard J. (2013). Tarascon pocket pharmacopoeia : 2013 classic shirt-pocket edition (27th ed.). Burlington, Massachusetts: Jones & Bartlett Learning. p. 12. ISBN 9781449665869. Archived from the original on 8 September 2017.
  19. ↑ "Paracetamol". Archived from the original on 22 January 2018. Retrieved 11 January 2016.
  20. ↑ "Acetaminophen prices, coupons and patient assistance programs". Archived from the original on 16 February 2016. Retrieved 19 February 2016.
  21. ↑ "The Top 300 of 2020". ClinCalc. Archived from the original on 12 February 2021. Retrieved 25 February 2020.
  22. ↑ "Acetaminophen Drug Usage Statistics". ClinCalc. Archived from the original on 12 April 2020. Retrieved 11 April 2020.
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