Fred Rwigyema
Fred Gisa Rwigyema ng'ebiseera ebisinga baliwandiika nga Rwigema; yazaalibwa Emmanuel Gisa; nga 10 Ogwokuna mu 1957, n'afa nga 2 Ogwekumi mu 1990 yali munabyabufuzi omunyarwanda nga yali munamagye. Yeeyatandikawo ekibiina kya Rwandan Patriotic Front (RPF), ekibinja ekyali eky'eby'obufuzi n'amaggye ekyatandikibwawo bazzukulu baabanyarwanda abatuusi abaali mu buwanganguse abaakakibwa okuva mu nsi yabwe oluvannyuma lw'aba Hutu okugyako gavumenti eyali mubuyinza nga bakozesa maani mu 1959.
Ebyaafaayo bye n'engeri gyeya okumannyikwa mu Uganda[kyusa | edit source]
Rwigema yazaalinwa mu Gitarama, mu bukiika kkono bwa Rwanda. Ng'atwalibwa okubeeta ng'asibuka mu ggwanga ly'aba Tuusi, mu 1960, ye ne famire ye badukira mu Uganda nebatebenkera mu nkambi y'abanoonyi boobubuddamu mu esinganibwa mu Nshungerezi, mu Ankole foluvannyuma lw'entalo z'okugyako gavumenti eyali mu buyinza e Rwanda mu 1959 n'okugibwako kweyali Kabaka eyali ayitibwa Kigeli V.[1]
Oluvannyuma lw'okumaliriza okusoma siniyamu 1976, yagenda e Tanzania neyeegata ku kibinja ky'abayekera ekya Front for National Salvation (FRONASA), ekyali kikulirwa Yoweri Museveni, muganda wamukwano gwe Salim Saleh. Kyali mu kaseera ako bweyatandika okweyita Fred Rwigema. Oluvannyuma mu mwaka ogwo, yagenda e Mozambique aneyeegata ku kibinja ky'abayeekera ekya FRELIMO abaali balwanirira okufuna obwetwaze bwa Mozambique okuva mu bafuzi b'amatwale aba Portugal.
Mu 1979, yeegata ku kibinja kya Uganda National Liberation Army (UNLA), nga kino kyakwataganira wamu n'amaggye ga Tanzania okuwamba Kampala mu 1979 Ogwokuna nebasindika Idi Amin mu buwangaguse .[2]
Oluvannyuma yeegata ku kibiinja ky'amaggye ga Museveni ekya National Resistance Army (NRA), ekyalwana olutalo lw'abayeekera olwali luyitibwa Ugandan Bush War nga battunka ne gavumenti ya Milton Obote. Kyali wano Rwigyema bweyasooka okulwana ng'ali wamu n'abaali abakulembezze ba RPF nga pulezidenti wa Rwanda ow'ebiseera ebijja mu maaso Paul Kagame, James Kabarebe, Patrick Karegeya ne Kayumba Nyamwasa.[3]
Oluvanyuma lw'ekibiinja kya NRA okuwamba obuyinza bw'eggwanga mu 1986, Rwigema yafuuka omumyuuka wa Minista w'eby'okwerinda. Yali asinga kubeera mu kulwana ntalo mu bukiika ddyo bwa Uganda mu biseera by'emirimu gya gavumenti empya egy'okusigulula abaali basigadde nga bagoberera aboobuyinza obwali bugiddwako wamu n'ebibiinja by'abayeekera.[4]
Obukulembezze[kyusa | edit source]
Fred Rwigema yali omu ku bantu 27 abasooka abaalina eby'okulwanyisa abaakulemberwa pulezidenti wa Uganda Yoweri Museveni, abaagenda munsiko mu 1981 okutandika olutalo lw'abayeekera nga bawakanya okulonda kwa pulezidenti wa Uganda mu 1980, nga muno ekibiina kya Apollo Milton Obote ekya Uganda People's Congress eky'eby'obufuzi baali bakirumiriza okuba nga kyenyigira mu bubbi okusobola okufuna obuwanguzi eri ekibiina kya Democratic Party, ekyali kikulemberwa omugenzi Paul Kawanga Ssemwogerere n'ekibiina kya Uganda Patriotic Movement, ekyali kikulemberwa Yoweri Museveni nga kati ye pulezidenti wa Uganda.
Mu 1985, Fred Rwigyema yali afuuse omu kubakulembezze b'amaggye abaali bamannyikiddwa era abaamannyi nga n'ekibiinja kya National Resistance Army (NRA) oluavnnyuma lw'okuwangula gavumenti eyali ey'amaggye mu lutalo lw'omunda nga battunka n'obukulembezze bwa Milton Obote, Fred Rwigyema y'ali omu ku bakulembezze baabayeekera abasatu abaalinyisibwa amadaala nebabafuula ba genero mu NRA. Yafuulibwa ''Major General'' ng'ali wamu ne muganda wa Yoweri Museveni Salim Saleh Akandwanaho wamu ne Elly Tumwine. Yoweri Museveni baamufuula ''Lieutenant General.''
Fred Rwigema yali mukulembezze w'amaggye eyasikiriza ng'abalala, era nga yali ayagalwa abajaasi bonna n'abasirikale abaali bakolera wansi we. Yasinga kufuna okumannyikwa munumba zebaakola nga nga bagenda mu bayeekera nadala mu bukiika ddyo bwa Uganda, ng'eno amaggye agaawangulwa ekibiinja kya ''National Resistance Army'' gyebaali beekweese. Fred Rwigyema yayimirira nga agambibwa okubeera nga teyeenyigira nga mu misango gyantalo mu kaseera kekamu wezaali zigenda mu maaso, bweyali akulembeddemu emirimu mu bukiika ddyo ne bubukiika ddyo bwabuvanjuba bwa Uganda. Kino kyamuweesa erinya lya “Mungu wa vita”, nga lino liri mu lulimi luswaayiri nga kiba kitegeeza ''katonda w'entalo”.
Yaweebwa eky'okubeera omumyuka wa Minisita ow'eby'okwerinda, oluvannyuma lw'okuwambibwa lw'ekibiinja kya ''National Resistance Movement'' okuwamba obuyinza, wabula nga kino tekyamugya ku byakukulembera mirimu gy'amaggye mu bukiika ddyo bwa Uganda.
Yali ayagala nnyo omupiira, ng'era yali muwagizi wa kiraabu ya Uganda ey'omupiira eyitibwa Soccer Club Villa (S.C Villa). Yatera ng'okugenda ku kisaawe ky'e Nakivubo okulaba emipiira gya kiraabu eno ng'eri mu kusamba, buli bweyabeera nga mu Kampala.
Okulumba Rwanda n'enfa ye[kyusa | edit source]
Nga 1 Ogwekumi mu 1990, Rwigyema yakulembera akabiinja k'amaggye akaalimu abajaasi 10,000 akaali keekutudde ku NRA okugenda okulumba obukiika ddyo bwa Rwanda.[5] Ekyafuuka RPF kyalonda enaku z'omwezi zino kuba zaali ziriraanye olunaku Uganda weyafunira obwetwaazze nga 9 Ogwomwenda.[3] Kino kyakola ng'omukisa eri Rwigyema, ng'olulumba luno baali bakugamba lwali lwawukana ku lw'ekibiina kya NRA nga lwakutwalibwa ng'olukungaana lw'amaggye.[3]
Ku lunaku olw'okubiri olw'ensitaano eno, Rwigyema yakubwa esasi ku mutwe era n'afiira mu busozi bwa Nyabwenshogozi[6] Okufa kwe kwakumibwa ng'ekyaama okumala omwezi nga beewala okutatagaanya mpisa nantambula z'amirimu.[7] Waliwo obutakaanya kungeri Rwigyema gyeyafaamu; kuba agaali gava mu gavumenti ya Kagame mu butongole gaali gagamba nti Rwigyema yatibwa esasi eryali liwabye.[7][8] Munabyafaayo Gérard Prunier agamba nti yali afuuse obujulizi obwali tebuganibwa, nga muno mwalimu nekagyojigyoji w'ebibuuzo okuva w'eyalaba n'amaaso gge kukutibwa kuno nti Rwigyema yatibwa omu kubaali abaduumizi b'amaggye Peter Bayingana, oluvannyua lw'okuyomba ku bukodyo obwali bukozesebwa, n'alumiriza abasomi bbe olw'okukiriza ebyo ebyali bifumbiddwa ab'ekibiina kya RPF byebaamubuulira.[9]
Rwigyema atwalibwa okubeera omu ku bazira b'ensi ya Rwanda. Omubiri bwe gwazikibwa mu liimbo y'abazira e Kigali.
Ebiwandiike[kyusa | edit source]
- ↑ http://www.newvision.co.ug/new_vision/news/1412032/gen-fred-rwigyemas-untold-story
- ↑ https://www.newvision.co.ug/new_vision/news/1507824/history-rpa-invades-rwanda
- ↑ 3.0 3.1 3.2 https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)
- ↑ https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)
- ↑ https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)
- ↑ https://www.monitor.co.ug/SpecialReports/Was-Rwigyema-assassinated-/688342-2470530-j6ff8qz/index.html
- ↑ 7.0 7.1 https://web.archive.org/web/20120307130518/http://www.gov.rw/liberation15/index.php?option=com_content&view=category&layout=blog&id=37&Itemid=55
- ↑ https://web.archive.org/web/20120307130518/http://www.gov.rw/liberation15/index.php?option=com_content&view=category&layout=blog&id=37&Itemid=55
- ↑ Template:Sfn