Ignatius K. Musaazi

Ignatius Kangave Musaazi (1905–1990) ye yatandikawo ekibiina ky’ebyobufuzi ekyasooka mu Uganda. Ekyatuumibwa Uganda National Congress (UNC) nga 2 Ogwokusatu 1952. Musaazi yafuuka pulezidenti waakyo eyasooka, era Abubaker Kakyama Mayanja ye yali omuwandiisi w'ekibiina kino eyasooka. Abalala abakulu mu kibiina kino ekya UNC mwalimu Apollo K. Kironde eyali omuwabuzi w’ekibiina kino ku by’amateeka. Nga omwaka 1951 gunaatera okuggwaako, Musaazi yapangisa ekitundu ku mwaliiro ogwa wansi ku nnyumba eyali ku luguudo kati olumanyiddwa nga Musajjalumbwa Road okumpi ne n'Olubiri e Mengo. Ennyumba eno yali ya mugenzi Yakobo Musajjalumbwa eyali omuwanika mu bwakabaka bwa Buganda. Ennyumba eno yafuuka ekifo ekikulu eky’ebyobufuzi era mu 1952 yalaba okuzaalibwa kw’ekibiina kya Uganda National Congress.

Omuzira w'eggwanga

"Omuti ogulaga akabonero k'eddembe" obuwangwa bw'emboozi z'ebyobufuzi mwe bwatandikira mu Uganda. Bannabyabufuzi ab’omu kiseera ekyo nga Ignitious Kangave Nusazi baakuba enkung’aana eziwagira obwetwaze wansi w’omuti guno.

I.K. Musaazi omuzira w'eggwanga (1990), era nga kyakkiriziganyibwako nga ye Taata w’eggwanga, lya Uganda mu Buvanjuba bwa Africa, era yaziikibwa Kololo awaziikibwa abazira b'eggwanga (Kololo heroes ground) mu Kampala, ekibuga ekikulu ekya Uganda. Yetaba mu bwegugungo mu Buganda obwaliwo mu 1945 ne 1949 ekyavaamu okwokya amayumba ag’abaami ba Buganda abaali bawagira gavumenti z'amatwale. Buganda kitundu kya Uganda, era abantu ba baamu bayitibwa Baganda; era boogera Luganda .

Obwegugungo mu Buganda – 1945 ne 1949

Mu bufunze, ensibuko y’obwegugungo mu Buganda obwogeddwako waggulu, eri nti ab'egugunzi baali basaba bino wammanga: (1) eddembe ly’okuyita ku miwendo gy’okutunda ppamba ebweru w’eggwanga eryassibwawo gavumenti y’amatwale ga Bungereza, (2) Okuggyawo obwannannyini bwaba Asia mu kusunsula ppamba – Aba Asia mu Uganda baali baawebwa enkizo esukkulumye nga balina eddembe ery’enjawulo ku kusunsula n'okulongoosa ppamba, (3). Eddembe ly’okubeera n’ababaka baabwe mu gavumenti z’ebitundu era bwe batyo ne bakyusa abaami abaalondebwa Gavumenti y’amatwale ga Bungereza. Ignatius Musaazi yatunuulirwa abafuzi b’amatwale ga Bungereza nga eyali emabega w’obwegugungo buno. Gavana era omuduumizi wa Bungereza mu kiseera ekyo, Sir John Hathorn Hall, obwegugungo buno yabutwala ng’omulimu gw’Abakomunisiti. Yagaana okukkiriza okusaba kwabo abaali b'egugunze.

Uganda African Farmers Union ewerebwa

Musaazi yali yatandikawo ekibiina ekigatta abalimi ekya Uganda African Farmers Union (UAFU) mu 1947 era UAFU ye yanenyezebwa ku lw'obwegugungo obwaliwo mu 1949 era ekyavaamu kwali kuwera kibiina kino. Abawagizi bangi baddukira mu kwekweka. Musaazi yennyini teyali mugenyi mu kkomera ng’abafuzi b’amatwale bagezaako okuyimiriza kaweefube gwe yakola okuleeta enkyukakyuka ng’ayamba abalimi b’Afirika ne Bannayuganda okutwaliza awamu. I.K. Musaazi yatondawo ekibiina ekigatta abalimi mu Afrika ekya Federation of Partnerships of Uganda African Farmers (FPUAF) oluvannyuma lw’okuwera ekibiina kya Uganda African Farmers Union. Yava ku mulimu gwe ogw’obusomesa mu dipatimenti y’ebyenjigiriza, mu kiseera ekyo eyali kolegi ya Ssettendekero wa Makerere (oluvannyuma eyafuuka Ssettendekero wa Makerere), okusobola okuyamba abalimi b’Afirika okuwakanya obutali bwenkanya obwaliwo mu by’obusuubuzi naddala ku ppamba.

Obuyambi okuva mu LSE ne Fenner Brockway

I.K. Musaazi yagenda e London ekye Bungereza mu 1950 n’alwanirira Paalamenti ya Bungereza okuwagira FPUAF n’ebigendererwa byayo. Nga bangi ku bbo mu Paalamenti ya Bungereza eno baamuwagira nga muno mwe mwali ne Fenner Brockway, omubaka wa Paalamenti(MP) mu kibiina kya Labour Party mu Bungereza. Era yafuna obuwagizi okuva mu bagezigezi n'abayivu bangi naddala okuva mu London School of Economics (LSE), abaali ab'ekisa era nga bamuwagira. Musaazi bwe yali mu kibuga London, yafuna omukisa okwogera n’abayizi ba LSE era nga mu bano mwalimu Omumerika, George Shepherd eyali amaliriza PhD mu byobufuzi. George Shepherd yakkirizza okuyitibwa kwa Musaazi okuwa obuyambi obw’ekikugu mu FPUAF. Ekigendererwa ekikulu kyali kya kulwanyisa nkola z’ebyobulimi mu Uganda ebyali bitajunye Bafirika ne ziyamba Abaasia n’Abazungu.

George W. Shepherd yatuuka mu Uganda mu 1951 ng’alina emyaka 25 gyokka. Okubeerawo kwe mu Uganda tekwayanirizibwa gavumenti ya Bungereza ey’amatwale. Wadde nga Musaazi yali yatunuulirwa dda ng’omuntu akyankalanya gavumenti y’amatwale, George Shepherd ne banne mu FPUAF basobola okutuuka ku buwanguzi ku nsonga eziwerako: (a) baddamu okutereeza ebitabo by’okubala ebya FPUAF, (b) amateeka ga FPUAF gaddamu okuwandiikibwa, (c) ensonga z’entambula ezikwata ku FPUAF ne zigonjoolwa. Ekikulu Shepherd ne banne mu FPUAF baagunjaawo enkola okugonjoola ensonga z’ebyobulimi ezitali za bwenkanya.

Enkola ya Shepherd ey’okutabaganya amawanga yali emu ku bintu ebikulu bye yakola eri Musaazi n’ekibiina kye ekya Federation of Partnerships of Uganda African Farmers (FPUAF), era ne Uganda okutwaliza awamu. Shepherd yali mu Uganda emyaka ebiri gyokka kyokka ng’ayambibwako banne aba FPUAF yaleka akabonero akakulu ku byobufuzi by’eggwanga.

Enkyukakyuka ez'akolebwa

Okutuuka kwa Sir Andrew Cohen (Gavana wa Uganda, 1952–1957) mu Gwoluberyeberye 1952, kwawa embeera ey’okukulaakulana ennyo mu Uganda ey’amatwale. Sir Cohen yakola akakiiko akaali kavunaanyizibwa ku kutunuulira okusaba n'ebyetaago bya balimi era yakkiriza ebisinga obungi. Nga Sir Cohen tannatuuka, waaliwo enkyukakyuka ezeetaagisa ennyo mu Uganda. Okutuuka ku kiseera ekyo ensonga bwezaali zikolebwako kasoobo, okugeza, okutuusa nga 23 Ogwekkumi 1945, Gavana omuggya mu kiseera ekyo, Sir John Hall, y’akkiriza okusunsulwa kw’Abafirika 3 nga bammemba ba LEGCO – Olukiiko olubaga n'okuteesa ku mateeka, mu Paalamenti y’ekiseera ekyo ey’amatwale. Okutuuka olwo LEGCO yali efugibwa Bazungu. Ababaka ba Africa abasatu abeegatta ku LEGCO baalayizibwa nga 4 Ogwekkumineebiri 1945. Baali: Michael Ernest Kawalya Kaggwa ( Katikiro, kwe kugamba Katikkiro mu gavumenti ya Buganda ), Petero Nyangabyaki (Katikiro owa Bunyoro ), ne Yekonia Zirabamuzale (Ssaabawandiisi wa Busoga ) LEGCO yatandikibwawo abakulu b’amatwale mu Gwokusatu 1921 era ku ntandikwa y'ennyini kyali kibinja kitono ekyalimu Abazungu: gavana w’amatwale, abakungu bana, n’abatali bakungu 2 abaalondebwa.

1952 – UNC yatondebwawo, oluvannyuma n’eyawukana

Olw’obuwanguzi nti ensonga z'abalimi ezisinga zaali zikkiriziddwa Sir Andrew Cohen, Ignatius Kangave Musaazi ne Abubaker Kakyama Mayanja baatandikawo ekibiina kya Uganda National Congress party (UNC) ku Ssande nga 2 Ogwokusatu 1952. Ekibiina kino kyali maanyi ga nkyukakyuka mu by'obufuzi mu Uganda ey’amatwale.

Ekibiina kya UNC kyayawukana ne ky'ekolamu ebiwayi kyokka omusingi gwa Uganda okwefuga gwateekebwawo ekibiina kya UNC n’omutandisi waakyo, Ignatius Kangave Musaazi eyafiira mu 1990 ku myaka 85 mu ddwaaliro e Namirembe. Pulezidenti Yoweri Kaguta Museveni, pulezidenti wa Uganda mu kiseera kino ye muyambi wa IK Musaazi Memorial Foundation. Pulezidenti Museveni yaliwo era yayogera ku Musaazi, mu musomo ogwasooka okutegekebwa nga gwaali gutegekeddwa Omukenkufu George W. Shepherd okujjukira IK Musaazi buli mwaka ku Kampala Sheraton Hotel ku Lwokutaano nga 28 Ogwomwenda 2007.

Obuto bwe n'emirimu gye

Musaazi yazaalibwa mu kyalo ekiyitibwa Timuna, okumpi ne Wobulenzi mu Uganda. Yasomera mu King’s College Budo oluvannyuma n’afuna sikaala okusoma essomo ly'eddini erya divinity e Bungereza. Bwe yamaliriza emisomo gye e Bungereza ne bamutegeeza nti yali alina kutikkirwa mu nsi ye Uganda yokka.

Musaazi yasisinkana Mary Ritah Nansikombi bwe yali mu King's College Budo ate ye yali ku Gayaza High School. Mu 1936 baagattibwa e Kenya. Baazaala abaana 11. Mary muzzukulu wa Sir Apolo Kaggwa eyali Katikkiro (Ssaabaminisita) mu Gavumenti y'obwakabaka bwa Buganda, era muwala wa Mary ne Sepiriya Kaddumukasa. Ajjukira ebizibu ye ne famire ye byebayitamu olw'obumalirivu bwa bba okulwanirira obwetwaze bwa Uganda: "Omwami wange yasibwa emirundi 37.... yavunaanibwa omusango gw'okulya mu nsi olukwe olw'okutegeka Bannayuganda okujeemera n'okuyeekera abafuzi b'amatwale".