Kasubi Tombs

Eղղoma za Kabaka Gwanga Mujje

Amasiro g'ekasubi mu Kampala, Uganda, kye kifo awaaziikibwa ba ssekabaka bana (ba kabaka ba Buganda abaafa) n’abalala ab’olulyo lw'Abaganda olulangira .N’ekyavaamu, ekifo kino kusigala nga kifo kikulu mu by’omwoyo n’ebyobufuzi eri Abaganda, era ng'ekyokulabirako ekikulu ku nzimba ey'ennono. Gaafuuka ekifo ky'ekitongole ky'amawanga amagatte ekitwala eby'obuwangwa munsi yonna (UNESCO World Heritage Site) mu Mwezi ogw'ekkumineebiri 2001, bweganyonnyolwa ng'ekimu ku bizimbe ebitasangika ekikozesa ebizimbisibwa eby'obutonde mu ttundutundu ly'Afirika lyonna eriri wansi w'eddungu Sahara" .

Ebimu ku bizimbe eby'enkizo ebyaliyo kumpi byasaanyizibwawo obutalekaawo kantu konna, omuliro ogwakwata mu mwezi ogwokusatu ogw'omwaka 2010, ng'ekyaguvirako kiri kikyanoonyerezebwa. Ekyavaamu, mu mwezi ogwomusanvu 2010 kyateekebwa ku lukalala lw’ebifo eby'enono eby'enkizo mu nsi yonna ebiri mu katyabaga .

Obwakabaka bwa Buganda buweze okuddamu okuzimba amasiro ga bakabaka baabwe era omukulembeze w’eggwanga Museveni yategeeza nti gavumenti y’eggwanga lya Uganda egenda okuyambako mu kuzzaawo ekifo . Okuddamu okuzimba kwatandika mu 2014, nga kuvujjirirwa gavumenti ya Japan. Oluvannyuma lw'okuzzaawo ebizimbe mu 2023, ekifo kino kyaggyibwa ku lukalala lw'ebiri mu katyabaga.

Amasiro g'e Kasubi

Amasiro

Ekifo kino eky’omugaso mu nsi yonna kiriko ekiteya 26 (ze yiika 64 ) ku kasozi Kasubi mu kibuga Kampala, kilo mmita nga ttaano (3.1 mi) obukiikakkono bw'obugwanjuba bw'amasekkati g'ekibuga. Ekifo ekisinga obungi ttaka lya bulimi eriggule nga lirimibwa nga bakozesa amagezi ag'ekinnansi. Ensonda emu erimu olubiri lw’obwakabaka olwazimbibwa Muteesa I mu 1882, Kabaka wa Buganda ow’omulundi ogw'amakumi asatu, okudda mu kifo ky’olubiri olwazimbibwa kitaawe, Ssuuna II mu 1820. Olubiri olupya lwafuuka ekifo eky’okuziikamu bakabaka n'ab'olulyo olulangira bwe yafa mu 1884. Ekifo kino kye kimu ku masiro g'olulyo olulangira amakumi asatu mwerimu (31) okwetoloola obwakabaka bwa Buganda okuva obwakabaka bwe bwatandikibwawo mu kyasa eky’ekkumi n’essatu (13th century ). Mu nnono, enjole ya ssekabaka yaziikibwanga mu kifo kimu, nga waliwo ekiggwa eky’enjawulo eky’eggumba ly’akawangake , nga kirowoozebwa nti mwe muli emmeeme ye. Mu ngeri etaali ya bulijjo, ekifo kino mu Kampala kirimu entaana za ba ssekabaka ba Buganda bana:

• Muteesa I (1835–1884) Omuwandiisi w’ebitabo.
• Mwanga II (1867–1903) (yafiira mu buwanganguse ku bizinga bya Seychelles, era enjole ye yaddizibwa mu 1910)
• Daudi Chwa II (1896-1939) Omuwandiisi w’ebitabo.
• Sir Edward Muteesa II (1924–1969) (yafiira mu buwanganguse e London, era enjole ye yaddizibwa mu 1971).

Bazzukulu ba bassekabaka bano abana baziikibwa walala mu kifo kino.

Ensalo z'ekifo kino zaakubwa mu 1882 ku kasozi Kasubi, era akamanyiddwa ng'amasiro ga ba Ssekabaka. Ensalo zikyalambiddwa emiti emituba, ezikakuumye okuva ku nkulaakulana y'abatuuze kati eyeetoolodde ekifo kino ku njuyi zonna. Ekitundu ekikulu ekyamasiro kiri mu bukiikakkono bw’obuvanjuba b’ekifo ekigazi. Ennyumba y’omulyango omukulu ( eyitibwa Bujjabukula ). Eno yali nnyumba ya ssekabaka Muteesa eyasooka ,ng'ennyumba enkulu Muzibwazaalampanga ekyazimbibwa .Eno esinga kumanyibwa nga ennyumba ey'abakuumi abaggazi, era omukuumi omukulu ava mu kika eky'obutiko ng'aweebwa ekitiibwa ekya Mulamba. Omukuumi amyuka ono ava mu kika kya Mbogo ng'ono aweebwa ekitiibwa ekya Nsigo. Bano bombi emirimu gyabwe gya nsikirano nga ssinga omu abeera afudde, obwakabaka buddayo mu kika omugenzi mwava nebasaba omuweereza omulala okutwala emirimu n'obuvunaanyizibwa mu maaso . Nsigo aliwo mu kiseera kino omwaka guno 2026 yatandika obuvunaanyizibwa obwo ku myaka kkumi na mukaaga nga kati ali mu myaka kikumi n'omusobyo . ekifuula ekifo eky'enkizo. Bujjabukula ekutwala ku luggya olutono n’ennyumba y’eղղoma ( eyitibwa Ndoga-Obukaba ) omuli eղղoma za Ssekabaka Muteesa ow'oluberyeberye . Eղղoma ezikuumibwa mu Bujjabukula za bika bisatu nga kuliko Mujaguzo, Bantadde ne Kanabba

olwo, n’oluvannyuma okutuuka mu luggya olukulu olw’okubiri olw’ekulungirivu (Olugya ) olusangibwa ku ntikko y’olusozi, nga lwetooloddwa olukomera lw’emmuli.

Munda w'amasiro g'e Kasubi

Ennyumba enkulu ( Muzibu Azaala Mpanga ), eri mmita amakumi asatu mwemu (31) (102 ft) mu kwetooloola ne mmita mussanvu n'obuttundu butaano 7.5 ( ze ffuuti amakumi abiri mu ttaano - 25 ) obuwanvu, esangibwa oluta lumu ensalo y’oluggya, ku bbali okwolekera omulyango oguyingira. Muzibu azaala Mpanga neetoloovu nga yakulanga eղղoma envunike . Mukusooka yali yazimbibwa okuva mu nkodo z'emiti , emmuli , essubi n'akadongo, ng'ensserekeddwa waggulu n'essubi erigulumidde ng'eղղoma eyeevunise n'emiti emiwanvu egigattiddwa ku migo amakumi ataano mwebiri emyetoloovu ng'egy'ekibbo (Nga gino gikiikirira ebika amakumi ataano mw'ebibiri eby'abaganda). Ebizimbisibwa eby’omulembe byateekebwako mu kudaabiriza okw'omuggundu okwasembayo mu mwaka gwa 1938 okwakolebwa Ssekabaka Muteesa II owa Buganda omuli ebyuma ebya ssitiilu,empagi eza seminti ,amatoffaali ng'okusinga byakwekebwa munda kungulu nebibikkibwako ebizimbisibwa eby'enonno. Empagi empetemu eyawansi ekutuusa ku bifo eby'enkizo ebiri munda ebyawuddwa empagi z'emmuli,n'embugo eziwundiddwa nokutonaatonebwa ,n'ebifaananyi bya ba ssekabaka.Amasiro gali munda mu kifo ekiyitiwa ekibira nga gasiikiriziddwa embugo obutalabibwa bantu. Wansi waaliriddwa essubi etteete n'emikeeka egirukiddwa mu nsansa.

Oluggya nalwo lwetooloddwa enju eziwerako ez'enzimba ey'enonno , omuli "ennyumba z'abazaana" eziwerako bannamwandu ba bassekabaka omugenzi, abalabirira amaziro . Ennyumba zaabwe mu nonno zizimbibwa mmuli n'obuddongo nga ziriko obusolya obw'obusekende, wadde ng’ekiseera bwe kyagenda kiyitawo ezimu zaddamu okuzimbibwa n'amatofaali n’obusolya obw'ebyuma nebugattibwako n’amalaalo ag’enkolagana y’obwakabaka. N'era ge maka g’abantu b’olulyo olulangira, n’abakungu b’obwakabaka omuli Nalinya ( omukuumi era omulungamya w'ebyemwoyo ) , omumyuka we Lubuga ( avunaanyizibwa ku kukwasaganya ennima mu kifo kino) n’omuyambi we Katikkiro mu by’okuddukanya emirimu . N'era kye kifo ab'ekika ky'engo webakomagira okutonaatona ,okuwunda n'okuyooyota embugo mu nonno era n'obukugu bw'okusereka mu nonno obw'ekika ky'engeye

Ennyumba yali erabirirwa era n'okuddukanyizibwa obwakabaka bwa Buganda, obusinga obunenne ku bwakabaka ob'wemirundi ena obwedda mu Uganda, okutuusa , lwe bwawererbwa ssaabaminisita ( Pulezidenti mu kiseera ekyo ) Milton Obote mu 1966, era nate oluvannyuma bwazzibwawo Pulezidenti Museveni mu 1993. Kyafuuka ekifo ekikuumibwa mu mateeka ga Uganda mu 1972, era ettaka liwandiisiddwa mu mannya ga Kabaka ku lw’obwakabaka.

Ekifo kino kisigala nga kifo kya mugaso mu by’omwoyo n’ebyobufuzi eri Baganda . Mu mwaka gwa 2001, amasiro g'e Kasubi gaalangirirwa ng'ekifo eky'ekitongole ky'ensi yonna ekitwala eby'obuwangwa n'enono UNESCO.

Okwonoonebwa

Munda mu Muzibu Azaala Mpanga mu 2007, mwalimu ebisigalira n’ebifaananyi by’aba kabaka abaaziikiddwa

Ekizimbe ekyalimu entaana zaali ku nkomerero y’oluggya olunene

Okulaba pulaani y’Oluggya Court, nga tukozesa data okuva mu pulojekiti ya laser scanning ku ntandikwa ya 2009

Nga 16 Omwezi ogwokusatu 2010, ku ssaawa nga bbiri n'ekitundu ez'ekiro, amasiro g'e Kasubi gaayonoonebwa omuliro. Ekyavaako omuliro tekinnamanyibwa. Obwakabaka bwa Buganda busuubizza okukola okunoonyereza okwetongodde ku muliro guno, wamu ne poliisi y’eggwanga.

John Baptist Walusimbi, Katikkiro wa Buganda, yategeezezza nga 17 March: Obwakabaka bukungubaga. Tewali bigambo kunyonnyola kufirizibwa kuleeteddwa kikiolwa kino eky'obukambwe -The Guardian Ebisigalira bya ba Ssekabaka tebiriiko kamogo okusinziira ku Walusimbi, engeri ekiffo webaagalamizibwa wekyakuumiddwa obutayonoonebwa

Nga 17 Omwezi ogwokusatu 2010, Ssaabasajja Kabaka wa Buganda, Ronald Muwenda Mutebi II, ne pulezidenti wa Uganda, Yoweri Museveni, baakyalirako amasiro. Ebikumi n’ebikumi by’abantu nabo baatindigga okugenda mu masiro okuyambako okutaasa byonna ebyali bisigaddewo.

Obujagalalo bwabalukawo pulezidenti ng'akyadde. Ab’ebyokwerinda baakuba abeekalakaasi babiri amasasi nebafa (alipoota ezimu zigamba nti basatu) era kigambibwa nti bataano baalumizibwa. Abajaasi ba Uganda ne poliisi nabo baalwanagana n'abayeekera mu kibuga ekikulu Kampala . Amagye gakozesezza omukka ogubalagala okugumbulula abaganda abeekalakaasa.

Okwonooneka kwabaawo wakati mu nkolagana etaali nnungi wakati wa gavumenti ya Uganda n’obwakabaka bwa Buganda naddala olw’obwegugungo obwaliwo mu mwezi gw'omwenda ogwa 2009. Ng’obwegugungo buno tebunnabaawo, Kabaka wa Buganda Ronald Muwenda Mutebi yayimirizibwa okulambula ebitundu by’obwakabaka bwe, era bannamawulire abawerako abagambibwa nti baali basaasira obwakabaka n’abeekalakaasi baakwatibwa ne balindirira okuwozesebwa.

Ebyaddirira omuliro

Ennyumba enkulu oluvannyuma lw’okuddamu okuzimbibwa

Abaddukanya obwakabaka bwa Buganda bwalayira (tofaali) okuddamu okuzimba amasiro era Pulezidenti Museveni n’ategeeza nti gavumenti y’eggwanga egenda okuyambako mu kuzzaawo amasiro gano.

Akakiiko kaateekebwawo okuzuula ekyaviirako omuliro n’okufa kw'abantu abaabulijjo mu nnaku ezaddirira. Akakiiko kano kaakwasa gavumenti ya Uganda alipoota mu Mwezi ogwokusatu 2011, naye omwezi ogwokuna 2012 wegwatuukira, yali tennafulumizibwa eri bantu. Omwezi gw'ekkumineebiri 2012 wegatuukira, enteekateeka y’okuzzaawo amasiro ’e Kasubi yali etongozeddwa n'obuyambi okuva wabweru w'eggwanga . Gavumenti ya Buganda kati etadde essira ku by’okwerinda mu kiseera ky’okuzzaawo ebigenda okukugira okuyingira mu masiro.

Mu kwanukula kino, obubaka bwasindikibwa nga buyita mu kitongole kya UNESCO ekya Japanese Funds-in-Trust for the Preservation of the World Cultural Heritage okutondawo enkola y’okuziyiza okuddamu okuzimba entaana zino. Okusinziira ku byavayo mu babaka , gavumenti ya Japan yasalawo okuwa ensimb pulojekiti okuddamu okuzimba amasiro, okuggyibwa ku lukalala lw’ebifo eby'enkizo mu mu nsi yonna ebiri mu katyabaga, okuteekawo enteekateeka ennuղղamu ey’okuziyiza akabi n’okusindika abakugu mu kuzzaawo ebintu by’obuwangwa.

Ebijuliziddwa

1. Centre, UNESCO World Heritage. "World Heritage Committee Inscribes 31 New Sites on the World Heritage List". Retrieved 14 November 2016.
2. "Tombs of Buganda Kings at Kasubi" (PDF). Retrieved 14 November 2016.
3. Centre, UNESCO World Heritage. "List of World Heritage in Danger: World Heritage Committee inscribes the Tombs of Buganda Kings (Uganda) and removes Galapagos Islands (Ecuador)". Retrieved 14 November 2016.
4. Centre, UNESCO World Heritage. "Reconstruction of the Tombs of the Buganda Kings begins". Retrieved 14 November 2016.
5. "Where the spirits dwell: the Tombs of Buganda Kings in Uganda". UNESCO. 2025-10-03. Retrieved 2025-10-28.
6. "Kasubi Tombs website". Kasubitombs.org. Retrieved 17 March 2010.
7. "Uganda army deploys after fire destroys historic tombs". AFP. Archived from the original on 24 March 2010. Retrieved 17 March 2010.
8. "Uganda's Kasubi royal tombs gutted by fire". BBC News. 17 March 2010. Retrieved 17 March 2010.
9. "Kabaka Mutebi II visits Kasubi tombs". The New Vision. 17 March 2010. Archived from the original on 11 February 2012. Retrieved 17 March 2010.
10. "Kabaka, Museveni, Besigye visit burnt Kasubi tombs". Daily Monitor. 17 March 2010. Retrieved 17 March 2010.
11. "'Two dead' in protests after Uganda tomb fire". AFP. Archived from the original on 24 March 2010. Retrieved 17 March 2010.
12. "Riots after fire guts Uganda tombs". Al Jazeera. Retrieved 17 March 2010.
13. Maseruka, Joseph (17 March 2010). "Kabakas still intact, says Katikkiro". New Vision. Archived from the original on 22 March 2010.
14. "Government to help restore Kasubi tombs". Uganda Media Centre. 17 March 2010. Archived from the original on 26 July 2011. Retrieved 17 March 2010.
15. Lubwama, Siraje (15 April 2012). "Lawyers Sue Government Over Kasubi Tombs Fire". The Observer (Uganda). Retrieved 16 June 2014.
16. Musisi, Frederic (3 December 2012). "Plan To Rebuild Kasubi Tombs Starts". Daily Monitor. Archived from the original on 3 August 2019. Retrieved 16 June 2014.
17. Semakula, John (2 February 2013). "New Security Measures for Kasubi Tombs". New Vision. Retrieved 16 June 2014.
18. Template:Dead link
19. Centre, UNESCO World Heritage. "Safeguarding living cultural traditions at the World Heritage site of Muzibu-Azaala-Mpanga". Retrieved 14 November 2016.
20. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Ya5gAveyM8M

Ebijuliziddwa wabweru wa wikipedia

 

• Amalaalo ga Bassekabaka ba Buganda e Kasubi, UNESCO World Heritage Center
• Amalaalo g'e Kasubi
• Kasubi Tombs Digital Media Archive (ebifaananyi ebirina layisinsi za creative commons, laser scans, panorama), nga tukozesa data okuva mu nkolagana y’okunoonyereza eya Skybucket 3D/Plowman-Craven/ CyArk
• Omuliro Gusaanyizzaawo Amalaalo g'e Kasubi, Uganda Daily Monitor, 17 March 2010