Nabuzimbe(Matter)

Nabuzimbe

Gakuweebwa Charles Muwanga !! Nabuzimbe (Matter).Nabuzimbe kifunze kya "nakazaala w'obuzimbe"(parent structure) bwa buli kintu. "Nakazaala w'obuzimbe"(parent structure) ky'ekyo ekiraga obuzimbe bwa buli kintu. Buli kintu kirina "enzitoya"(mass) ekola obuzimbe bwakyo(its structure).

Emiramwa nabuzinbe, obuzito(weight) n’enzitoya(mass) giriraaniganye nnyo kyokka buli gumu gulimu amakulu agagwawula ku mulala.Obuzito buva ku nzitoya (mass) okusinziira ku nsika eba eriwo (depending on the existing gravity). Enzitoya ezitoya ki? Enzitoya ezitoya Nabuzimbwe. Nabuzinbe kyawukana kitya n’enzitoya?

Enzitoya (Mass) + Obuzito (Weight) = Nabuzinbe (Matter).

Kino kitegeeza buli nzitoyo erina enzitoya n’obuzito mu mbeera ey’essikirizo (gravity) engere.

Mu njogera eya bulijjo oyinza okukozesa ekigambo “ekintu” kyokka mu sayansi kiba kirungi n’okozesa “enzitoyo”. Enzitoyo ky’ekyo ekiri buli w’obeera nga kirina enzitoya (mass)ate nga kibugaana ekibangirizo.

Nabuzimbe (matter), era ekiyitibwa matiiriyo, oba sabusitansi oba ekikolebwa atomu (zi atomu) ne molekyu (molecules).

Buli nzitoyo erina akakwate n’ekitangaala n’olubugumu lwa erakitomagineeti (electromagnetic radiation). Yadde nga mu bwengula mwonna musangibwamu nabuzimbe, nabuzimbe ebeera mu mbeera mbale bubazi, eziyitibwa embeera z’enzitoyo (states of matter). Mu mbeera nabuzimbe mulimu:

 Enkalubo (solids)

 ebikulukusi (liquids)

 Ggaasi oba omukka

 Ejjengerero (plasma)

 Oluzira (Bose-Einstein condensates)

"Embeera za nabuzimbe"(States of Matter) kikwata ku buzimbe bwa atomu oba" obuzimbe bw'akaziba"(the structure of the atom) ne molekyu ezibeera mu buli kintu. Kimanye nti waliwo enjawulo wakati wa kakulukusi (liquid) n’ekitengejjeso (fluid). Ekitengejjeso ky’ekyo ekireetera ebintu okutengejja nga muno mupaamu empewo n’amazzi so ng’ate kakulukusi ky’ekyo ekikulukuta mu ngeri ey’amazzi.

Ebyobuziba ebya Nabuzimbe (The Chemistry of Matter)

Nga bwe tumaze okulaba nti essomabutonde/essomabuzimbe(Physics) n'ebyobiziba(Chemistry) masomo agalina akakwate akatasattululwa, kati ka tutunuulire ebyobuziba ebya Nabuzimbe.

(i). Ebyobuziba bw'enzitoyo n'Amasoboza

Ebyobuziba, okufaanana nga essomabutonde, ye sayansi anoonyereza oba eyekebejja obuzimbe bwa nabuzimbe ( the structure of matter) n’amasoboza (energy) n’engeri ebibiri bino gye bikolaganamu.

Obutoffaali bwa nabuzimbe obusookerwako bwe biziba (atoms) obwegatta okukola molekyu. Obuziba ne molekyu bwe byekwataggana (when they interact, react) bikola ebitondeko ebipya okuyita mu kikyusabuziba(chemical reactions). Serinnya ekikyusabuziba oba ekykyusazziba (reaction) eva mu kikolwa eky’okwekyusazziba (to react) ate nga kyo ekikolwa kino kiva mu kigambo “atomu”. Okutomeggana kiraga nti kibaawo wakati wa obuziba (atoms) obw'enjawulo .

(ii) Essomabuziba oba Ebyobuziba kye ki? (What is chemistry ?)

Essomabuziba ly’essomo ly’enzitoya n’amasoboza n’enkolagana ezigenda mu maaso wakati w’ebibiri bino. Kyokka era ensonjola eno kitundu ku nsonjola y’essomabutonde, lwa kuba nga ensonjola ya essomabuziba erimu emiramwa emirala nga “empalirizo” (forces) ate nga ddyo lisoma n’obuzimbe bw’enzitoya ennene nga seng’endo z’obwengula, si butoniinya bwokka.

Essomabuziba ne essomabutonde matabi ga sayansi wa nkula za butonde (physical science).

Essomabuzibba liteeka essira ku bisonjozo bya sebusitansi n’enkolagana oba akakwate akali wakati w’enzitoyo ez’enjawulo, naddala okutomeggana okugenda mu maaso mu busannyalazo (electrons).

Essomabutonde lisoma ne ku kitundu kya atomu ekya nyukiriya, n’ebigenda mu maaso ku mutendera ogw’obutiniinya bwa atomu (subatomic particles), awamu n’obuzimbe bw’obwaguuga bwa seng’endo eziri mu bwengula, omuli ebisinde (galaxies), enjuba oba emmunyenye (the suns), enkulungo (planets, emyezi, awamu n’ebibajjo abitayaaya eyo mu bwengula.

(iii) Lwaki kyetaagisa okusoma Ebyobuziba/Essomabuziba?

Kubanga okutegeera ebyobuziba kiyamba okukumanyisa ku bigenda mu maaso mu nsi ekwetoolodde. Obadde okumanyi nti ebintu ebigenda mu maaso mu bulamu obwa bulijjo nga okufumba, okutalagga, okuvunda, ekikola ku mmere (digestion), n’okukula birimu Ebyobuziba (Ekikyusabuziba? Mu butuufu buli ky’okwatako, ky’olegako, oba ky’owunyirizaako eba nkyusabuziba(chemical). Bw’osoma eebyobuziba otandika okutegeera engeri ebintu gye bikola. Essomabuziba si kumanya kwekusifu, okutalina mugaso eri oyo atali munnasayansi.

Essomabuziba(Ebyobuzuba) kinnyonnyola ebintu ebigenda mu maaso buli lunaku nga okutabula eddagala, okukola ssabbuuni oba ebigimusa, okujjanjaba endwadde. Bw’oba olina ky’omanyi ku essomabuziba oba osobola okulonda bitondeko ki (which products) bye wetaaga okukozesa mu bulamu obwa bulijjo.

Essomabuziba ye sayansi asoma ebirungo, ebisonjozo, n’ebigenda mu maaso mu sebusitansi ez’ebiramu n’ezitari za biramu ne erementi ez’enzitoyo ez’enjawulo. Essomabuzimbe n’olwekyo asobola okweyambisibwa mu bintu bingi naye okusingira ddala mu sayansi n’eddagala. Banna essomabuziba, bannassomabuzimbe, bannassomabiramu, n'abanonooza bonna bakola amasomo agalimu essomabuziba.

Bannasayansi, Badokita, abasawo b’amannyo, abakugu b’eddagala, abayunzi, n’abasawo b’ebisolo, abasawo b’agirikakya, abasomesa ba sayansi, abalwanyisa omuliro, abavuzi b’emotoka, abakola ku nviiri, abafumbi, n’okweyongerayo bonna bakozesa ebyobuziba(chemistry).