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Obulwadde bwa kabootongo

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Obulwadde bwa kabootongo
Type of disease Kyusa Wikidata
Subclass oftreponematosis, classic venereal disease Kyusa Wikidata
Facet ofwomen's health Kyusa Wikidata
Has causeTreponema pallidum Kyusa Wikidata
Studied bysyphilidology, syphilology Kyusa Wikidata
Health specialtyinfectious diseases, dermatology Kyusa Wikidata
Medical exa­mi­na­tionVenereal Disease Research Laboratory test, Rapid plasma reagin, Wassermann test, FTA-ABS, optical microscope, immunofluorescence microscopy, polymerase chain reaction Kyusa Wikidata
Disease trans­mis­sion processsexually transmitted infection Kyusa Wikidata
Minimal incu­ba­tion period in humans9 day Kyusa Wikidata
Maximal incu­ba­tion period in humans90 day Kyusa Wikidata
Disease burden7,038,641±1 disability-adjusted life year Kyusa Wikidata

Obulwadde bwa kabootongo bulwadde obusiigibwa mu by'okwegatta obuva ku buwuka obuyitibwa Treponema pallidum subspecies pallidum.[1] Tewayinza kubaawo bubonero bwonna.[2] Bwe kitaba ekyo, zaawukana okusinziira ku mitendera ki ku ena egiriwo (egya pulayimale, ey’okubiri, egy’ekyama, n’egy’okusatu).[3]

Omutendera ogusookerwako mu ngeri ya kikula gulaga ne chancre emu ( amabwa g’olususu aganywevu, agataliimu bulumi, agatali gasiiwa ebiseera ebisinga wakati wa 1 cm ne 2 cm mu buwanvu) wadde nga wayinza okubaawo amabwa agawera.[4] Mu bulwadde bwa kabootongo obw’okubiri, wabaawo ekizimba ekisaasaana, ekitera okukwata engalo z’emikono n’engalo z’ebigere.[4] Wayinza n’okubaawo amabwa mu kamwa oba mu bukyala.[4] Mu bulwadde bwa kabootongo obukwekebwa, obuyinza okumala emyaka, obubonero buba butono oba tebuliiwo.[4] Mu bulwadde bwa kabootongo obw’okusatu, waliwo ennyindo (okukula okugonvu, okutali kwa kookolo), obuzibu mu busimu oba obubonero bw’omutima.[5] Obulwadde bwa kabootongo bubadde bumanyiddwa nga " omugeegeenzi omukulu " kuba buyinza okuleeta obubonero obufaananako n'endwadde endala nnyingi.[3][4]

Obulwadde bwa kabootongo businga kusaasaana nga buyita mu kwegatta.[4] Era kiyinza okusiigibwa okuva ku maama okutuuka ku mwana ng’oli lubuto oba ng’azaalibwa, ekivaamu obulwadde bwa kabootongo obuzaalibwa nabwo.[4][6] Endwadde endala ezireetebwa obuwuka bwa Treponema mulimu yaws (subspecies pertenue ), pinta (subspecies carateum ), ne nonvenereal endemic syphilis (subspecies endemicum ).[5] Endwadde zino essatu tezitera kukwatibwa mu kaboozi.[7] Okuzuula obulwadde butera okukolebwa nga bakozesa okukebera omusaayi ; obuwuka buno era busobola okuzuulibwa nga tukozesa enkola ya dark field microscopy.[4] Ekitongole ekivunaanyizibwa ku kulwanyisa endwadde ekya Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (US) kiteesa nti abakyala bonna ab’embuto bakeberebwe.[4]

Obulabe bw'okusiiga obulwadde bwa kabootongo mu by'okwegatta busobola okukendeezebwa ng'okozesa kondomu ya latex oba polyurethane.[4] Obulwadde bwa kabootongo busobola okujjanjabibwa obulungi n'eddagala eritta obuwuka.[8] Eddagala eritta obuwuka erisinga okukozesebwa ye benzathine benzylpenicillin eriyisibwa mu kinywa.[8] Mu abo abalina allergy ey’amaanyi ku penicillin, doxycycline oba tetracycline eyinza okukozesebwa.[8] Mu abo abalina obulwadde bwa neurosyphilis, kirungi okuweebwa eddagala lya benzylpenicillin oba ceftriaxone mu misuwa.[8] Mu kiseera ky’obujjanjabi abantu bayinza okufuna omusujja, okulumwa omutwe, n’okulumwa ebinywa, enkola emanyiddwa nga Jarisch–Herxheimer.[8]

Mu mwaka gwa 2022 waaliwo abantu obukadde 8 abapya abakwatibwa kabootongo mu bantu abakulu ab’emyaka 15-49 mu nsi yonna.[2] Emyaka 20 egiyise gibaddemu okweyongera okw’amaanyi mu nsi yonna mu muwendo gw’abalwadde.[9] Mu 2015, nga 45.4 abantu obukadde baakwatibwa obulwadde bwa kabootongo,[10] n’abapya obukadde mukaaga.[11] Mu mwaka gwa 2015, yafa abantu nga 107,000, nga kino kyakendeera okuva ku bantu 202,000 mu 1990.[12][13] Oluvannyuma lw’okukendeera ennyo ng’eddagala lya penicillin liriwo mu myaka gya 1940, emiwendo gy’abakwatibwa obulwadde buno gyeyongedde okuva ku ntandikwa y’emyaka lukumi mu nsi nnyingi, emirundi mingi nga bwegattibwa wamu n’akawuka akaziyiza obusimu obuziyiza endwadde (HIV).[5][14] Kino kirowoozebwa nti kiva ku kitundu ku kweyongera kw’obukaba, obwamalaaya, okukendeeza ku kukozesa kondomu, n’okwegatta okutali kwa bukuumi mu basajja abeegatta n’abasajja.[15][16][17]

Ebiwandiiko ebikozesebwa

[kyusa | kolera mu edit source]
  1. ↑ Ghanem, Khalil G.; Hook, Edward W. (2020). "303. Syphilis". In Goldman, Lee; Schafer, Andrew I. (eds.). Goldman-Cecil Medicine (in Lungereza). Vol. 2 (26th ed.). Philadelphia: Elsevier. pp. 1983–1989. ISBN 978-0-323-55087-1. Archived from the original on 30 June 2023. Retrieved 8 May 2023.
  2. 1 2 "Syphilis". www.who.int (in Lungereza). World Health Organization. 21 May 2024. Archived from the original on 17 August 2024. Retrieved 16 August 2024.
  3. 1 2 Ferri, Fred F. (2022). "Syphilis". Ferri's Clinical Advisor 2022 (in Lungereza). Philadelphia: Elsevier. pp. 1452=1454. ISBN 978-0-323-75571-9. Archived from the original on 1 July 2023. Retrieved 7 May 2023.
  4. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 "Syphilis – CDC Fact Sheet (Detailed)". CDC. 2 Gwakkuminogumu(Museenene) 2015. Archived from the original on 6 Gwakubiri (Mukutulansanja) 2016. Retrieved 3 Gwakubiri (Mukutulansanja) 2016.
  5. 1 2 3 Kent ME, Romanelli F (February 2008). "Reexamining syphilis: an update on epidemiology, clinical manifestations, and management". Annals of Pharmacotherapy. 42 (2): 226–36. doi:10.1345/aph.1K086. PMID 18212261.
  6. ↑ Woods CR (June 2009). "Congenital syphilis-persisting pestilence". Pediatr. Infect. Dis. J. 28 (6): 536–7. doi:10.1097/INF.0b013e3181ac8a69. PMID 19483520.
  7. ↑ "Pinta". NORD. Archived from the original on 16 August 2018. Retrieved 13 April 2018.
  8. 1 2 3 4 5 "Syphilis". CDC. 4 Gwamukaaga(Ssebaaseka) 2015. Archived from the original on 21 Gwakubiri (Mukutulansanja) 2016. Retrieved 3 Gwakubiri (Mukutulansanja) 2016.
  9. ↑ Ghanem KG, Ram S, Rice PA (February 2020). "The Modern Epidemic of Syphilis". N. Engl. J. Med. 382 (9): 845–54. doi:10.1056/NEJMra1901593. PMID 32101666.
  10. ↑ GBD 2015 Disease and Injury Incidence and Prevalence, Collaborators. (8 October 2016). "Global, regional, and national incidence, prevalence, and years lived with disability for 310 diseases and injuries, 1990-2015: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2015". Lancet. 388 (10053): 1545–1602. doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(16)31678-6. PMC 5055577. PMID 27733282. {{cite journal}}: |first= has generic name (help)
  11. ↑ Newman, L; Rowley, J; Vander Hoorn, S; Wijesooriya, NS; Unemo, M; Low, N; Stevens, G; Gottlieb, S; Kiarie, J; Temmerman, M (2015). "Global Estimates of the Prevalence and Incidence of Four Curable Sexually Transmitted Infections in 2012 Based on Systematic Review and Global Reporting". PLOS One. 10 (12): e0143304. Bibcode:2015PLoSO..1043304N. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0143304. PMC 4672879. PMID 26646541.
  12. ↑ GBD 2015 Mortality and Causes of Death, Collaborators. (8 October 2016). "Global, regional, and national life expectancy, all-cause mortality, and cause-specific mortality for 249 causes of death, 1980-2015: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2015". Lancet. 388 (10053): 1459–1544. doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(16)31012-1. PMC 5388903. PMID 27733281. {{cite journal}}: |first= has generic name (help)
  13. ↑ Lozano, R (15 December 2012). "Global and regional mortality from 235 causes of death for 20 age groups in 1990 and 2010: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2010". Lancet. 380 (9859): 2095–128. doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(12)61728-0. hdl:10536/DRO/DU:30050819. PMID 23245604. Archived from the original on 19 May 2020. Retrieved 14 July 2020.
  14. ↑ Franzen, C (December 2008). "Syphilis in composers and musicians--Mozart, Beethoven, Paganini, Schubert, Schumann, Smetana". European Journal of Clinical Microbiology & Infectious Diseases. 27 (12): 1151–7. doi:10.1007/s10096-008-0571-x. PMID 18592279.
  15. ↑ Coffin, L. S.; Newberry, A.; Hagan, H.; Cleland, C. M.; Des Jarlais, D. C.; Perlman, D. C. (January 2010). "Syphilis in Drug Users in Low and Middle Income Countries". The International Journal on Drug Policy. 21 (1): 20–7. doi:10.1016/j.drugpo.2009.02.008. PMC 2790553. PMID 19361976.
  16. ↑ Gao, L; Zhang, L; Jin, Q (September 2009). "Meta-analysis: prevalence of HIV infection and syphilis among MSM in China". Sexually Transmitted Infections. 85 (5): 354–8. doi:10.1136/sti.2008.034702. PMID 19351623.
  17. ↑ Karp, G; Schlaeffer, F; Jotkowitz, A; Riesenberg, K (January 2009). "Syphilis and HIV co-infection". European Journal of Internal Medicine. 20 (1): 9–13. doi:10.1016/j.ejim.2008.04.002. PMID 19237085.
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