Robert Mwanga

 

Robert Mwanga mugassi w'abimera okuva mu Uganda . Mu 2016 yali omu ku bana abaafuna ekirabo kya World Food Prize olw’omulimu gwe yakola ku by’okunyweza obutonde mu birime naddala okukola lumonde (OFSP) alina ekikuta kya langi ya kachungwa, erimu ekirungo kya vitamiini A .

Obuvo bwe

Mwanga yazaalibwa mu 1954 ku kyalo Budhabangula mu Uganda. Ye ne baganda be ekkumi baakuzibwa ku faamu okumpi ne Busota mu Disitulikiti y’eKamuli mu Ttundutundu ly’obuvanjuba bw’eggwanga, ab’omu maka ge gye baali balimira emmwanyi ne ppamba wamu n’ebirime eby’emmere, omwali lumonde, kasooli, ebinyebwa, ebijanjaalo n’ebibala n’enva endiirwa ez’enjawulo.

Okusoma kwe

Essomero Mwanga gye yasooka okusomera pulayimale lyali mayiro nnya okuva ewaabwe era buli lunaku yatambulanga okugenda n’okudda ngali ne bannyina babiri. Oluvannyuma yasomerako mu ssomero lya pulayimale eryali mayiro ezisukka mu 100 okuva awaka, ng’abeera ne mwannyina omukulu. Yafuna sikaala ya gavumenti okusoma siniya bwe yali tannagenda ku yunivasite y’eMakerere mu Kampala okusoma eby’ebimera, eby’ensolo, ne Geography, era ng’ayambibwako sikaala ya gavumenti. Yatikkirwa mu 1978, era ne yeegatta ku National Agricultural Research Laboratory e Kawanda, ng’omugassi w’ebirime by'omuttaka. Wabula kino kyali kiseera kya butabanguko mu bantu mu kiseera ky’obufuzi bwa Idi Amin, era ebifo bya laboratory byali bisaanyiziddwaawo olw’okusala ku nsimbi. Mwanga yava mu Uganda mu 1983 n’agenda okukola mu kitongole kya International Institute of Tropical Agriculture (IITA) e Ibadan mu Nigeria. Oluvannyuma yagenda mu Yunivasite ya Philippines Los Banos, nga eno essira erissa ku bya bulimi, gye yafunira diguli eyookubiri mu 1986. Oluvannyuma lw’emyaka kkumi, yagenda mu North Carolina State University (NCSU) mu Amerika, okusoma okugatta ebimera n’eby'obutonde, ng’ayambibwako eby'ensimbi okuva mu McKnight Foundation Collaborative Crop Research Program, era n’afuna diguli eyookusatu mu 2001. Ekimu ku bigendererwa ebikulu eby’okunoonyereza kwe ku NCSU yalina okugatta bimera olw’okwongera ku B-Carotene mu lumonde.

Omulimu gwe

Wakati wa 1986 ne 1990, Mwanga yatandikawo pulogulaamu y’emirandira ne tubers mu kitongole kya Namulonge Agricultural and Animal Production Research Institute mu Uganda, ng’ayambibwako USAID . Enteekateeka eno yali yasikiriza abagassi b'alumonde okuva mu mawanga kkumi agali mu mawanga agaliraanye eddungu Sahara abaagenda mu Uganda okutumbula obukugu bwabwe mu kugatta ebimera. Oluvannyuma lw’okufuna diguli eyookusatu (PhD), yaddayo mu Uganda n’agenda mu maaso n’emirimu gye, ng’ayongera okuyambibwa okuva mu kitongole kya McKnight Foundation. Oluvannyuma ensimbi endala zaamuweebwa ekitongole kya Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation . Mu 2008, Mwanga yafuuka akulira banne mu International Potato Center omulunzi wa OFSP mu Buvanjuba bwa Africa.

Byatuuseeko

Abaana abasoba mu 40% abatannagenda ku ssomero n’abakyala ab’embuto 10% mu mawanga agali mu okumpi n'eddungu Sahara tebafuna vitamiini A emala.Ebbula lya vitamiini A ery’amaanyi liyinza okuvaako okuziba amaaso n’okwongera ku mikisa gy’omwana okufa endwadde eza bulijjo, gamba ng’ekiddukano n’omusujja gw’ensiri. Okusinziira ku Mwanga, abaana 51 abali wansi w’emyaka mukaaga be bafa buli lunaku mu Uganda olw’ebbula lya Vitamiini A. Kyenkana tekisoboka kutuusa kkapiso za vitamiini A mu maka gonna mu Afrika naye okuzifuula ezifunibwa nga ziyita mu mmere y'ekinnansi kiyinza okumalawo ekizibu kino.

Mwanga ye yali omutwe mu kukulembeza okunoonyereza ku lumonde mu Uganda, ekyaviirako lumonde omweru okusikizibwa OFSP alimu vitamiini A mu ndya y’omu byalo. Wakati wa 1995 ne 2013, pulogulaamu ye yafulumya ebika bya OFSP 20 ebyakolebwa okuva mu bika bya wano n’ebika ebyaggyibwa mu Amerika, Asia, n’ebitongole by’ensi yonna. Yakiraba nti tekimala kukola bika bipya byokka nga ebirimu vitamiini A omungi. Bino byali birina okukkirizibwa abantu, okusinga abaali baagala ennyo empooma y'ebika bya lumonde owabwe ow'abulijjo omweru oba owa kyenvu. N’olwekyo yakola OFSP eyali tawoomerera nnyo okusobola okusikiriza abaguzi. Kyali kikulu okusikiriza abalimi n’abaguzi abalala ku migaso gy’endya egy’okulima OFSP n’emigaso gy’ebyenfuna. Okutuukiriza ekyo, yasobola okugatta amakungula okweyongera n’okugumira obuwuka n’obutakwatibwa mangu birwadde mu bimera, ekyaviirako abalimi okweyongera okumwettanira.

Mu mwaka gwa 2014, abalimi abasoba mu 30 ku buli 100 mu Uganda baali balima ebika bya OFSP Mwanga bye yali akoze. Ye n’abanoonyereza abalala baategeka ebibinja by’abalimi okutunda amalagala ag'okusimba eri abalimi abalala abalimira awatonotono era kampeyini z’okusomesa abantu zaakozesebwa okutumbula OFSP, nga bakozesa amasaati, ebipande, ne loole ensiige langi y'akacungwa eyaka. Abakola emmere bakubirizibwa okukola emmere nga chips z’alumonde wa langi y'akacungwa n'omusekule nga bamupaakinze bulungi. Ensigo z’alumonde w'eddagala ezisoba mu 600,000 (ebika ebigatte) zaagabwa ne mu mawanga agali mu okumpi n'eddungu Sahara okuva mu nteekateeka ya Mwanga.

Engule ze

Mwanga yaweebwa awaadi ya World Food Prize ekya 2016, ng’ali wamu ne Maria Andrade, eyakola emirimu gy’egimu e Mozambique, Jan Low okuva mu ofiisi ya International Potato Center e Nairobi, ne Howarth Bouis owa International Food Policy Research Institute eyakola emirimu ku biofortification.

Ebitabo by'afulumizza

Mwanga awandiise era naakolagana n'abawandiisi b’ebitabo eby’ekikugu ebisoba mu 200, nga bino byali bijuliziddwa emirundi kumpi 6000 we bwatuukira mu Gwokusatu, 2025.

Laba ne

• Ekirabo ky'Emmere mu nsi yonna