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Sam Magara

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Sam Magara (yafa nga 2 mu mwezi Ogw'omunaana mu 1982) yali munnayuganda omuyeekera, era omu ku baduumizi b'eggye lya National Resistance Army (NRA) mu biseera by'olutalo lw'omu nsiko olwa Uganda Bush War . Aludde ng’akolagana n’omukulembeze wa NRA Yoweri Museveni, yafuuka omuduumizi owookubiri mu 1981 era nakola ogw'obuduumizi bw'eggye lya NRA ow'ekiseera nga taliiwo.Wabula yabulwa obuganzi oluvannyuma lwabebyokwerinda munda mu ggye lya NRA bwebatandikka okutebeereza nti yalina enteeketeka z'okugya Museveni mu buyinza.Magara oluvannyuma yattibwa ab’ebyokwerinda mu Kampala ku nkomerero y'omwaka gwa 1982.

Ebikwata ku bulamu bwe

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Obuto bwe n'okuwangangusibwa

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Sam Emmanuel Magara [1] yali Muhima mu kika kya Bahinda. [2] Yazaalibwa Mutembeya, omukulembeze w'essaza mu Ankole. [3] Sam Magara yeegatta ku kibiina kya Yoweri Museveni Front for National Salvation (FRONASA) [1] nga bukyali. FRONASA yakola okugyawo enfuga gwa Idi Amin,nakyemalira wa Uganda okuva mu 1971 okutuuka mu 1979. Mu 1973, muganda wa Magara Martin Mwesiga yattibwa mu kukuba amasasi wakati w’abatujju ba FRONASA n’abebyokwerinda ba Amin. Oluvannyuma Magara n’ab’omu maka ge baddukira mu buwanganguse. [3]

Bwe yawangangusibwa e Tanzania, yatandika okusoma mu yunivasite y'e Dar es Salaam okufuna diguli eyookubiri . Eyo gye yasisinkanira Joy eyafuuka mukyala we mu biseera by'omu maaso. Ababiri bano baasenguka ne bagenda e Kenya, gye baagattibwa e Nairobi mu 1977. [3] Magara era yali munnamateeka, [3] era yaweereza mu kibiina kya Save Uganda Movement okumala ekiseera. [4] Amin yasuulibwa mu lutalo lwa Uganda ne Tanzania olwa 1978–1979. Magara yatandika okutendekebwa [5] mu ttendekero ly'amagye erisangibwa e Tanzania e Monduli . [2] Yaddayo e Uganda mu nkomerero y'emyaka gya 1980, entalo mu by'obufuzi gyezaali zeyongedde. Eyali Pulezidenti Milton Obote yali awangudde akalulu mu mwezi Ogwekuminebbiri 1980, ebyavaamu ebyawakanyizibwa ennyo ab’oludda oluvuganya mu Uganda okuli ne Museveni. Ebibinja by’abayeekera ebiwerako byegatta okulwanyisa gavumenti ya Obote n’amagye gaayo aga Uganda National Liberation Army (UNLA), mu lutalo lw’ensiko olwa Uganda Bush War. [5]

Olutalo lw'omu nsiko mu Uganda

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Obuyeekera bw’amagye ga Resistance Army agamanyiddwa ennyo

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  Mu mwezi Ogw'ekkuminebbiri mu

1980, Museveni yayita abawagizi be ab’oku lusegere n’emikwano gye basisinkane e Makindye ; Magara y’omu ku beetaba mu nsisinkano eno.Ekibiina kino kyateesa okutongoza enteekateeka z’okutandika obuyeekera. Museveni yawa Magara omulimu gw'okukwatagana n'abawagizi b'ekibiina kya " Gang of Four ", [2] ekiwayi ky'abakomunisiti ekivuganya gavumenti. [5] Bombi, baalambula enkambi z'ekibinja kya UNLF-AD, Ekibinja ky'ekiwayi kya "Gang of Four" mu nsozi za Rwenzori. [5] Mu kiseera ekyo, okuvuganya mu by'obufuzi wakati wa Museveni ne Obote kweyongera abawagizi nebatuuka n'okwetusaako obulabe omuli n'okwettemula. Magara n’abaali mu kibiina kya FRONASA wansi w’obukulembeze bwe batta abaali abalwanyi ba Kikosi Maalum abawerako abaali abeesigwa eri Obote.[6]

Ku ntandikwa ya 1981, Magara yali mu kibinja ekitono ekyakola eggye lya Museveni erya Popular Resistance Army (PRA), eggye ly’abayeekera eryali lirina okugoba gavumenti ya Obote.[7] Mu kiseera ekyo, Magara yali luteenanti ow'okubiri era omu ku bajaasi abatono abatendekeddwa mu by'ekikugu mu kibinja kya Museveni. Olw'embeera y'obuvo bwe,[1] n'okubeera ku lusegere lwa Museveni,[8] yafuuka omuduumizi w'omukulembeze wa PRA owookubiri. [9]

Museveni ng'ali wamu ne Elly Tumwine, Magara yateekateeka ekikwekweto kya PRA ekyasooka ekyatuuka ku ntikko mu lutalo lw’e Kabamba mu mwezi Ogw'okubbiri mu 1981. Yaweereza ng’omu ku baduumizi b’abayeekera mu kulwanagana kuno. Akabinja ke kaali kalina okuwamba etterekero ly’ebyokulwanyisa erya Kabamba Military Barracks kye katasobola kukola.[10] Mu mwezi Ogw'okussatu yalondebwa okuduumira akabinja ka PRA ak'okubiri, nga kikolera ku luguudo lwa Kampala – Bombo . [11] Museveni yatera okuleka Magara naduumira PRA yonna ng’ava mu kisaawe. [1] Mu mwezi Ogw'okuna, yali muduumizi wa kkubiri mu kikwekweto ky'abayeekera e Kakiri.[12]

Omuduumizi w’eggye lya National Resistance Army

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Mu mwezi Ogw'omukaaga mu 1981, omukago omuppya ogw’abayeekera gwategekebwa, nga PRA ne Uganda Freedom Fighters bakkiriziganya okwegatta nga National Resistance Movement (NRM), ng’eggye lya National Resistance Army (NRA) oluuyi olulina eby'okulwanyisa.Museveni yafuuka ssentebe w’ekitongole ekiduumira NRA,[13] ate Magara yalondebwa okubeera omumyuka w’omuduumizi wa NRA[14] oluvannyuma lw’omukulembeze we, Ahmed Seguya, okufa obulwadde. Magara yalondebwa nga RO/0005 mu NRA. [15]

Paul Kagame (mu kifaananyi 2003) yateebereza Magara okwekobaana ne Yoweri Museveni .

Museveni ekyavaamu yagenda ebweru w’eggwanga, naleka Magara ng’aduumira NRA okuva mu mwezi Ogw'omukaaga okutuuka mu mwezi Ogw'ekkuminebbiri mu 1981.[16] Kyoka mu kiseera kino, NRA yatandika okufuna obutakwatagana okw’amaanyi munda olw’enjawulo mu mawanga n’embeera wakati w’abayeekera,[17]Ng’ekibinja kino kigaziwa okuva ku balwanyi nga 200 bokka okutuuka ku balwanyi abasoba mu 900. [18] Newankubadde yayogerwako ng’omukulembeze asikiriza era ayagalwa, Magara yali mukambwe ekyayongera okukalubya embeera mu kibiina.Yatta omu ku baserikale be, Shaban Kashanku, [19] oluvannyuma lw’okuwozesebwa okumala akaseera katono. Kashanku yali avudde mu nkambi ya NRA okumala akaseera nga talina lukusa, era Magara yamulumiriza okubeera agenti ow'emirundi ebbiri.[19] Abatujju abalala aba NRA baawakanya okuttibwa kwa Kashanku nga bagamba nti yali agenze mu kibuga ekiriraanyewo kyoka okuttibwa kwe kwayongera okwonoona enkolagana mu kibiina kya NRA,[20] ng’abalwanyi bangi aba bulijjo batya nti nabo bayinza okuttibwa mu bwangu.[21] Okugatta kw'ekyo, Magara yakola ekibinja ne baserikale bane aba NRA Jack Muchunguzi, Hannington Mugabi ne Joram Mugume. [19] Eby'okwerinda munda mu kibiina ebyakulemberwa Paul Kagame batandika okwekengera nti Magara ne bane baali beekobaana kugya Museveni mu buyinza.[22] Abantu Kagame beyali akolagana nabo mu kibiina bakizuula nti akabinja kaali kateekateeka kuggya buyinza ku Museveni, kuwamba gavumenti oba okwekutula okukola eggye ly'abayeekera ery'enjawulo mu nsozi za Rwenzori. Ekabinja ka Magara kateeberezebwa okukolagana n’ekibinja kya Gang of Four mu mbeera eno. Kigambibwa nti Kagame yayimiriza olukwe luno olwaali mu nteekateeka. [2] Museveni yayanguwa okuddayo okuddamu okuduumira oluvannyuma lw’okutegeezebwa ku mbeera eno [19] era yatuuza enkiiko eziwerako n’amagye ge okuzzaawo emirembe. Yasobola okumalawo okusika omuguwa nga aletaawo amateeka gebaali balina okugoberera munda mu kibinja kya NRA. [23]Oluvannyuma Magara yateekebwa ku bbali munda mu kibinja kya NRA.[24]

Mu mwezi Ogw'omunaana mu 1982, Magara n’aba NRA abalala baayingira Kampala ekibuga ekikulu ekya Uganda[1] gyeyali agenze okulaba omusawo w'amannyo olw’obuzibu bw’amannyo bweyalina. Wabula ekifo mwebaali bekweeka kyazuulibwa ne kyetoolebwa abajaasi ba UNLA. Wabula abalwanyi ba NRA abawerako basobola okutoloka, Magara yagezaako okugyayo ebiwandiiko ebikulu nga tannagenda wabula ab’ebyokwerinda baamukuba amasasi [1] mu maka ga Ambasada Katenta Apuuli e Naakulabye [3] nga 2 mu mwezi Ogw'omunaana. [1] Okufa kwe kwakosa nnyo ekibiina kya NRA wabula kigambibwa nti gavumenti ya Obote yakujaguza. [1] Gavumenti yateeka omulambo gwe mu nyiriri n'emirala egy'abantu abaali bateeberezebwa okuba abawagizi ba NRA, ng'eyita e Bugoloobi . [3] Engambo zatandikka mangu mu NRA nga balumiriza nti Magara yattibwa olw’okusika omuguwa okwali kugenda mu maaso mu NRA; [3] Abaduumizi ba NRA baawa ekiragiro nti tewali muntu yenna alina kwogera ku kufa kwe. John Kazoora omujaasi wa NRA yategeeza nti "kyeyoleka lwatu nti [Magara] bamulyamu olukwe ekintu ekyamukosa". [19] Mu nkomerero, babbiri ku bagambibwa okuba nga baali mu lukwe lwa Magara, Mugabi ne Muchunguzi, battibwa mu mbeera ezitaategerekeka; [19] Kigambibwa nti Muchunguzi yattibwa Kagame.

Famire ya Magara yategeezebwa ku kufa kwe oluvannyuma lw’emyezi mukaaga, era mwannyina yasobola okuteekateeka okuziika kwe okulungi e Lugogo . [3] Ye ne muganda we Martin Mwesiga baziikulwa ne baddamu okuziikibwa e Rutooma, Kajara, mu 2005. [3]

Sam ne Joy Magara baazaala abaana bana: Stalin Kanduho (yazaalibwa 1975), Patricia Magara (yazaalibwa mu mwaka gwa 1978), Sam Mwerindebiro (yazaalibwa 1980), ne Emmanuel Noowe.Oluvannyuma Stalin Kanduho yafuuka omuserikale mu ggye lya Uganda People's Defence Force, ekibiina ekyaddira NRA mu bigere, ate Patricia Magara n'afuuka munnamateeka.Olw’emirimu gya Magara ng’omuyeekera, amaka gano gaamala emyaka gya 1970 n’okutandika kwa 1980 okusinga mu buwanganguse e Kenya, okukkakkana nga bakomyewo mu Uganda mu 1984.

Ebijjuliziddwa

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  1. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 Joshua Kato (5 February 2005). "Who was Magara?". New Vision. Archived from the original on 14 June 2016.
  2. 1 2 3 4 Ssemujju Ibrahim Nganda (6 August 2009). "WHO FOUGHT: Kagame helped Museveni crush internal NRA revolt". Observer. Archived from the original on 28 October 2017.
  3. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 Risdel Kasasira (13 January 2014). "Our childhood was in exile – Patricia Magara". Daily Monitor. Archived from the original on 30 September 2021. Retrieved 30 September 2021.
  4. ↑ "UPDF through the years; is it professional now?". Observer. 5 February 2013. Archived from the original on 30 September 2021. Retrieved 30 September 2021.
  5. 1 2 3 4 Lubega, Henry (4 June 2016). "How UNLF-AD came to fight alongside Museveni in NRA Bush War". Daily Monitor. Archived from the original on 22 January 2021. Retrieved 30 September 2021.
  6. ↑ https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Template:Sfn
  7. ↑ https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Template:Sfn
  8. ↑ https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Template:Sfn
  9. ↑ Risdel Kasasira (9 September 2019). "Sectarianism, insecurity forced us to wage war against Obote". Daily Monitor. Archived from the original on 30 September 2021. Retrieved 30 September 2021.
  10. ↑ https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Template:Sfn
  11. ↑ https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Template:Sfn
  12. ↑ https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Template:Sfn
  13. ↑ https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Template:Sfn
  14. ↑ https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Template:Sfn
  15. ↑ Mwanguhya Mpagi; Risdel Kasasira (5 February 2014). "Here are NRA's top 100 fighters". Daily Monitor. Archived from the original on 18 August 2021. Retrieved 30 September 2021.
  16. ↑ https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Template:Sfn
  17. ↑ https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Template:Sfn
  18. ↑ https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Template:Sfn
  19. 1 2 3 4 5 6 Emmanuel Mutaizibwa (20 August 2021). "Gen Kutesa was a 'civilian' in army garb". Daily Monitor. Archived from the original on 20 August 2021. Retrieved 30 September 2021.
  20. ↑ https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Template:Sfn
  21. ↑ https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Template:Sfn
  22. ↑ https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Template:Sfn
  23. ↑ https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Template:Sfn
  24. ↑ https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Template:Sfn

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