Grace Ibingira

 

Grace Stuart Katebariirwe Ibingira (23 Meeyi 1932 – Decemba 1995) yali munnamateeka Munnayuganda era munnabyabufuzi.

Early life

Grace Ibingira yazaalibwa 23 Meeyi 1932 mu Ssaaza ly'e Ibanda , mu disitulikiti y'e Ankole , Uganda Protectorate. Kitaawe , Alfred Katebarirwe, yali wa Gombolola . okuva 1942 okutuusa 1950 yasomera ku Mbarara High School. Omwaka gwaddako yagenda mu King's College Budo. Yatikkirwa mu 1953 ne satifiketi ya Cambridge School eya gulaadi 1 . Oluvannyuma yasoma amateeka natikkirwa mu 1958 magna cum laude mu University College Wales, Aberystwyth. Ibingira yamaliriza emisomo gye mu 1959 n'omwaka gumu ogw'okukola ng'amaze okutikkirwa ku University of London. Aba Middle Temple bamuyita mu kaguli ng'omu ku bawolereza ba kkooti enkulu eya Bungereza , . Omwaka gwe gumu ogwo yakomawo mu Kampala nakola nga munnamateeka mu kkooti ya Uganda enkulu .

Eby'obufuzi bye

Ayingira eby'obufuzi

Mu 1960 Ibingira y'omu ku baatandikawo ekibiina ki Uganda People's Congress (UPC) ne Milton Obote ne Abu Mayanja. OboteObote yafuuka omukulembeze w'ekibiina ate Ibingira ye naafuuka omuwabuzi w'ekibiina . Obuwagizibwe mu by'obufuzi bwava mu bifo 4 :UPC masiini y'eby'obufuzi mu Ankole, bannabyabufuzi okuva mu munisipaali ne disitulikiti z'omumambuka abatiisibwatisibwa enkola za Obote mu bantu abasomi ababuyabuya abasanga enkola za Obote nga ezitali nungamu ne Edward Mutesa, Kabaka (king) wa Buganda.

Ibingira yakola omulimu munene mu kusalawo butya bendera ya Uganda bwerina okufaanana

Ibingira yalondebwa palamenti mu 1960 mu Ankole Eishengyero (olukiiko lwa disitulikiti ). Democratic Party (DP) yawangula akalulu ka Uganda akaasookera ddala okuba akeerufu mu 1961, n'ekola gavumenti . Bannakibiina ba UPC n'abaganda baali tebaagala musingi gwa bukatoliki obwa DP, naye beewakanyanga ku buli omu kyeyali ateese . Ng'oggyeeko ebyo , Ibingira yaweebwa obuvunaanyizibwa okukwatagana n'abaganda okukola omukago . UPC yamulonda lw'ekyokyo kye yali kubanga yali amanyidde Mutesa. Oluvannyuma lw'okwenyigiramu enfunda eziwera , UPC n'abakulembeze ba Baganda era oluvannyuma endagaano yatuukibwako. Mu bwangu Abaganda batondawo Kabaka Yekka (KY), ekibiina ky'obufuzi eky'ennono ekyayingira omukago ne UPC. nga kigobererra obuwanguzi bwa UPC mu kulonda kwa bonna mu Apuli 1962, Obote yasoomozebwa okukola gavumenti . Yalonda Ibingira okuweereza nga minista w'obwenkanya . Ibingira era yazannya kinene okusalawo ku nfaanana ya bendera ya Uganda, ng'atuuza olukiiko oluvunaanyizibwa kukuteesa emisono nga ateesa omutindo gw'esigamizibwe okuva ku bendera ya Bugirimaani ey'obugwa njuba . Uganda yafuna ameefuga gaayo nga 9 Octoba 1962.

Olutalo lwe ne Obote

Okuva ku kkono okutuuka ku ddyo : Ibingira, Milton Obote, and John Kakonge mu 1962

Ibingira yawuliranga Obote tagwaniidde kubeera Ssaabaminisita wa Uganda olw'ensonga nti yali teyasoma kimala era yakkiriza nti ekifo kyali kyamuweebwa lwakuba nti yali avumirira nnyo obufuzi bwa amatwale . Mu 1964 Ibingira yatandika kaweefube w'okwezza amanyi g'ekibiina ki UPC n'ekigendererwa eky'okujjako Obote obukulembeze bw'ekibiina . Ku kabaga k'ekibiina mu Apuli , yasoomoza John Kakonge okubeera ssabawandiisi w'ekibiina ki UPC. Yakakasa Obote nti Kakonge ayagala kweddiza buyinzabwe. N'obuwagizi bwa Obote , Ibingira yawangula Kakonge n'obululu 2 . Yakozesa ekifo kye ekipya, okusobola okujjawo abakkiririza mu Obote abawera Era nakkiriza okujjawo tiimu y'omupiira ey'abavubuka ba UPC.

Ebyo nga biri awo, Muteesa yali atiddemu nti UPC yandiremesa Obwakabakabwe okwefuga. Yafundikira agamba nti , okusobola okusigaza obuyinza alina okufuna amanyi mu by'obufuzi by'eggwanga . Mutesa yakunga Abanganda okwegatta ku UPC n'ekigendererwa okunyweza ekifo kya Ibingira okujjako Obote, ekyavaamu kwekutandiika omukago gwa UPC-KY ogwagumya Abaganda . Nga okukola kwe ne Mutesa kweyongedde, Ibingira yagatta abantu abava ebukiika ddyo abatali Baganda nebaba "Bantu Group". Mu Decemba 1964 yalambulanga ku nte ze mu Ankole mu kasirise , yagenda mu Amerika okukuunganya ensimbi okukomya enkola ya gavumenti okweddiza ebintu by'eggwanga byonna .Bwe yadda, yakozesa ssente ze yali afunye okwongera ku bantu abamu kkiririzaamu Omwaka ogwaddako Ibingira yakola omulimu gwa ttendo mu kuyisa etteeka ku poliisi ng'ayita mu palamenti eryakkirizanga poliisi okuyimiriza olukiiko lw'olukale lyonna . Ebiseera ebyo kyali kirabwa naayonka nti UPC yalimu ekiwayi ekyali kikulemberwa Ibingira n'ekyali kikulemberwa Obote . Ibingira buli lweyagezangako okutuuza olukiiko lwa UPC lwonna nga ssabawandiisi w'ekibiina , poliisi nga erukomya.

Mu ntandiikwa ya, 1966 omukozi wa bbanka yafulumya ensasanya y'ensimbi eya Idi Amin, omujaasi mu magye ga Uganda eyali ow'okulusegere nnyo ne Ssaabaminisita Obote. Ekiwandiiko kyali kyoleka Amin nti akukusa zaabu mu bumenyi bw'amateeka okuliraana ensalosalo za Democratic Republic of the Congo . Omulamwa ogwakubaganyizibwako ebirowoozo mu palamenti era Amin navunaanibwa okulya enguzi ne Obote okuba mu kkobaane lino . . UPC yasalawo okukiwakana .Wabula , nga 4 Febwali , Obote bweayali avuddeko mu Kampala, ekibuga ekikulu , Ibingira yamatiza olukiiko lwa palamenti okutwala mu maaso okwemulugunya okwo . Obote bweyadda oluvannyuma lw'ennaku 11 , yali tasobola kumatiza baminisita be kukomya kunoonyereza ku nsonga eyo . Olukiiko lwagezaako okutuula nga 22 February okusaba olukusa lw'okwebuuza ku nsonga eno, naye Obote yagattamu poliisi ekyankalanye olukiiko luno era Ibingira ne baminisita abalala bana ne basibibwa . Baatwalibwa e Karamoja nga amateeka g'abafuzi bamatwale bwegaali nga gakkiriza okusiba wamu n'okujja abantu abeesittazza mu bantu baabulijjo . Ibingira ne baminisita baasaba kkooti ekiwandiiko kya habeas corpus. Omulamuzi wa kkooti ya Uganda enkulu balaba okusibwa kwabwe kuli mu mateeka era naagana okukkiriza okusaba kwabwe wabula East African Court of Appeal yawa ensala nti nti etteeka lyatyoboola eddembe mu ssemateeka wa bannayuganda eryokwetaaya nalagira ekiwandiiko kyabwe okusimbibwa mu maaso g'omulamuzi mu kkooti . Ibingira ne banne mu bunnambiro baddamu okusibibwa wabweru wa kkooti mu Buganda mu tteeka erya kagwirawo era gavumenti neeyisa etteeka eryokubatikka okubazza mu ngeri y'okubikkirira ebikolwa byabwe. Ibingira ne baminisita abalala baggulawo omusango omupya , nate mu kuwulirwa kkooti yakakasa obutuufu bw'etteeka eppya .

Oluvannyuma lwa Obote

Nga 25 Ogusooka 1971 Amin yawamba gavumenti ya Obote n'amugyako obuyinza . Yata Ibingira n'ebannabyabufuzi abaali baasibwa namufuula omukiise wa Uganda era akiikirira Uganda mu Mawanga amagatte . Ibingira oluvannyuma yagenda mu buwanganguuse . Olulumba lwa Tanzania bwelwatiisa ekisanja ekyaliko ,yalinnyisa Yusuf Lule nga eyali asobola okuddira Amin mu bigere Ibingira yakiika mu lukungaana lwa Moshi mu gwookusatu 1979 Abannayuganda abawangangusibwa bwe balonda Lule okuddira Amin mu bigere singa abawakuggibwa mu ofiisi lwa mpaka . Lule yalonda Ibingira Minisita w'amawulire nga 7 Juni 1979. Okugattibwa ku lukiiko luno kyanyiiza bangi naddala akakiiko akeebuzibwako Nga 19 Juni Lule yajjawo Ibingira mu kifo kye yali amuwadde ate namufuula omukiise wa Uganda mu mukago gwa mawanga amagatte .

Mu 1980 Ibingira yafulumya akatabo , akatuumiddwa , African Upheavals since Independence. Yafa mu Decemba 1995.