Abu Mayanja
Abubaker Kakyama Mayanja (August 1929 – 4 November 2005) ye yali ssabawandiisi wa Uganda National Congress party eyasooka , ekibiina kyobufuzi ekyasoozera ddala ekyatandikibwa nga 6 Maaki 1952 kyatandiikibwa Ignatius K. Musaazi.[1] Yafuuka ssabawandiisi eyasooka ow'ekibiina kya UNC mu buvubukaabwe era nga tannatikkirwa ku Makerere University College, oluvannyuma eyafuuka Makerere University. Abu Mayanja yayamba Musaazi okubaga ssemateeka w'ekibiina ki Uganda National Congress party. Abu yali mulwanirizi w'ameefuga mu Uganda ne Africa , Omukiise mu palamenti eyali tayagalira ddala kitwatagana na butali bwenkanya . Yali ttoffaali ly'amanyi mu by'obufuzi bya Uganda nga omukugu mu kubaga ssemateeka , omubaka wa palameenti eyeegombesa , minisita wa gavumenti enfunda nnyingi era omukugu mu mateeka . Ebimuwandiikibwako mu Tribune magazine, Transition, Uganda Argus n'empapula z'amawulire ga New Vision byali birungi era nga biweebwa ekitiibwa.
Obuto bwe n'emirimu[kyusa | edit source]
Abu Mayanja was yazaalibwa mu 1929 omwami Abdalla Waswa Kambuga Kakyama n'omukyala Mariantonia Kayaga. Kitaawe Abdalla yali ava ku kyalo Buga (Ziba, okuliraana Ngogwemu disitulikiti y'eMukono mu Uganda). Nyina Mariantonia ye yali wa ku bizinga by'eBuvuma . Kitaawe yali mulimi nga musajja musiraamu. Ye nnyina yali mukyala mukulisitaayo.
Abu Mayanja yeesukkulumya mu by'enjigiriza nga tafudde ku bisoomoza byeyolekera mu maka gaabwe wadde yali yava mu maka maavu .Nyina Mariantonia yamuyigiriza okusoma n'okuwandiika ng'amukubiriza okusoma amawulire amakadde agaali nga gakozesebwa okusiba kabalagala.Ku ssomero, yabuuka siniya 3 olw'okuba yali mugezi . Yali musajja eyeesobola era yatuula ebibuuzo bye ebya siniya 6 ku Old Kampala mu 1949. Nga tanakola bibuuzo bino, era yali yafuna obubonero obw'okuntikko mu bibuuzo by'ekibiina eky'omusanvu; buno bwe bwali obubonero obwali businga mu ggwang lyonna mu kiseera ekyo.
Abu Mayanja yagenda ku King's College Budo mu 1944 nga D.G. R. Herbert ye mukulu w'essomero, era yasulanga mu kisulo kya England . Apollo Kironde yali omuku basomesa be ku King's College Budo. Abu yagenda ku Makerere University College mu 1950 okusoma Olungereza , ebiwandiiko , ebyafaayo n'okubala . Nga ali e Makerere yali muwandiisi w'amawulire agaakagwawo era nga muwandiisi mu w'akakiiko .
Makerere okudda ku yunivasite ya Cambridge[kyusa | edit source]
Abu Mayanja yagobwa mu Makerere University College mu 1952 olwo kubanga ye ne banne beemulugunya ku mmere eyali ebafumbibwa era ne batandiika n'okwekalakasa.[2] Nga akyasimbye amakanda ku mirimu gy'ekibiina ki UNC , Abu Mayanja yafaayo okulaba nga addamu okusoma .
Okutuukiriza ebirooto bye eby'okusoma, Abu yasaba obuyambi okuva mu masomesa be ku Makerere University College;ku bbo kwaliko , Professor A. G. Warner, Dr Kenneth Ingham ne Bernard Debansin. Bonna bakkiriza nti kijja kuba kya buswavu eri Uganda singa Abu Mayanja, omuvubuka omuto omugezi tamaliriza misomo gye egya yunivasite. Abasalawo amalirize emisomo gye.[3]
N'okusalawo kuno okwomugundu, ensonga yatwalibwa Abu Mayanja eri Latima Mpagi, eyali omukungu w'e Mengo mu biseera ebyo. Kabaka, Sir Edward Mutesa II, ensonga ya Abu Mayanja yagiyitiramu omufuzi wa matwale Sir Andrew Cohen. We bya mutuukirako , Sir Andrew Cohen yali anaatera okugenda e London okuwummulamu nga ali e London yakolera Abu Mayanja enteekateeka okugenda ku University of Cambridge. Sir Edward Mutesa II ne Sir Andrew Cohen baalibankizo mu kwoyongerayo kw'emisomo gya Abu Mayanja . Abu Mayanja eyali omugezi era alina obusobozi yali agwaana okuweebwa omukisa okuddamu okusoma ku yunivasite y'ensi yonna eyimiridde .
Omulwanirizi w'ameefuga[kyusa | edit source]
Oluvannyuma lw'okukkirizibwa okusomera mu University of Cambridge, Abu yalina okutoloka amangu okugenda mu kibuga London olw'ekifo kye mu by'obufuzi . Yali atiisibwatiisibwa okusibibwa abafuzi baamatwale . Yali mu kibuga kya United Kingdom okuva 1953 okutuusa 1959. Nga akyali muyizi mu Cambridge University (King's), gyeyasomera ebyafaayo , Abu Mayanja yakiika mu Lukiiko lwa Abafirika bonna olwasooka olwategekebwa mu kibuga Accra, Ghana wakati wa nga 5–13 Decemba 1958. Olukungaana lwategekebwa Kwame Nkrumahne lukulemberwa Tom Mboya. Olukungaana lwelwaleetawo ekibiina ki Omukago gwa Amawanga ga Africa Amagatte (OAU) oluvannyuma ekyafuuga Amawanga ga Africa Amagatte (AU).
Abu Mayanja yasisinkana Abaddugavu bangi mu kibuga London abaali banoonya ameefuga mu nsi zaabwe ez'enjawulo. Yawandiika ebiwandiiko ebiwerako ebyafulumizibwa mu Tribune magazine. Yalwanirira ameefuga ga Uganda wamu ne Afrika okuva mu bufuzi bw'amatwale . Abu Mayanja ye musiraamu eyasooka okufuna diguli .
UNC eyawukanamu ebuwayi[kyusa | edit source]
Ekibiina ki Uganda National Congress Party kyayawukanamu ebiwayi Abu Mayanja bwe yali agenze mu kibuga ki United Kingdom. Bwe yali akomawo nga 30 Meeyi 1959, ng'amaze okufuna diguli ye ku Cambridge University, n'okusoma amateeka (The Honourable Society of Lincoln's Inn – Octoba 1955 okutuuka Juni 1957); era yakolako ne mu ofiisi y'imulamuzi Roland Brown, Abu Mayanja yasanga ekibiina ky'obufuzi ki UNC tekikyaliwo . Yagenda mu Amerika okusoma ku bukulembeze era yakomawo mu Uganda muFebruary 1960.
Minisita wa gavumenti ya Buganda[kyusa | edit source]
Mu 1961 Abu Mayanja yalondebwa okubeera minisita w'eby'enjigiriza mu gavumenti ya Biganda .Yenyigira mu lukungaana lwa Lancaster House mu London nga Uganda tenafuna meefuga okuva ku ggwanga lya Bungereza oluvannyuma eyaweebwa nga 9 Octoba 1962. Abu Mayanja yawummula mu April 1964 oluvannyuma lwa sipiika , Omwami Eriasafi Kalule eyamuvvoola mu Lukiiko (Parliament of Buganda). Oluvannyuma yalondebwa Lukiiko okubeera omukiise mu palamenti mu Septemba 1964 oluvannyuma lwa Jimmy Simpson okuwummula nga omukiise wa Kyaggwe wa bukiika ddyo mu mambuka .
Ssemateeka wa 1962[kyusa | edit source]
Abu Mayanja was yali omu ku balondebwa okukiikirira Uganda mu lukungaana lw'ameefuga mu1962. Yaweebwa obuvunaanyizibwa obwakalabalaba bw'okuteekesa mu nkola ssemateeka wa 1962 mu Buganda ,Era yali wa kukwananganya ssemateeka wa Buganda mu wa Uganda omukulu.
Omusango gw'okukuma mubantu omuliro[kyusa | edit source]
Mu Octoba 1968, oluvannyuma lw'okukuba ebituli mu ssemateeka wa 1967 mu Transition Magazine (April 1968 issue); ekyanyiiza gavumenti , Abu Mayanja yasibibwa era navunaanwa okukuma mu bantu omuliro.Mu kiseera ekyo, yali yakawasa mukyalawe , Hadija. Abu yaggibwako emisango naye amangu n'embiro nga addamu asimbibwa kkooti . Amnesty International yamutwala nga omusibe ayawula ekituufu ku kikyamu.Yamala emyaka 2 mu kkomera e Luzira , nga tali na mukyala we Hadija, okutuusa 1970 bweyateebwa .
"Gavumenti ey'ekizungirizi"[kyusa | edit source]
Abu Mayanja yalondebwa Idi Amin okubeera minisita w'ebyenjigiriza mu 1971,naye nga 30 Novemba 1972 ye wamu ne baminista ba gavumenti abalala baggyibwa ku mirimu gy'obwa minista , mu biseera ebyo yali minisita w'abakozi. Baminista bagavumenti abalala abaagobwa mwalimu : Pulofeesa William B. Banage, Apollo Kironde, ne Yekosefati Engur. Oknnyonnyola ensonga eyabagobya , Idi Amin yagamba ba minista bano nti baali tebasobola kukwatagana na gavumenti ye kubanga yali eddukira ku musinde gwakizungirizi “supersonic speed”.
Yayitibwa n'era okubaako emirimu emirala egy'omugaso . Mu 1972 Abu Mayanja yatuuza olukiiko olwateekateeka okuzza omubiri gwa Ssekabaka Sir Edward Mutesa II okuva e London, gye yali yafiira mu 1969,okudda e Uganda. Mu 1986 Abu Mayanja yafuuka omuwoleleza wa gavumenti era omumyuka wa ssabaminisita ku bufuzi bwa Yoweri Kaguta Museveni.
Lungujja[kyusa | edit source]
Obulamu bwe obusinga Abu Mayanja yabeeranga Lungujja, okuliraana Mengo, ng'ojjeeko ebiseera weyali e Bungereza ng'asoma ne mu buwangaanguse e Kenya , nebweyali asibiddwa mu 1960 olwokuwandiika eggulire ku ssemateeka wa Uganda owa 1967 . Yabonabona mu biseera by'abafuzi baamatwale era yasibwako enfunda ntono ;era omukolo ogumu ogujjukirwa yali Mwalimu Julius Nyerere,pulezidenti wa Tanzania omugenzi ,eyasasulira omutango ateebwe.
Omusingi gwa Abu Mayanja[kyusa | edit source]
Omusingi gwa Abu Mayanja gwajukirwanga omusomi era omuwandiisi w'ebyobufuzi Pulofeesa Ali Mazrui nga 30 Julaayi 2007 ku Rwenzori Ball Room, Sheraton Kampala Hotel. Pulofeesa Mazrui yabeerako era yakolerako mu Uganda mu biseera eby'edda.yali ku Makerere University okuva 1965 okutuusa 1973 nga akulira essomo lya sayansi w'ebyobufuzi (1965–1973), era akulia abayizi ku ssomero sayansi w'embeera z'abantu (1967–1969). Olunaku lw'okumujjukira olwategekebwa Pulofeesa Ali Mazrui lwatuumiba "Between Secular Activism and Religious Observance – Abu Mayanja and Africa's Triple Heritage".
Ebijuliziddwamu[kyusa | edit source]
- ↑ Engholm, Geoffrey: "Political Parties and Uganda's Independence", pages 15–17, Transition, 3 January 1962
- ↑ Mills, David (2006): "Life on the Hill: Students and the social history of Makerere”, Africa, 76(2).
- ↑ Kavuma, Richard, “1958–2004: Mayanja saw it all”, Weekly Observer Newspaper (Uganda), 18 November 2004.