Ebola
| Subclass of | viral hemorrhagic fever, Filoviridae infectious disease, hospital-acquired infection  | |
|---|---|---|
| Named after | Ebola River | |
| Has cause | Ebolavirus, Orthoebolavirus zairense | |
| Has effect | Western African Ebola virus epidemic | |
| Time of discovery or invention | 26 Gwamunaana(Muwakanya) 1976 | |
| Location of discovery | Ebola River, Democratic Republic of Congo | |
| Health specialty | infectious diseases | |
| Medical examination | physical examination, complete blood count, ELISA, viral culture, polymerase chain reaction, electron microscope, immunofluorescence microscopy | |
| Possible treatment | analgesic, blood transfusion, hydration, blood plasma, antipyretic, intravenous fluid replacement, symptomatic treatment | |
| Basic reproduction number | 1.51 | |
| Disease transmission process | contact transmission, haemocontact transmission of pathogen | |
| Minimal incubation period in humans | 2 day | |
| Maximal incubation period in humans | 21 day | |
| Biosafety level | biosafety level 4 | |
| Number of cases | 27,953, 3,786, 13,494 | |
| Has natural reservoir | Hypsignathus monstrosus, Epomops franqueti, Myonycteris torquata, omuntu | |
| Has characteristic | contagiousness | |
| Bibliography | bibliography of Ebola | |
Ebola virus disease (EVD) oba Ebola hemorrhagic fever (EHF) bwe bulwadde obuluma abantu nga buleetebwa akawuka ka ebola. Obubonero bweyolekera wakati w'ennaku bbiri ne wiiki ssatu oluvannyuma lw'okulumbibwa akawuka akaleeta obulwadde buno, butandika n'ekifuba ekikalu, okulumizibwa mu binywa, no 'kulumizibwa omutwe. Kya bulijjo nti okukulukuta kwe nyiindo, okusesema, n'ekiddukano bigobelera, awamu n'okukendeeza enkola y' ekibumba n' ensigos. Mu kaseera kano, abantu abamu batandika okukulukuta omusaayi.[1] Akawuka akaleeta ekilwadde kino osobola okukafuna singa okwatagana n' omusaayi oba amazzi agava mu mumu biri gwe kisoro ekirina obulwadde buno (naddala ekima oba ebinyira).[1] Ekyokutambula kwo bulwadde buno nga buyitta mu mpewo kibadde tekina kakasibwa.[2] Ebinyira bitebelezebwa okutambuza n'okusaasanya akawuka akaleeta ekirwadde kino . Singa abantu bafuna ekilwadde kino, basobola nabo okukisaasanya. Bakaawonawo abasajja basobola okukitambuza mu mazzi gekisajja okumara emyeezi ebiri. Okusobola okujanjaba ekilwadde kino, kyebakola, endwadde endala ezifanaganya obubonero nga Malaria, cholera n'endala ezigwa mu kowe lya viral hemorrhagic fevers zisooka kujibwaamu. Okukakasa obujanjabi, omusaayi gukeberebwa okunoonya akawuka kano antibodies, ekilwadde RNA, oba akawuka kenyini.[1]
Okubwewala kuzingiramu okukendeeza kunsasana y'ekirwadde okuva ku nkima n'embizzi okutuuka mu bantu. Kino kisoboka okukolebwa okuyitta mu kwekebejja ensolo zino n'okutta ngabwetuziika emibiri jaazo singa zisangibwa nobulwadde buno. Okufumba obulungi e nyama n'okwambala ebizibaawo ngatukwaata kunyama kiyinza okuyamba ko, nga bwebambala ebizibaawo n' okunaaba engalo nga twetooloddwa ababtu abalina ekilwadde. Ebimu kummazi n'ebitundu by'omubiri okuva mubantu abakwatiddwa ekirwadde kino bilina okukwatibwa nobwegendereza.[1]
Tewali bujanjabi butuufu obwekilwadde kino; kawefube owokuyamba abantu abakwatiddwa okilwadde azingiramu okubawa oral rehydration therapy (okunywa mazzi agalimu ekiwomerezze) oba intravenous fluids.[1] Ekirwadde kittira ku sipiidi yawaggulu nnyo mortality rate: okusingira ddala wakati webitundu ataano n'ekyeenda kukikumi abo abakwatiddwa obulwadde.[1][3] EVD yasooka kulabibwaako Sudan ne mu Democratic Republic of the Congo. Ekirwadde kisinga kubeera mu bitundu bya Sub-Saharan Africa.[1] Okuva mu 1976 (lwe bwasooka okulabibwaako) okuyita mu 2013, wansi wabantu 1,000 buli mwaaka bebakwatibwa.[1][4] Okulumbibwa akwakasinze obunene bwebuliwo kati mu 2014 West Africa Ebola outbreak, obukutte Guinea, Sierra Leone, Liberia kilabika ne Nigeria.[5][6] Okutuuka mu gwomunaana 2014 abakwatiddwa abasoba mu 1600 be ba zuuliddwa.[7] Kawefube akyaagenda mu maaso ow'okufuna vaccine; wabula, tewali kati.[1]
Endagiriro
[kyusa | kolera mu edit source]- 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 "Ebola virus disease Fact sheet N°103". World Health Organization. March 2014. Retrieved 12 April 2014.
- ↑ "2014 Ebola Virus Disease (EVD) outbreak in West Africa". WHO. Apr 21 2014. Retrieved 3 August 2014.
{{cite web}}: Check date values in:|date=(help) - ↑ C.M. Fauquet (2005). Virus taxonomy classification and nomenclature of viruses; 8th report of the International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses. Oxford: Elsevier/Academic Press. p. 648. ISBN 9780080575483.
- ↑ "Ebola Viral Disease Outbreak — West Africa, 2014". CDC. June 27, 2014. Retrieved 26 June 2014.
- ↑ "CDC urges all US residents to avoid nonessential travel to Liberia, Guinea, and Sierra Leone because of an unprecedented outbreak of Ebola". CDC. July 31, 2014. Retrieved 2 August 2014.
- ↑ "Outbreak of Ebola in Guinea, Liberia, and Sierra Leone". CDC. August 4, 2014. Retrieved 5 August 2014.
- ↑ "Ebola virus disease update - West Africa". WHO. Aug 4, 2014. Retrieved 6 August 2014.
- Ensibuko
- Klenk, Hans-Dieter (January 1999). Marburg and Ebola Viruses (Current Topics in Microbiology and Immunology). Berlin: Springer-Verlag Telos. ISBN 978-3-540-64729-4.
{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: ref duplicates default (link) - Klenk, Hans-Dieter; Feldmann, Heinz (2004). Ebola and Marburg viruses: molecular and cellular biology (Limited preview). Wymondham, Norfolk, UK: Horizon Bioscience. ISBN 978-0-9545232-3-7.
{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: ref duplicates default (link) - Kuhn, Jens H. (2008). Filoviruses: A Compendium of 40 Years of Epidemiological, Clinical, and Laboratory Studies. Archives of Virology Supplement, vol. 20 (Limited preview). Vienna: SpringerWienNewYork. ISBN 978-3-211-20670-6.
{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: ref duplicates default (link) - McCormick, Joseph; Fisher-Hoch, Susan (1999) [1996]. Level 4: Virus Hunters of the CDC (Limited preview). Horvitz, Leslie Alan (Updated [3rd] ed.). Barnes & Noble. ISBN 978-0-7607-1208-5.
{{cite book}}: Unknown parameter|month=ignored (help)CS1 maint: ref duplicates default (link) - Pattyn, S. R. (1978). Ebola Virus Haemorrhagic Fever (1st ed.). Amsterdam: Elsevier/North-Holland Biomedical Press. ISBN 0-444-80060-3. Archived from the original (Full free text) on 2010-12-11. Retrieved 2014-09-04.
{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: ref duplicates default (link) - Ryabchikova, Elena I.; Price, Barbara B. (2004). Ebola and Marburg Viruses: A View of Infection Using Electron Microscopy. Columbus, Ohio: Battelle Press. ISBN 978-1-57477-131-2.
{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: ref duplicates default (link)
Ezenyongeza
[kyusa | kolera mu edit source]- ViralZone: Ebola-like viruses – Virological repository from the Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics
- CDC: Ebola hemorrhagic fever – Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Special Pathogens Branch
- WHO: Ebola haemorrhagic fever – World Health Organization, Global Alert and Response
- Virus Pathogen Database and Analysis Resource (ViPR): Filoviridae
- 3D macromolecular structures of the Ebola virus archived in the EM Data Bank (EMDB)
- Google Map of Ebola Outbreaks
- WHO recommended infection control measures