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Irshad Manji

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Irshad Manji 2012

 

Irshad Manji (yazaalibwa mu 1968) Mu Canada ezaalwa y'e Uganda era Musomesa. Yemuwandiisi w'akatba ka The Trouble with Islam Today (2004) ne Allah, Liberty and Love (2011), ng'ebitabo bino by'ombi byaweeebwa mu mawanga g'Abasiraamu.[1][2][3] Era yafulumya filimu ey'okuvumbula eya PBS mu filimu z'obutundu eza America at a Crossroads, nga yagituuma Faith Without Fear, ng'eno yalondebwa mu awaadi za Emmy Award mu 2008.[1][4] Yali munnamawulire era muweereza w'oku Telefayina, Manji mulwanirizi w'enkyukakyuka mu ddiini y'Obusiraamu ekiyitibwa reformist interpretation of Islam era avumirira entaputa egoberera ekitabo ky'Obusiraamu ekitukuvu ekya Qur'an. 

Ekitabo kye ekyasembayo kyali, Don't Label Me (2019), ekirimu engeli y'okujjanjabamu abakosebwa olw'enjawukana Olw'ebyobufuzi, ekikula ky'abantu n'ennono. Ebirowoozo ebiri ku katabo ke yabijja mu pulojekiti ye eya Moral Courage Project, nga kino Manji ye yakitandikawo mu Yunivasite ya New York mu 2008 nakibunya okutuuka mu University of Southern California (USC) mu 2016, bweyali akyali kitundu ku Annenberg Center on Communication Leadership & Policy.[5] Oluvanyuma lw'okuva mu USC, yatandikawo wssomero lya Moral Courage College n'ekigendererwa eky'okusomesa "abavubuka okwekwasaganyiza ensonga ez'enjawulo okusinga okweswaza n'okwebuulirira".[6] Manji asomesa ku milamwa egy'enjawulo ng'omunoonyereza mu kakiiko akakwasaganya eddembe ly'obuntu aka Oxford Initiative for Global Ethics and Human Rights.[7]

Obuto bwe n'emisomo gyen

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Manji yazaalibwa mu 1968 kumpi nekibuga Kampala, Uganda.[8] Maama we ava mu Egypt ate Taata we asibuka mu Buyindi.[9]

Idi Amin bweyalagira Okugobebwa kw'abayindi n'abalala abataali Bafirika okuva mu Uganda mu myaka gya 1970,[10][11] Manji ne Famire ye bagenda mu Canada ng'abanoonyi b'obubudamu nga wa myaka ena.[12] Basalawo okubeera mu Richmond, British Columbia, okuliraana ekibuga Vancouver.[13][14] Manji yasomera ku masomero ag'enjawulo nga buli lwamukaaga yasomeranga ku ssomero lya (madrasa). Manji agamba ku myaka 14 yanyonyola nti yagobebwa okuva mu somero olw'okubuuza ebibuuzo ebingi.[15][16][17]

Mu 1990, Manji yafuna Diguli ey'okusukkuluma ku balala eya bachelor's degree with honours mu history of ideas okuva mu Yunivasite ya University of British Columbia, era yawangula omudaali oguweebwa asinze okusoma mu ssomo eryo ogwa Governor General's Academic Medal.[18] Mu 2002, Manji yatandika okusomesa mu University of Toronto's Hart House, ng'eno gyeyatandikira okuwandiika akatabo ka The Trouble with Islam Today.[19] Yalina enkolagana ne Yale University mu Pulogulaamu z'emisomo ku by'okwelinda mu nsi yonna mu 2006[20] era yali munwanyi nnyo oowa Brussels-based European Foundation for Democracy okuva mu 2006 okutuusa 2012.[21][22]

Emirimu gye

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Manji yatandiika emirimu gye mu Byobufuzi mu 1990. Yali omkubabaga amateeka mu Paalamenti ya Canada ku lw'omubaka omugya ow'ekibiina kya New Democratic Party Dawn Black, n'oluvanyuma omuwandiisi w'abannamawuliremu Gavumenti ya Ontario ku lwa Kabinenti Minisita wa Ontario New Democratic Party Marion Boyd,[23] n'oluvanyuma omuwandiisi w'ebinayogerwa okulembera ekibiina kya NDP Audrey McLaughlin. Ku myaka 24, yafuuka omusunsuzi w'ensonga z'Eggwanga ku lw'Abatuuze ba Ottawa[15] era nga memba omuto ku kakiiko akasunsuzi akakwasaganya amawulire ga Canada. Yaliko omuwandiisi w'omuko mu lupapula lwa Ottawa olupya olwa LGBT newspaper Capital Xtra![24] Yaweerezako mu kanyomero ka "Friendly Fire" akaali kawerezebwa ku TVOntario mu Situdiyo 2 okuva mu 1992 okutuusa 1994, nga yali aweereza ne Michael Coren.[25][26]

Manji yaweereza ku pulogulaamu ez'enjawulo ku TV ezikwata ku nsonga za Gavumenti omuli, Q-Files for Pulse24 saako n'eyagiddira mu bigere eya QT: QueerTelevision ku TV esangibwamu kibuga kya TorontoCitytv mu myaka gya 1990.[27][28] Bweyalekulira pulogulaamu, Manji yatona ebintu by'eyali akozesa ku TV "big Q" eri aba Pride Library ku Yunivasite ya Western Ontario.[29]

Alabikiddeko ku mikutu gya TV egy'enjawulo okwetoloola ensi nga Al Jazeera, aba CBC, BBC, MSNBC, C-SPAN, CNN, PBS, aba Fox News Channel, CBS, ne HBO.[30]

Yali musomesa ku New York University (NYU) okuva mu 2008 okutuusa 2015.[31][32] Manji yegatta ku NYU Robert F. Wagner Graduate School of Public Service okutandiikawo pulojekii eey'okutumbule ebyempisa mu bavubuka saako n'okwogera amazima okuwangula emitima gy'abantu b'omu bitudu by'abwe.[33] Essomo lye ly'ali ligenderera "okuyigiriza abavubuka okukola okusalawo okwobwannakyewa ku lw'obulungi bw'endowooza zaabwe, n'obukugu".[34] Mu Gwokuna 2013, TV ya Moral Courage (ku mukutu gwa YouTube), gwatongozebwa Manji ne Cornel West, ng'ono mukenkufu era mulwanirizi w'eddembe ly'abantu.[35] West yayogera ku mirimu gya Manji nga "amaanyi agatereddwawo ku lw'obulungi."[36] Mu 2015, Manji yatandikawo "the West Coast presence of Moral Courage" ku Annenberg Center on Communication Leadership & Policy mu Yunivasite ya Southern California.[37]

Ebitabo bye y'awandiika

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The Trouble with Islam Today

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  Akatabo ka Manji aka The Trouble with Islam Today (nga muntandikwa yali akatuumye The Trouble with Islam) kaali kafulumizibwa aba St. Martin's Press mu 2004. Akatabo kano kasooka kufulumizibwa mu Canada wansi w'omutwe ogwasooka mu Gwomwenda 2003.[38] Okuva kw'olwo kabadde nga kavvunulwa mu nnimi ezisoba mo 30. Manji yawaayo obutabo obwali buvvunuddwa mu nnimi nga Arabic, Persian, ne Urdu ookubuwanulira ku bwerere okuva ku Webusayiti ye.[39] Mu katabo ka The Trouble with Islam Today, Manji yanoonyereza ku ntaputa empya ey'ekitabo ekitukuvu Qur'an ky'akkiriza nti kituukira ddala n'omulembe gw'Ekyaasa kya 21.[40] Ekitabo kino kisomeddwa abantu omuli abakikungiriza saako n'abakivumirira omuli Abasiraamu n'abatali basiraamu. Abantu ab'enjawulo ababadde be kkanya ekitabo kino bakiyise "ekitabo ekizaamu amaanyi"[41] oba "ekyali kyalindilirwa okuva edda"[42] songa abalala bagamba kyawandiikibwa okuvoola abasiraamu.[43]

Tarek Fatah, omusiraamu okuva mu Canada okuva mu ntandikwa y'avumirira ekitabo kya The Trouble With Islam,[44] yazza enjogera egamba nti Manji ali "yali mutuufu olw'enkola ey'obusosoze mu nsi y'abasiraamu" era nti "mwalimu ensonga nyingi ezaali zisinzira ku kumanya kwe".[45]

Akatabo ka The Trouble with Islam Today kaawerebwa mu mawanga awerako. Okuva mu Gwomusanvu 2009, ekitabo kino era kyawerebwa ne mu Malaysia.[46]

Faith without Fear

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Mu 2007 Manji yafulumya olutambi lwa PBS, Faith without Fear. kigoberera olugendo lwe okuzza okukkiriza n'emirembe. ng'otadde ku bbali ebyo ebyamusoomuza ng'akyali musiraamu. yavumbula bingi ku Busiraamu mu Yemen, Europe n'Obukiikakkono bwa America, wamu n'ebyafaayo ku ndowooza y'ekika ekyawagguli ey'obusiraamu mu Spain n'amawanga amalala.[47] Faith Without Fear kyalondebwa mu mpaka za Emmy era yeyawangula Awaadi y'empaka za National Film Board of Canada Gemini Award.[48] K'ekatongoza ebikujjuko bya 2008 Muslim Film Festival, ebyategekebwa aba American Islamic Congress[49] era ne kawangula zaabu mu bikujjuko bya New York Television Festival.

Allah, Liberty and Love

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  Mu 2011, Manji yafulumya akatabo ka Allah, Liberty and Love. Mu katabo ke, anyonyola butya Aabasiraamu bweyayinza okuvvunula ekitabo ekitukuvu ekya Qur'an, okwogera n'eddembe n'okwelowooleza. Mu ngeri y'okuwagira ebiwandiiko bye, Manji ajuliza ijtihad, ennono y'obusiraamu ey'okulowooza okwokwefumitiriza naddala mu kuvvunula ebiwandiiko by'obusiraamu n'ebisomesebwa.[50][51] Manji akikkatiriza nti enkyukakyuka yonna mu ekuuma omutindo gw'obusiraamu essobola kuva mu bbo b'ennyini era tebisobola kuggibwa walala.[52]

Manji akkiriziganya n'enkola ey'okufumbiriganwa wakati w'abagalana ab'enzikiriza ez'enjawulo naddala okufumbiriganwa wakati w'Abasiraamu n'aatali basiraamu, abakyala Abasiraamu okufumbirwa abasajja abatali Basiraamu nga basinzira ku birowoozo bya Khaleel Mohammed owa San Diego State University (SDSU), mu San Diego, California.[53]

Nga bwekiri mu biwandiiko bya Manji ebirala, Allah, Liberty and Love byafuna ebirowoozo ebirungi n'ebibi. Rayyan Al Shawaf, aomuwandiisi asangibwa mu Beirut, anyonyola ekigendererwa kya Manji ku butya Qur'an bweyinza okuvvunulwa mu kitiibwa ky'obusiraamu so ssi ku butya bwekiyinza okukugirwa eri ekitabo kya Qur'an. Era awakanya ekya Manji okutumbula ijtihad ng'abuusa amaaso ku "ijtihad kitala ekitula okuva ku njuyi zombi."[54] Al-Shawaf naye agamba nti Manji essira aliteeka ku "butya Quran bweyinza okuvunulwa mu kitiibwa okwawukana ku kyokuteekawo amateeka agakugira."[54] Mu kwogera kwa Melik Kaylan mu Newsweek anyonyola akatabo nga "kakuyege y'okukaaba kwa abasiraamu" era nga kujjudde "okusikiriza abalala okubawulira era bitambulira mu njogera ezitalina makulu nga bino biwaawaza amatu g'abawagizi be."

Omar Sultan Haque, omusomesa era omunonyereza ku mu ssomero ly'abasawo mu Yunivasite ya Harvard University Medical School, agamba nti newankubadde ekitabo kya Manji ky'amakulu mu kumanyisa abantu, "tekikwatagana n'abibuuza ebimu ebiyinza okufuula ebiseera by'eddini y'obusiraamu ey'amazima."[55] Haque anyonyola ekirowooza kya Manji nga "enneyisa eraga okusiima naye mu busukkulumu". Howard A. Doughty, Pulofeesa w'emisomo gy'ensimbi n'ebyobufuzi ku ssomero lya Seneca College, kino akinyonyola n'ekyawandiikibwa kya Haque: "Katonda wa Manji afaananira ddala omuwabuzi ow'amaanyi okuva mu ttendekero erya waggulu."[55]

Doughty, mu afunza okulaba kwe ku biwandiiko bya Manji agamba nti abayizi abamu (nga yegyemu) abuusabusa oba "Manji anaasobola okuggusa ensonga ze era n'assa ebiwandiiko bye mu nkola." Wabula yewaayo okukuuma ebigambo bye nayongerezaako nti "abamuwakanya kyebatamanyi nti enjogera ye, enkolagana ye n'abantu, okumaanya kwe ku by'ensimbi n'ebyobufuzi bye bimusobozesa okukyusa endowooza ye okugizza ku bikolwa bya bantu."[50]

Okutongozebwa kwa kitabo kya Allah, Liberty and Love okw'ensi yonna kwalimu ebitakwatagana. Mu Gwekkuminogumu 2011, Abasiraamu abakuukutivu balumbagana ekitabo kya Manji nga kitongozebwa mu Amsterdam;[56] Abasajja abasiraamu abiri mu babiri balumbagana Manji nebagezaako okutyoboola.[57] Mu kaseera w'eyali abunya akatabo ke, Poliisi yamusazaamu okwogera kwe mu Jakarta olw'ekibiina ky'abagagga ekya Islamic Defenders Front okuva mu Indonesia.[58] Oluvanyuma lw'ennaku, abasajja nkumi na nkumi okuva mu kakiiko ka Indonesian Mujahedeen Council bavvoola tiimu ya Manji n'abawagizi be mu Yogyakarta. Abantu ab'ejawulo bakosebwa era tewali n'omu yaweebwa bujjanjabi mu ddwaliro.[59][56] Oluvanyuma lw'ebyo, Gavumienti ya Malaysia yawera ekitabo kya Allah, Liberty and Love. Naye mu Gwomwenda 2013, Kkooti ya wagguli mu Kuala Lumpur yakisazaamu.[60] Omwaka ogwali guwedde, Nik Raina Nik Abdul Aziz, omukyala okuva mu Malaysia era nga yali omu kuba Maneja ba Borders Bookstore, yakwatibwa olwokutunda akitabo kya Manji ekyali kyavvunulwa ng'eggwanga telinnaba kulangirira nvumbo.[61][62] Oluvanyuma lw'emyaka esatu ng'atoa n'ebannamteeka, Kkooti ya Malaysia yagoba okuwaaba kwa Gavumenti.[63][64]

Don't Label Me

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Mu nteekateeka z'okufulumya ekitabo ekikyasembyeyo, Don't Label Me: An Incredible Conversation for Divided Times, Manji yeyali omwogezi ku lunaku lwa Discovery, Dialogue & Action event ekya Washington University in St. Louis nga 19 Ogwokubiri 2019.[65] Don't Label Me kyafulumizibwa aba St. Martin's Press nga 26 Ogwokubiri.[66] Ekitabo kyawandiikibwa ng'emboozi ey'okutebereza ne Lily, embwa ya Manji eyasooka, nga yaffa era nga yalabikirako mu Devil's advocate.[67][68] Okusinziira ku Dana Gee owa Vancouver Sun, "kirabika nga ekitalina mulamwa naye nga kikola". Manji akozesa emboozi eno okumanyisa abantu busosoze mu mawanga saako n'enkolagana wakati w'abo abawakanya by'eyawandiika.[67] Mu katambi akafulumizibwa aba Time magazine mu Gwokusatu 2019, Manji agamba nti "Ndiwano okuleeta ekiteeso, mu kaseera nga amasomero gasomesa abaana okwenyiiza, balina okubasomesa engeri y'okunyiza abalala".[69] Munnakatemba Chris Rock, nga muwagizi wa Manji,[66] naye yatumbula ekitabo ng'ayita ku kibanja kye ekya Twitter ng'ekitabo yakiyita "genius".[70][71] Mu kwekennenya ekitabo kya Don't Label Me ekyakolebwa aba Areo Magazine, Samuel Kronen yawandiika nti "Manji eleeta enkolagana enungi, okwekilirizamu, obwesimbu era ateddewo okumanya ku bizibu abantu by'ebasanga."[68]

Ebyamutuukako

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Manji afunye okutiisibwatiisibwa okuwerako olw'endowooza ye.[72] Nga akyabeera mu Toronto, amadirisa ge yagakola nga tegayitamu masasi olw'ebyokwerinda.[13] Manji anyonyolwa nga Quranist.[73]

Mu mboozi ey'akafubo n'aba The Jerusalem Post, ng'anyonyola eby'obufuzi, Manji yagamba, "siri wa ku luuyi lwa kkono, siri wa ku luuyi lwa Ddyo, ndi mutume". Awakanyiza ebigambibwa mbu Entalo za Amerika zileetawo enkola ya Islamic extremism.[74] Manji butereevu yetaba mu ntalo ezaali wakati wa Amerika mu Iraq ne Afghanistan, era n'olutalo lw'obukulembeze olwa George W. Bush War on Terror.[75][76][77][78] Mu 2006, obuweereza bwe mu lutalo lwa Iraq lwafuuka lw'amaanyi eri Gavumenti ya Bush.[39] Ku Iraq, yagamba nti "yalowooza offiisi onkulu yalina okumanyisibwa okumala oksobola okukola okusalawo."[77] Era yagamba nti, "mbadde nebuuza mu lujjudde ku mirimu egy'omu Afghanistan n'abiki ebinakivaamu."[77]

Akikkatiriza nti aba Palestine basanga emirimu ebiri: ekisooka ebikolebwa aba Hamas eri abakyala n'abalya ebisiyaga n'endala ey'amaggye ga Israeli mu ba Palestine bonna.[79]

Ebimukwatako eby'omunda

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Mu 2016, Manji n'omwagalwa we, Laura Albano, mafumbiriganwa mu Hawaii.[80] Bawangalira eyo n'embwa zaabwe. Abagalana bano bayawukana.[81]

Awaadi n'ebitiibwa by'eyafuna

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Ebimukwatako

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  • 1997 – Risking Utopia: On the Edge of a New Democracy, (Douglas and McIntyre  )
  • 2003 – The Trouble with Islam Today (St. Martin's Press,  )
  • 2011 – Allah, Liberty and Love: The Courage to Reconcile Faith and Freedom[92] (Atria Books,  ,  )
  • 2019 – Don't Label Me: An Incredible Conversation for Divided Times (St. Martin's Press,  )

Ebijuliziddwamu

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  1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Guardian
  2. ↑ https://www.hrw.org/news/2012/05/31/malaysia-reverse-book-ban
  3. ↑ https://web.archive.org/web/20170801195549/https://english.alarabiya.net/articles/2012/05/19/215087.html
  4. ↑ https://web.archive.org/web/20190723023527/http://emmyonline.com/news_29th_nominations
  5. ↑ "Archive copy". Archived from the original on 2020-02-22. Retrieved 2024-04-01.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link)
  6. ↑ https://www.persuasion.community/p/hating-the-hateful
  7. ↑ https://www.oxfordglobalethics.org/fellows
  8. ↑ https://vancouversun.com/news/local-news/canada-150-irshad-manji-challenging-muslim-doctrine
  9. ↑ https://www.nytimes.com/2005/03/03/opinion/brave-young-and-muslim.html
  10. ↑ https://books.google.com/books?id=4tY_Rk0BTGMC&pg=PA93
  11. ↑ https://www.nytimes.com/2003/10/04/international/americas/04FPRO.html
  12. ↑ https://www.wsj.com/articles/SB10001424052702303918204577446170153730122
  13. ↑ 13.0 13.1 https://vancouversun.com/news/staff-blogs/the-trouble-with-irshad-manji
  14. ↑ https://www.nytimes.com/2008/04/27/weekinreview/27gewen.html
  15. ↑ 15.0 15.1 https://literaryreview.co.uk/irshad-manji
  16. ↑ https://www.theglobeandmail.com/news/national/the-muslim-refusenik/article772583/
  17. ↑ https://vancouversun.com/news/local-news/canada-150-irshad-manji-challenging-muslim-doctrine
  18. ↑ https://web.archive.org/web/20171104065136/http://www.fondationtrudeau.ca/en/community/irshad-manji
  19. ↑ https://www.thecanadianencyclopedia.ca/en/article/irshad-manji-challenges-islam
  20. ↑ http://www.cbsnews.com/stories/2006/09/18/freespeech/main2017202.shtml
  21. ↑ https://web.archive.org/web/20191212223356/http://www.gmfus.org/events/reconciling-islam-freedom
  22. ↑ https://newrepublic.com/article/103301/islam-censorship-efd-manji-suppression
  23. ↑ https://vancouversun.com/news/staff-blogs/the-trouble-with-irshad-manji
  24. ↑ https://web.archive.org/web/20090303223005/http://www.xtra.ca/public/Ottawa/Looking_back_on_issue_1_of_Capital_Xtra-6265.aspx
  25. ↑ https://books.google.com/books?id=tMvzNiHF-XIC&pg=PA70
  26. ↑ "Archive copy". Archived from the original on 2024-02-27. Retrieved 2024-04-01.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link)
  27. ↑ https://books.google.com/books?id=nwFuDwAAQBAJ&pg=PA65
  28. ↑ https://www.vancouverobserver.com/5-minutes-with/irshad-manji%C3%A2%E2%82%AC%E2%84%A2s-moral-courage
  29. ↑ https://tspace.library.utoronto.ca/bitstream/1807/30559/1/Cooper_Danielle_201111_MI_thesis.pdf#page=41
  30. ↑ https://www.youtube.com/user/IrshadManjiTV
  31. ↑ https://wagner.nyu.edu/community/faculty/irshad-manji
  32. ↑ http://kwese.espn.com/olympics/summer/2012/story/_/id/8157338/ioc-bar-saudi-arabia-olympics-women-added-team
  33. ↑ https://web.archive.org/web/20120901122500/https://www.irshadmanji.com/Moral-Courage-Project
  34. ↑ http://wagner.nyu.edu/leadership/affiliates
  35. ↑ https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=J7GguSvt-Ow
  36. ↑ https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=J7GguSvt-Ow
  37. ↑ https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Annenberg_Center_on_Communication_Leadership_&_Policy
  38. ↑ https://books.google.com/books?id=IWUEAAAAMBAJ&pg=PA27
  39. ↑ 39.0 39.1 https://www.jpost.com/Features/Manji-Young-Muslims-want-change
  40. ↑ https://www.irishexaminer.com/analysis/role-of-women-central-to-necessary-reforms-within-islam-441608.html
  41. ↑ https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/Calling-all-believers-to-a-conversation-on-Islam/articleshow/1326998.cms
  42. ↑ https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Andrew_Sullivan
  43. ↑ http://www.democracynow.org/2006/2/7/freedom_of_speech_or_incitement_to
  44. ↑ https://web.archive.org/web/20050207112221/http://canpalnet-ottawa.org/fatah.html
  45. ↑ https://web.archive.org/web/20090107225747/http://www.thespec.com/Opinions/article/392889
  46. ↑ https://www.thestar.com.my/news/nation/2012/05/24/home-ministry-bans-irshad-manjis-book
  47. ↑ https://www.pbs.org/weta/crossroads/about/show_faith_without_fear.html
  48. ↑ https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/National_Film_Board_of_Canada
  49. ↑ https://archive.today/20080416235659/http://www.muslimfilm.org/schedule.html
  50. ↑ 50.0 50.1 https://web.archive.org/web/20170705121430/http://www.innovation.cc/book-reviews/rev_doughty_assay_manji18vi1a13.pdf
  51. ↑ https://www.newsweek.com/irshad-manji-challenges-muslims-follow-their-conscience-67465
  52. ↑ https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Times_of_India
  53. ↑ https://freethinkingstokie.files.wordpress.com/2012/04/eng_bothpages.pdf
  54. ↑ 54.0 54.1 https://www.boston.com/ae/books/articles/2011/06/25/manjis_allah_implores_muslims_to_think_freely/
  55. ↑ 55.0 55.1 http://www.tnr.com/book/review/allah-liberty-love-irshad-manji
  56. ↑ 56.0 56.1 https://nationalpost.com/news/canada/irshad-manji-book-tour-in-indonesia-runs-into-trouble-with-islamic-thugs
  57. ↑ http://israelbehindthenews.com/we-made-the-jerusalem-post-with-this-irshad-manji-speaking-the-truth/8343/
  58. ↑ https://web.archive.org/web/20160308024014/http://jakartaglobe.beritasatu.com/archive/indonesian-hardline-group-urges-govt-to-deport-liberal-canadian-muslim-activist/
  59. ↑ https://web.archive.org/web/20130310112512/http://www.thejakartapost.com/news/2012/05/10/irshad-manji-injured-mob-attack-yogya.html
  60. ↑ https://web.archive.org/web/20131004213928/http://www.themalaysianinsider.com/malaysia/article/ban-on-irshad-manjis-book-lifted
  61. ↑ http://www.aljazeera.com/indepth/features/2012/08/2012867105109271.html
  62. ↑ https://web.archive.org/web/20171029023305/http://antarapos.com/en/index.php?q9nan56SpKPkoObnaNGXpVvZn7WkcZFjZQ
  63. ↑ http://www.themalaymailonline.com/malaysia/article/nik-rainas-nightmare-finally-over-as-federal-court-dismisses-jawis-prosecut
  64. ↑ http://www.themalaymailonline.com/malaysia/article/judges-slam-islamic-authority-for-premature-raid-on-borders
  65. ↑ https://source.wustl.edu/2019/02/honest-diversity-moral-courage-and-shedding-labels-a-qa-with-irshad-manji/
  66. ↑ 66.0 66.1 https://www.newsweek.com/2019/03/08/irshad-manji-interview-dont-label-me-diversity-black-lives-matters-1335894.html
  67. ↑ 67.0 67.1 https://vancouversun.com/entertainment/books/listening-is-the-best-way-to-get-your-point-across-says-irshad-manji
  68. ↑ 68.0 68.1 https://areomagazine.com/2019/05/01/irshad-manjis-dont-label-me-book-review/
  69. ↑ https://people.com/human-interest/schools-kids-how-not-to-be-offended-irshad-manji/
  70. ↑ https://hiddenforces.io/podcasts/irshad-manji-diversity-culture-wars/
  71. ↑ https://twitter.com/chrisrock/status/1100499552933724165
  72. ↑ http://www.independent.co.uk/news/people/profiles/irshad-manji-islams-marked-woman-58908.html
  73. ↑ Kaminski, Joseph J. (2017). "Introduction: Determining the Basis for Political Discourse for the Next Generation". The Contemporary Islamic Governed State. Cham: Palgrave Macmillan. pp. 1–28.
  74. ↑ https://www.nytimes.com/2006/08/16/opinion/16manji.html
  75. ↑ https://foreignpolicy.com/2007/04/19/on-tv-tonight-osama-bin-ladens-worst-nightmare/
  76. ↑ "Archive copy". Archived from the original on 2018-09-10. Retrieved 2024-04-01.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link)
  77. ↑ 77.0 77.1 77.2 "Archive copy". Archived from the original on 2018-09-11. Retrieved 2024-04-01.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link)
  78. ↑ https://www.chron.com/news/nation-world/article/Rebellious-writer-s-criticism-of-Islam-stirring-1628637.php
  79. ↑ https://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/discussion/2007/04/18/DI2007041801507.html
  80. ↑ http://www.freemalaysiatoday.com/category/nation/2016/05/10/irshad-manji-marries-partner-laura-albano/
  81. ↑ https://irshadmanji.com/divorcing-courageously/
  82. ↑ September/October 1997 issue of Ms., p. 104
  83. ↑ https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)
  84. ↑ https://www.pbs.org/weta/crossroads/about/show_faith_without_fear_film.html
  85. ↑ https://www.huffingtonpost.com/author/irshad-manji
  86. ↑ https://web.archive.org/web/20140813024501/http://www.weforum.org/content/pages/ygl-alumni-community
  87. ↑ 2007 Annual Benefit, New York City.
  88. ↑ https://web.archive.org/web/20080609034250/http://www.ups.edu/x27840.xml
  89. ↑ http://asmasociety.typepad.com/mlt/
  90. ↑ https://web.archive.org/web/20140701055759/http://www.ubishops.ca/about-bu/bu-news/details.html?tx_ttnews%5Btt_news%5D=457&cHash=425754d146460b625ca0d0491daf1ae7
  91. ↑ https://www.voanews.com/a/three-women-muslim-countries-us-human-right-award/3098387.html
  92. ↑ https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-4516-4520-0

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