Namba enzijuvu ne Kibalirampuyibbiri(Whole numbers and integers)
Gakuweebwa Charles Muwanga !!Namba enzijuvu ne Yintengya
Omugereeso gwa namba” (number theory) era gulimu:
(a) Namba enzijuvu (whole numbers): 0,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9, .....
Kati ka tugatte zeero ku namba za kibazo(counting numbers) tukole omusengeko omupya ogwa namba. Wano we wava erinnya eppya erya namba eziyitibwa “ Namba Enzijuvu”(Whole Numbers) ezikola omusengeko (set) bwe guti : {0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, ...n’okweyongerayo}.
Ebyafaayo by’ekibalangulo byafaayo bya babalunguzi kwebuuza bibuuzo n’okunoonya ansa zabyo. Ekibuuzo ekimu eky’okwebuuza kiri: “singa odda oludda olumu oyinza okudda ne ku lwa kikontana (opposite way)?”
"Namba eza kiddanyuma"(negative numbers)ne namba za Kiddamaaso(Positive numbers)
Omubalanguzi ayinza okubala ekiddamaaso (forwards) bwati: 1, 2, 3, 4,5, 6 ... naye kiri kitya ng’abala ekiddannyuma (backwards) bwati : …6,5, 4,3,2,2,0 ? Kati wano omubalanguzi ayinza okubala ekiddamaaso n’ekiddannyuma mu entakoma nga bw’ayagadde.
Naye namba ddala eba etya eya kiddannyuma? Kino kibaawo nga namba eri wansi wa ziro.
Eky’okulabirkao mu kupima tempulikya oyinza okusonjola digiri zeero eza Selisiyaasi (zero degrees Celsius (0° C) ekisonjolwa nga entikko amazzi we gakwatira kyokka singa amazzi geyongera okunnyogoga ennyo okuva ku tempulikya eya zeero Selisiyaasi, tuba tukiraga nga tempulikya eza negatiivu.
Oyinza n’okwogera ku magoba aga negatiivu (negative profits) kubanga singa osuubula ebijanjaalo bya mitwalo kumi obitunde ofunemu amagoba, kyokka olw’okuba minzaani yo efunye obuzibu nga ebala bubi(bingi okusinga ku kituufu) n’omaliriza okutunda ng’okunganyizzaawo emitwalo musanvu wano oba mu magoba ga negatiivu kubanga ku sente ze wasize kweyawuddeko emitwalo esatu, ekitegeeza nti mu kifo ky’okukola amagoba yafiiliddwa bufiilwa emitwalo esatu ku sente ze yasigamu.Namba za kirumirampuyibbiri/Namba Yintegya (Integers) :...., -5,-4,-3,-2,-1,0,1,2,3,4,5,6,7, ....
Singa namba eza kiddannyuma(negative) tuziteeka wamu ne namba enzijuvu (whole numbers), tufuna omugereko gwa namba empya(new set of numbers) eziyitibwa "kibalirampuyibbiri" (integers). Kibalirampuyibbiri ziba zisengekeddwa bwe ziti: {...,-5,-4 -3, -2, -1, 0, 1, 2, 3,4,5,….}
Kibalirampuyibbiri zirimu ne zeero, namba za kibazo, ne namba za kibazo eza kiddannyuma(the negative of the counting numbers), kin one kikola endaga ya namba eyeyongerayo mu ntakoma (indefinitely) ku buli ludda nga mu layini ya namba eno:
Kibalirampuyibbiri(Integers) ze namba ezitali nkutulemu kyokka nga zirimu eza kiddannyuma n’eza kiddamaaso awamu ne zeero. Kibalirampuyibbiri zikolebwamu omugereko (set) ku lukoloboze lwa namba (number line) .
Ku lukoloboze lwa namba, zeero(0) teba kiddamaaso yadde kiddannyuma. Kyokka namba nga 1/3, 5/7, 0.009. 1.1, 7.7 oba 8.0009922 si kibalirampuyibbiri kubanga nkutulemu