Bakonjo

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Konjo, BaKonzo (pl. Bakonzo, bayimba. Mukonzo), oba Konzo, limu ku mawanga g'aba Bantu nga lisangibwa mu kitundu kya Rwenzori mu Bukiikiddyobwobuggwanjuba bwa Uganda mu Disitulikiti omuli; Kasese, Bundibugyo, Bunyangabu ne Ntoroko.[1]

Abankonzo era banyiddwa nga Abayiira oba Banande oba Abanyarwenzururu era balina ebika 14 n;emiziro egyenjawulo. (Ebihanda 14 ebyaba'yiira n'emitsiro).[2][3]

Bogera mu lulimi lwa Konjo era bagoberera enzikiliza y'ebyobuwangwa, Obusiraamu n'Obukulisitaayo. Abogezi b'olulimii Olukonzo era babeera ne mu Buggwanjuba bw'akaserengeto k'olusozi lwa Rwenzori mu Ggwanga lya Democratic Republic of the Congo.[4][5]

Nga b'akola omuwendo gw'abantu 850,646 mu kubala abantu okwakolebwa mu 2014, babeera mu bikko, obusozi n'ensozi okutuuka ku buwanvu bwa mita 2,200 mu nsozi za Rwenzori.[6] Mu buwangwa bwabwe bamanyikiddwa nga abalimi[7] era balunzi ba bisolo, balima amayuuni, ebijanjalo, lumonde, ebinyebwa, soya, obummonde, omuceere, engano, muwogo, kaawa, amatooke, Kooko ne Pamba, nga bwebalunda embuzi, eddiga, saako n'okulunda ebinyonyi.[8][9][7][10]

Eby'enzikiriza[kyusa | edit source]

Okusinzira ku by'ava mu kubala abantu okwaliwo mu 2002, Uganda, ebitundu 44.1% eby'abakonzo ba Kulisitaayo (e Kkanisa ya Uganda), ebitundu 28.7% ba Katoliki, ebitundu 15.4% ba Abadiventi, ebitundu 6.9% Basiraamu, n'ebitundu 3.1 ba Pentekooti n'ebitundu 1.5% bagoberera enzikiliza endala.[11]

Ebyafaayo[kyusa | edit source]

Abakonzo baali bamu ku Kisinde kya Rwenzururu abaali balina eby'okulwanyisa okulumbagana Obwakabaka bwa Toro ne Gavumenti eya wakati olw'anyinyitira okutuusa mu makati g'omwaka 1960 ne 1980.[12] Mu 2008, Gavumenti yatongoza Obusinga bwa Rwenzururu obwatandikibwawo Abakonjo n'abantu b'eggwanga lya Amba, nga bwe bwasooka mu Uganda okuba nga bugabanwa amawanga abiri.[13]

Okuva mu Gwomusanvu 2014, ebigendererwa by'obusika bileesewo okulwanagana era nkumi bafudde. Obusinga bwa Rwenzururu bulabye ku musaayi oguyiika nga n'ekyasembayo kyeyabalukawo mu Gwekkuminogumu 2016; olutalo olw'abalukawo wakati wa Gavumenti ya Uganda n'obusinga bwa Rwenzururu. Olutalo luno lw'aviirako abantu nkumi na nkumi okufa ate n'abandi ne bakwatibwa omwali ne Omusinga waabwe Ow'ekitiibwa Charles Mumbere n'eyali katikkiro we Thembo Kistumbire.Enyumba za Bankonzo ne Bamba/Babwisi zayokebwa.[14]

Abamu ku Bakonjo abamanyifu mulinu Amon Bazira, munnabyabufuzi eyakola ennyo mu kutesagana okw'okukomya obutakaanya obwaliwo mu 1980, ne Charles Mumbere, ayitibwa Omusinga (king), w'obusinga bwa Rwenzururu.[15] Omulala amanyikiddwa ye Musa Baluku akulira ISCAP (Islamic State - Central Africa Province).

Ensibuko y'abwe[kyusa | edit source]

Ebyafaayo bikirina nti Abakonzo babeerako ku lusozi Elgon mu Buvanjuba bwa Uganda era mu biseera by'okusenguka kwa Kintu, Abakonzo baggya ne Kintu mu Buganda. Wabula mu kifo ky'okusigala mu Buganda, Abakonzo kigambibwa nti basalawo okweyongerayo okutuusa lw'ebasalawo okubukala mu Buggwanjuba bwa Mt. Rwenzori nga n'alwo lwalina embeera enkyukakyuka y'obudde y'emu nga Mt. Elgon gyebasooka okubeera. Kino kigambibwa okubeera nga kyaliwo mu biseera bya A.D. 1300.[6]

Abakonzi babadde ku lusozi lwa Rwenzori okuva mu eby'edda era tebalina nsibuko ndala yonna. Enjogera eno elaga nti bajjajja ba Bakonzo basibuka mu mpuku z'olusozi lwa Rwenxori ne balyoka bazaala Abakonzo abalala.[16]

Ebiwandiike[kyusa | edit source]

Konjo alphabet of Kambale (2007)
a b d e f g h i k l m n o p q r s t u v w y z
Konjo alphabet of minisita w'ebyenjigiriza mu Uganda
a b bb d e f g gh gy h i ï k ky l lh m mb n
nd ng ngy nt ny nz o p r s t th ts u ü v w y z

Amaanya agatuumibwa abaana[kyusa | edit source]

Abakonzo batuuma abaana baabwe amanya okusinziira ku biseera bye babazaaliramu era nga buli linnya ly'ekika lyoleka omwana azaliddwa w'akumekka okugez asooka, ow'okubiri oba asembayo. Abalenzi balina amanya munaana saako n'abawala.[17][18]

Amannya agaweebwa abaana abalenzi[kyusa | edit source]

  1. Omwana asooka atuumibwa Baluku oba Mutoha, ne Nzeruku ng'abajjajja b'abaana okuva ku njuyi zombi bafa. Wabula ba jjajja okuva ku njuyi zombi bwebaba bakyaliwo mu kaseera omwana omulenzi w'azalibwa , atuumibwa Mumbere oba Kambere oba Kasoke.[17][18]
  2. Omwana ow'okubiri atuumibwa Bwambale oba Mbaju oba Kambasu oba Kambale[1][17][18]
  3. Omwana ow'okusatu Masereka oba Marahi oba Maate oba Kabuhyahya g'emannya mubimpimpi.[1][17][18]
  4. Omwana ow'okuna atuumibwa Kuule era nga lisomwa nga Kule.[1][17][18]
  5. Omwana ow'okutaano atuumibwa Thembo oba Kathembo.[1][17][18]
  6. Omwana ow'omukaaga atuumibwa Mbusa oba Kabusa.[1][17][18]
  7. Omwana ow'omusanvu atuumibwa Tsongo.[17][18]
  8. Omwana ow'omunaana atuumibwa Ndungu, era nga yasuubirwa okubeera omwana asembayo.[1][18]
  9. Wabula bwe wabeerayo omwana oluvanyuma lwa Ndungu, aweebwa elinnya eddala lyonna abazadde lye baba basiimye.

Amaanya agatuumibwa abaana abawala

  1. Omwana omuwala asooka atuumibwa Masika. Wabula omwana omuwala asooka yandituumibwa Musoki bwe baba nga ba jjajja okuva ku njuyi zombi bakyali balamu mu kaseera omwana mw'azaliddwa.
  2. Omwana ow'okubiri atuumibwa Biira oba Kabiira (nga "ka" kakozesebwa okutegeeza obutono, meaning Kabiira kitegeesa "Biira omutono")[1][17][18]
  3. Omwana ow'okusatu atuumibwa Kabugho oba Kaswera.[1][17][18]
  4. Omwana ow'okuna atuumibwa Mbambu oba Kahambu (nga "ka" kitegeeza butono). oba Kapambu[1][17][18]
  5. Omwana ow'okutaano Ithungu oba Kathungu [1][17][18]
  6. Omwana ow'omukaaga atuumibwa Kyakimwa.[1][17][18]
  7. Omwana ow'omusanvu atuumibwa Nziabake nga lisomebwa nga Nzyabake[1][17][18]
  8. Omwana ow'omunaana atuumibwa Bulubasa era nga lisomebwa nga Balhubasa era nga yasuubirwa okusembayo.[1][17][18]Omwana ow'omunaana era asobola okutuumibwa Kalibanda oba Kathya.[17]

Abahasa(amanya agatuumibwa Abalongo)[kyusa | edit source]

  1. Omulongo omukulu atuumibwa Nguru ate omulala n'atuumibwa Ndobya nga tebagoberedde kikula kye.
  2. Abalongo bombi bwe babeera abalenzi, omulongo omukulu atuumibwa Isingoma ate omuto n'atuumibwa Kato.[1]
  3. Abalongo bombi bwe babeera abawala, omulongo omukulu atuumibwa Nyangoma ate omuto n'atuumibwa Nyakato.[1]
  4. Abaana abadda ku balogo batuumibwa Kitsa (era nga kiwandiikibwa nga Kiiza), ng'agobererwa Kamalha n'oluvanyuma Karumba oba Kibaba n'oluvanyuma n'ebagobererwa Nzangura nga tebafudde ku kikula kye.[1][17][18]
  5. Maama bw'azaala omulenzi n'omuwala, omulongo omukulu bw'aba mulenzi atuumibwa Nguru oba Isingoma ate omuwala atuumibwa Nyakato oba Ndobya.[1]
  6. Maama bw'azaala abalongo babiri ng'omukulu muwala atuumibwa Nguru oba Nyangoma ate omulenzi n'atuumibwa Ndobya oba Kato.[1]
  7. Nyabahasa ly'elinnya elituumibwa maama w'abalongo.[17]
  8. Isebahasa ly'elinnya elituumibwa taata w'abalongo.[17]

Amanya g'Abakonzo amalala[kyusa | edit source]

  1. Muhindo oba Kahindo lye linnya elituumibwa omwana omulenzi oba omuwala bwekiba nga bazadde baabwe bazadde omwana ow'ekikula ekirala okuva ku be basooka okuzaala gamba nga okuva ku balenzi n'azaala omuwala oba okuva mu bawaala n'azaala abalenzi.
  2. Mbindule ly'elinnya eliweebwa omwana omuwala asooka okuzaalibwa bwe baba nga bazadde be babadde balina baana balenzi.[1] [17]
  3. Kanyere ly'elinnya eliyuumibwa omwana asooka okuzaalibwa singa bazadde be bombi bafumbiriganwa mbeerera.[1] [17]
  4. Nzanzu oba Nzazwa ly'elinnya elituumibwa omwana omulenzi azalibwa singa bazadde be bombi basangibwa nga bafumbiriganwa bali mbeerera.[1] [17]
  5. Bethubanji ly'elinya elituumibwa omwana nga tebagoberedde kikula kye bwe kiba nga ba jjajja be ne bazadde be basangibwa bakyali balamu.[1]
  6. Akatsukulhu lyelinnya elituumibwa omwana singa jjajja we n'akabirye abeera mulamu.[1]
  7. Kibaya, Kyithi, Bisogho, Kamabu, Bityabitya or Bisiika/Kyirere ng'emannya agatuumibwa abaana abalenzi abazaliddwa ng'abaganda baabwe abakulu bafudde.[1][17]
  8. Mutsuba, Bisiika, Bighasaki (ekivvunulwa nti "tolina mugaso n'omufu akusinga omugaso") ne Kyabu (nga kivvunulwa nga "kasasiro") g'emannya agatumibwa omwana omuwala azaalibwa oluvanyuma lw'abaganda be abakulu okufa.[1][18]
  9. Muthende ly'elinnya elituumibwa omwana ng'abaana abalenzi bagenze ku mikolo gy'okukomolwa.[1]
  10. Byerire ly'elinnya elituumibwa omwana azaalibwa mu biseera by'amakungula.[1]
  11. Amanya amalala agakyusiddwa okuva mu nnimi endala nga Olunyankole mulimu; Lwanzu okuva mu Rukundo (aekigambo ky'Olunyankole ekitegeeza omukwano), Athwanzire okuva mu Natukunda (Ekigambo ky'Olunyankole ekitegeeza "Atwagala") ne Apipawe okuva mu Ahimbisibwe (Ekigambo ky'Olunyankole ekitegeeza "Atekeddwa okusinzibwa")[1]
  12. Sibendire ekivvunirwa nga tebamwagala".[17]
  13. Baswekire ekivvunurwa nti abantu ba kukyokoza.
  14. Balinandi ekivvunurwa nti bali ku ludda lw''ani, elinnya elituumibwa omwana nga nnyina abadde akyokozebwa olw'obugumba.

Ebirala ku manya agatuumibwa Abankonzo[kyusa | edit source]

  1. Emannya Musoki Mumbere gaweebwa abaana nga bazadde baabwe bafumbiriganwa mu butongole.
  2. Bw'ozaala abaana abalenzi mu kusooka oluvanyuma n'ozaala omuwala elinnya lye ajjakutuumibwa Muhindo n'omuwala amuddako (Muhindo) bamuyita Biira ye muwala azaaliddwamu mu famire eyo.
  3. Ebiseera nga obulumbaganyi bw'enzige, okutta abantu abantu n'okufa n'abyo bijjibwamu amannya agamu. Mu Bakonzo, entikko y'obulamu bagikkiririza mu kufa.[18] Abakonzo bakitwala nti abafu basukkulumu okusinga abalamu era omwana azaalibwa oluvanyuma lw'okufa kw'omwana omulala alabibwa nga atalina makulu.[18]
  4. Nzyabake ne Balhubasa tegakyawulikika nnyo olw'ensonga nti mu biseera bino abakyala tebakyazaala baana mukaaga oba musanvu nga bawala.[18]
  5. Amannya ag'olunyiriri gatumibwa ng'eteeka bweligamba (ebigambo ebitaliiko kunyonyola), Nzyabake, Balhubasa ne Kithawithelina bigambo ebinyonyola akatono. Nzyabake kitegeeza "Nsigazzawo bitono" songa Balhubasa kitegeeza "Mu bungi".[18]
  6. Waliwo okwagala okufuna ba Baluku oba ba Bwambale mu famire ezirimu abakyala abangi kubanga buli maama asobola alina omwana asooka oba ow'okubiri.[18]
  7. Abaana abalenzi basobola okutuumibwa amannya g'abawala.[18]

Enkola mu Famire[kyusa | edit source]

Famire z'Abakonzo zimenyebwamu okutuuka ku ssa lya Famire elimu taata, maama n'abaana era ne Famire elimu taata, maama, abaana n'abengaanda abalala. Mu Bakonzo, baganda ba taata n'abo bayitibwa ba taata ba baana. Era n'ebakyala baabwe bayitibwa ba maama ba baana oba bebabazaala oba nedda.

Famile ngeri gy'ezikutulwamu mu Bakonzo
Ekitiiba (Luganda) Ekitiibwa

(Lhukonzo)

Okunyonyola Ekika kya famire
Taata Omusajja alina akakwate ak'omusaayi eri abaana be Famire elimu taata, Maama n'abaana
Maama Omukazi alina akakwate ak'omusaayi eri abaana be Famire elimu taata, Maama n'abaana
Mutabani Omulenzi oba omusajja alina akakwate eri omuzadde omu oba bombi Famire elimu taata, Maama n'abaana
Muwala Omuwala oba omukazi alina akakwate eri omuzadde omu oba bombi Famire elimu taata, Maama n'abaana
Ssenga/ maama muto muganda wa Taata oba Maama, omukyala oba muganzi wa Kojja Famire elimu Taata, Maama, abaana n'aboluganda abalala.
Kojja/ Taata muto muganda wa Taata oba Maama, omusajja oba muganzi wa Ssenga/ maama muto Famire elimu Taata, Maama, abaana n'aboluganda abalala.
Kizibwe Kizibwe y'e mwana wa kojja oba ssenga oba ow'oluganda olw'ewala okugeza nga siwakulusegere nnyo nga mugandawo omuwala oba omulenzi Famire elimu Taata, Maama, abaana n'aboluganda abalala.
Muwala Muwala y'e mwana omuwala owa mugandawo omuwala oba omulenzi Famire elimu Taata, Maama, abaana n'aboluganda abalala.
Mutabani Mutabani y'e mwana omulenzi owa mugandawo omuwala oba omulenzi Famire elimu Taata, Maama, abaana n'aboluganda abalala.
Jajja musajja Taata wa maama oba taata wo Famire elimu Taata, Maama, abaana n'aboluganda abalala.
Jajja mukyala Maama eri taata oba maama wo Famire elimu Taata, Maama, abaana n'aboluganda abalala.
Taata Taata eri Jajja wo Famire elimu Taata, Maama, abaana n'aboluganda abalala.
Maama Maama eri Jajja wo Famire elimu Taata, Maama, abaana n'aboluganda abalala.

Ebika n'emiziro gy'abyo[kyusa | edit source]

Abankonzo era bamanyikiddwa nga Abayiira oba Abanande oba Abanyarwenzururu balina ebika 14 n'emiziro egy'enjawulo. (Ebihanda 14 ebyaba'yiira n'emitsiro).

Ebika bilina okukuuma emiziro gy'abyo nga tebakkirizibwa kubilumya, kutta oba okubirya.[19]

Buli kika mu Bakonzo kirina ekika ekira mu Bankonzo kyebatwala nga "balabe baabwe". Okugeza, abalabe b'ABakira ky'ekika kya Bahira.

"Abasu Banyangalba" kika ky'abalangira n'abambejja.[20] omuntu bw'aba tazaalibwa mu mima ky'abalangira oba abambejja aba talifuuka Omusinga wa Rwenzururu.[20]

Ebika by'Abakonjo n'emizizo
Ekika Omuziro Lhukonzo Omuziro mu Luganda
Abahira Entajumba / Enganga Enkofu
Abasu (males) / Abasukali (Females) Engabi & Ekisukali Engabi & Nnamunungu
Abahambu Enyange Nyonyi nyange
Abaswagha Engwe Engo
Ababinga Embakwe Enkobe
Abasongora (not the cattle keepers' tribe) Omushenene Nsenene
Abathanji Ekibandu & Endeghetheghe Kimpanze n'embwa
Abanyisanza Enzoghu Enjovu
Abalegha Engeya Nkima
Abakira Embogho Mbogo
Abaseru Entajumba
Abahinda Engende Nkima
Abalumba Embuli mulime
Abakunda Enyamulime Aardvark

Emikolo gy'obuwangwa egy'Abakonzo[kyusa | edit source]

Emikolo gy'okukomola[kyusa | edit source]

Abankozo balina emikolo gy'okukomola egya buli mwaka gyebayitanga "Olhusumba" wabula gwasembayo okukolebwa mu 1973 oluvanyuma lw'okusomozebwa okwava ku ba ku nzikiliza y'ekiKulisitaayo eyali etandiiseewo mu kitundu kye Rwenzori edda naye oluvanyuma by'aterezabwa. Era abazadde batandiika okutwala abaana baabwe mu malwaliro oba nga bayita abakugu awaka okubakomolera awaka.[21][22] Emikolo gye'gimu gyakolebbwa aba Nandi amawanga ga Bamba/Babwisi abaali babeera mu Buvanjuba bwa Democratic Republic of Congo. Emikolo gino gy'atwala ebbanga lya mwezi gumu ku ebiri.[15][23][21]

Abathende era abayitibwa Bathende (abanatera okukomolwa) bakunganyizibwanga wamu ne bakola ekiyitibwa Olhuthende (okukumba/okulamaga okutuuka awabeeranga wategekeddwa emikolo gya Olhusumba).

Omusajja Omukonzo omukomole bweyafa nga, amazina g'ekinnansi ag'enjawulo gazinibwanga agayitibwa "Omukumu" ku mikolo gy'amaziika ge. Amazina gano gazinibwanga basajja abakomolebwa bokka nga bazina n'abakyala saako n'okukuba engoma. Omukolo ogw'okwambulula gwe gwasokanga okukolebwa ku basajja abatatuukiriza Olhuthende era ebitundu bye eby'ekyama tebyatonwatonwa na butolobojjo.[23]

Mu Bankonzo, erabania tekikolobwa ku nsonga za by'abulamu zokka, wabula kikkirizibwa nti kiyambako mu nsonga z'omukisenge er abasajja. Erabania era alowoozebwako ng'ekiyambako mu kufuula abalenzi abasajja abavumu era emmekete olw'okuba bagumiikiriza obulumi bw'okukomolebwa saako n'okujjanjaba ebiwundu nga bakozesa ddagala lya kinnansi n'amazzi.

Olhusumba teyakolebwanga ku baana bawere wabula yakolebwanga ku balenzi abali wakati w'emyaka munaana (8) n'ekkuminomunaana(18).

Emikolo gya Olhusumba gyabeerangako akasiisira kamu akayitibwa "Omupinda" akaali kazimbiddwa okumoi n'omugga era kazimbibwa lw'amikolo egyo era oluvanyuma lw'emikolo nga giwedde, kamenyebwawo. Omugga ogwo gweyambisibwanga ng'ekifo awajjanjabirwa. Emirundi ebiri mu lunaku ( ku makya n'akawungeezi), Abathande balina okutuula mu mazzi g'omugga aganyogoga ngemu ku ngeri y'okwejjanjaba era baalina okudda ewaka nga bawonedde ddala.[23]

Waliwo ebitakolebwa mu kaseera ka Olhusumba nga;

  • Abazadde ba Abathende tebaalina kwegatta mu nsonga z'omukwano okutuusa batabani baabwe lw'ebakomawo[23]
  • Enyombo tezakkirizibwanga mu maka kubanga kino kyali kiyinza okuvirako ebiwundu bya Abathende okulwawo okuwona.[23]
  • Oluvanyuma lw'okukomolwa, tewali mukyala yali akkirizibwa okulabagana n'omu ku Abathende anti kyandiviirako okulwawo okuwona.[23]
  • Omusajja Omukonzo yali takkirizibwa kukomolebwa musajja munne nga Mukonzo.

Abakazi bakkirizibwanga awagenda okukolebwa emikolo gya Olhusumba ku ntandikwa y'agwo okusobola okwetaba mu mazina g'ekinaansi agayitibwa "Omukumu" ne ku lunaku olusembayo nga "abasajja abaggya" (Abathende abawonedde ddala) nga bakomezeddwawo okuva mu Omupinda. Abakazi ab'etaba mu kuzina amazina ga Omukumu be bakkirizibwanga bokka okumenyawo akasiisira ka Omupinda.

Oluvanyuma lw'amazina, abasajja abakomoleddwa bakkirizibwa okugenda ewaka. Abadde b'omwana eyalwangawo okuwona bavunanibwanga olw'okuyingirira obuwangwa.

Ezimu ku nsonga ez'aviirako emikolo gino okukomekkerezebwa ;

  • Ezikiriza z'eddini n'ebyobuwangwa. Abantu abamu tebalindanga mikolo anti n'Abasiraamu baali bakomola ng'akabinero ek'enzikiriza yaabwe.
  • Okukomola abaana abawere mu malwaliro.[23]
  • Okusaasana kw'eddini y'ekikulisitaayo.[23] Abaminsani abamu bayita emikolo egimu nga Olhusumba egitali ky'abwa Katonda.[23]
  • Okuwerebwa kw'emikolo gy'okukomola mu 1975 mu batali Basiraamu ku biragiro bya Idi Amin Dada kubanga yalowooza nti emikolo gy'ali gilemesa enteekateeka n'okutendekebwa ky'amaggye.
  • Okuva kw'abafuzi b'amatwale.[8]

Emikolo gy'okufumbiriganwa (Erithahya)[kyusa | edit source]

Abakonzo bakyakola obufumbo bw'obuwangwa.[24] Obufumba bw'Abakonzo bwali bwetagisa omusajja okubeera omukomole. era n'abaana ab'obuwala bonna baalina okubeera emberera. Abawala abafunanga embuto nga tebannafumbirwa, battibwanga.[5] Obufumbo bw'abaana abato saako n'abakadde okuganza abaana abato kyali waggulu nnyo mu Bakonzo naddala omuntu ow'emyaka 50+ okuwasa omubuvubuka ow'emyaka 20.[25][26] Okwetaba mu bikola eby'omukwano nga tomunnafumbiriganwa byagaanibwa mu Bakonzo.

Okubookinga abagalwa[kyusa | edit source]

Okubookinga abagalwa ku myaka emito byakolebwanga aba famire ezaali ziliranye. Edda abakadde balina okulonda omuwala (Omwalyana) owa mu mutabani waabwe nga bakolnga nga okunoonyereza ku famire y'omuwala. Omulenzi teyalina lukusa kwelondera mugole we/ mukyala we (Omwalyana). Era bwali buvunanyizibwa bwa Famire y'omuwala okukola okunoonyereza ku Famire y'omulenzi oba munyiikivu mu kukola saako n'empisa. Kyali kikkirizibwa nti abaana ab'empisa ennungi bwe babfumbiriganwanga, baali bajjakuzaala abaana abalina empisa ng'ezabakkadde baabwe.

Abazadde baali bakkirizibwa okubookinga omuwala famire eyo n'ebweba tennaba kuzaala mwana muwala (Erihiika) n'okukakasa okwagala kwaabwe, famire y'omulenzi y'atwalanga eddiba ly'embuzi oba endiga eryali ligonzeddwa n'omuzigo (Embono) eri omukulu wa famire gyebasiimye ku lw'omuwala yenna anazaalibwa naddala ng'omukyala mu maka ago ali lubuto. Era omwana azaalibwa bwabeera mulenzi, era famire eyatwala eddiba esigala n'essuubi nti omwana omuwala lw'azaalibwa. Omwana omuwala bw'azaalibwa, eddiba ly'embuzi oba ely'endiga eryatwalibwa lyelikozesebwa okumuweeka okutuusa lw'akula. Okukola eddiba eryo, embuzi oba endiga yagibwako eddiba okutandikira ku nsingo ppaka ku bugere era nga olw'olususu lw'obugere lwe lukozesebwa okusiba omwana.

Omwana oyo eyabookingibwa bweyawezanga emyaka munaana (08), yategezebwa amaka geyali agenda okufumbirwamu era olumu yasindikibwanga okutwalayo ebintu mu maka ga famire eyo n'olumu okuzanyirayo n'okukula n'abaana abalala okuyiga empisa zaabwe okutuusa lw'eyaweza emyaka kkumi (10) olwo n'aweebwayo mu butongole eri famire eyo. Naye teyabeeranga ne asuubira okufuuka balo anti naye yabeeranga mu myaka kkuminebiri (12) ku kkuminena (14) wabula yasulanga ne Nnazaalawe (Mabyalha) ku bulili bwe bumu ne Ssezaalawe (Tatabyalha) okutuusa lwe yawezanga emyaka wakati wa kkuminena (14) n'ekkuminomukaaga (16) okusinzira ku ddi bakadde b'omulenzi bwebagalamu omuwala oyo okufumbirwa mutabani waabwe n'okutandiika amaka gaabwe. Omuwala atendekebwa Nnazaalawe ku nsonga z'obufumba okugeza nga ekyo ky'asubirwa okukola eri bba we, kiki kyalina okukola na ddi lw'ekirina okukolebwa, nggeri gyalina okukwatamu omusajja we, engeri y'okukwasaganyamu ebimusoomoza, oba n'okunoonya okulungamizibwa mu nsonga endala.

Abazadde b'omulenzi bwebawulira nga nti akaseera k'abaana baabwe okufumbiriganwa katuuse, Ssezaala yagendanga n'asalaa endduli n'essubi (Esiiseke) n'atwala omulenzi mu kifo ky'anazimbamu ennyumaba gy'anabeeramu ne mukyalawe. Enkola eno eyitibwa Erityandilha. Oluvanyuma lw'okuzimba, aweebwa omuwala. Omuwala bwatawuliranga mirembe mu nnyumba empya addayo n'eyebaka ne Nnazaalawe oluvanyuma amumatiza okuddayo mu nnyumba ya bba we.

Obufumbo bw'obuwangwa obwatandikibwa ku nkola eyo bwa wangaala nnyo olw'enkolagana ey'amaanyi eyaliwo mu famire zombi okuva mu buto okutuusa lwe bakula. Naye ensangi zino, bombi omulenzi n'omuwala bakuzibwa mu famire z'anjawulo naye omulenzi n'omuwala bwe begombagana, omulenzi awa omuwala abbaluwa ekkakasa nti amwagadde era mwetegefu okumuwasa. Era bw'akikkiriza, omusajja atekeddwa okumuwa ekirabo "Ekisiimo" nga kirina okuba omuwendo gwa ssente naye kisoboka okuba ekintu kyonna omusajja ky'alaba nga kisaana omukazi gw'alonze okuva ku ntobo y'omutima gwe okusinziira ku busobozi bwe era tewali alagira ku muwendo gw'alina okuwa nga Ekisiimo kubanga omuntu alina okukola ekyo ky'asobola era tebalina kusuubira kinene okuva eri omusajja.

Famire y'omukyala eya nobye basobola okusalawo okuzaayo muwala waabwe oluvanyuma lw'okunoba oba omusajja azze okusisinkagana ne famire y'omuwala oba nedda oba oluvanyuma lw'okubigaayamu naye ne bakizuula nti ensonga eza munobeza teziliimu gumba. Taata w'omuwala atwala embuzi eri famire y'omusajja ne bagisala, ne bagifumba era ne bagirya. Naye singa n'omusajja agaana okuddingaana n'omukyala , Taata w'omuwala aweebwa ebbaluwa okuva eri taata w'omulenzi elambika nti omugole bamutadde era omusajja eyandiyagadde okumuwasa asobola okumuwasa.

Oluvanyuma lw'omuwala/mukyala (anatera okufuuka omugole) okutegezaako ku nnyina omusajja gw'alonze okubeera baze n'obudde bwateeseteese okubakyalira. Maama oluvanyuma ategeeza taata ku bufumbo bwa muwalawe nga bwayanjula n'ekirabo kye yaguze ng'akozesa ekisiimo.[27] Era ne banoonyereza ku mulenzi anatera okufuuka omukoddomi okugeza ebyafaayo bya famire mwava. N'oluvanyuma ebivudde mu kunonyereza by'andiba mu bbaluwa oba mu bigamba biwerezebwa eri famire y'omusajja (anateera okufuuka omwami) okuyita mu muwala waabwe nga mulimu n'obudde obukkiriziganyiziddwako bwalina okujja okukyala n'okwongera okumanyigana.

Emikolo gy'okwanjulwa (Erisunga)[kyusa | edit source]

Omugaso gw'okwanjulwa kwe kumanya wa omukyala ( anatera okubeera omugole) gy'asibuka saako n'okuteesa ku mutwalo (Omukagha) oba ebiralo ebiwasa omukyala famire y'omusajja byelina okutwala eri famire y'omukyala okuwasa muwala waabwe.[28] Famire y'omuwala yetekeddwa okusasulira by'onna ebikozesebwa ku mukolo gw'okwanjula (erisunga) nga teyambiddwako famire y'omusajja. Abatatha (ba Taata ne ba kojja b'omugole omusajja) be bagenda ku mukolo guno. Omugole omusajja tategkeddwa kwetaba ku mukolo guno.[27] Famire y'omuwala esobola okukkiriza oba okugaana famire y'omulenzi oluvanyuma lw'okunoonyereza. Naye singa omuwala oba omulenzi balemerako okufumbiriganwa oluvanyuma lw'okuganibwa famire awo baba tebagya kufuna mikisa okuva eri abazadde.

Ku nnaku z'omwezi ezikkiriziganyiziddwako okukola erisunga, famire y'omugole omusajja etekeddwa okuleeta Ekongotha (omwenge ogumanyikiddwa nga Tonto mu Ekisya Kita kya liita 40 oba ebidomola bibiri ebya liita 20 buli kimu naye ensangi zino kisinzira ku famire gy'okyalamu okusinzira ku nzikiriza n'ebyo byebakkiriza, famire z'Abakonzo ezimu zagala kuleeti za Soda (ezitasukka mu kuleeti ssatu (03) ne kuleeti za Biya. Aba famire y'omugole omusajja bwe batuuka mu maka ga famire y'omugole omukyala, asitudde ekita (Ekongotha) ayambibwako okumutikkula era atekeddwa okunwako olw'endo ku Ekongotha (Engotho) okulaga aba famire y'omukyala nti tegulina buzibu n'okulaga nti temuli butwa era ne tonto yategekeddwa bulungi. Era oyo alondeddwa okukiikirira famire y'omugole omukyala anywera ku kikobo ky'ekimu okukakasa nti ssi kyattabu okunywebwa aba famire abalala. Omugaso gwa Ekongotha kugonza mitima gy'abantu abaali mu lukiiko obutazira birabo bileeteddwa okuwasa omukazi n'okukebera oba omwana omulenzi y'esobola. Erisunga era yetaaga Fumura kigambo nga ebeera mbuzi esalibwa singa famire eyo eba tasalangako kisolo kirala kyonna.

Obufumbo (Erithahya)[kyusa | edit source]

Obufumbo bwa Abakonzo bukkirizibwa oluvanyuma lw'okuwaayo ebirabo ebiwasa omukazi (Omukagha) ogwakkanyizibwako mu kwanjulwa (Erisunga) nga gusasuddwa eri famire y'omuwala ku lunaku lw'obufumbo (erithahya). Era famire y'omulenzi egenda mu maka ga famire y'omuwala ku nnaku endagaane okuwaayo Omukagha omukolo ogubaako okulya n'okuzina.

Omugole omukyala bwaba alekulira okugenda mu maka g'omwami we oluvanyuma lw'emikolo, aba famire ye bonna batuula nga bamwebunguludde era buli omu amulerako okutuusa lwatuuka ku asembayo ( ate kubeera mukulu wa famire) nga amugwa mu kifuba omulundi ogusembayo. Y'ensonga lw'aki abafumbo abasinga mu Bakonzo tebakkirizibwa kugwa mu bifuba by'aba kitaabwe n'okubalera kubanga babagwa mu kifo omulundi ogw'asembayo ekiraga akabonero nti afuuse wa famire y'omusajja mu bujjuvu era ng'eyo gy'azikibwa ka kibe kki.

Embuzi ziyisibwa mu nnyimba omwatuuzibwa olukiiko olwasala ebintu ebiwasa omukazi era embuzi eyo bweyafuka ng'omukolo ogwo gukolebwa, kabeera nga kabonero ka mukisa, embuzi bweyawaliranga okuyita mu nyumba, bagiyiwangako amazi esobole okuyita mu nyumba.

Omukyala bweyafunanga olubuto ng'ebintu tebinnatwalibwa bazadde be ne bakimanyako olwo embuzi eyitibwa Embene eye Eyakibanga esalibwa omusaayi gwayo n'egulekebwa okukulukuta nga tennayingizibwa mu nnyumba nga ekola nga saddaaka eri ba katonda naye enkola eno tekyakolebwa. Embuzi ya Embene ye Kibanga yasalibwanga okwewala embuto okubalwako, okulwayo mu leeba, okulemelerwa okuzaala, okulongosebwa ssi nakindi okufiira mu ssanya.

Omusajja Omukonzo bwawasa omukazi okuva mu kika ky'ekimu, embuzi Embene yo Buwuma esalibwa omusaayi negulekebwa okukulukuta okugyawo ebisiraani ebiyinza okugoberera obufumbo bw'abwe. Kyaki kikkirizibwa nti omu bwafumbirwa oba n'awasa mu kika kye, omusaayi ogwo gugambibwa okulwana era omukyala n'avaamu embuto, oba omukyala ayinza n'obutazaala oba okuzaala abaana nga bafa. Okusala ebisolo kabonero akalaga nti oluganda wakati waabwe luweddewo era tebatekeddwa kinyiigagana oba okwelumya n'ebwebaba bafunye obutakaanya. Eky'obuwangwa kino kikyakolebwa ne mu nnaku zino.

Ebitwalibwa ku buko okuwasa omukazi mulimu;[kyusa | edit source]

Ebita by'omwenge kkuminabibiri (12) (oba ebidomola 24 ebya liita 20 ng'era kisoboka okubeera kuleeti za sooda oba bbiya 12), embuzi kkuminabbiri (12) (zisobola okubeera ez'obuliwo oba sinnakindi mu ngeri ya ssente ezo ezibeera zikkanyizidwako), enkumbi (Eyisuuka), amasuuka nga gatereddwa mu bulangiti, omufaliso, embuzi ya Nnazaala ne Omuseye wa Maama. Edda, Omuseye wa maama kyali nga kikomo kya zaabu oba feeza okukakasa nti endagaano ekoleddwa y'alubeerera. Naye ennaku zino ebimu ku biweebwa nga Omuseye wa maama mulimu; gomesi, engato, Ekikoyi (ekigoye ekyambalibwa mu nda), Ekitambalha kyo ku mutwe (ekiwelo ekyambalibwa ku mutwe), omushanana ne ssente ezitamanyikiddwa muwendo eziyinza okukozesebwa mu kugula obugoye bw'omunda oba okusasula omutunzi. Omuseye wa maama kirabo ekiraga akasiimo eri Mabalya (Nnazaala) olw'amaanyi ge yatekamu okukuza muwalawe.

Naye famire ezimu zikwataganya erisunga ne erithahya olwa ssente n'obudde.

Amanya n'amakulu g'embuzi 12 ezitwalibwa ng'eirabo ebiwasa omukazi (omukagha)
No. Elinnya ly'embuzi Gwe weebwa
1 Ennume (embuzi emu ennene) Kika (Olhughanda)
2 Embuzi enkazi (Nyamwana) Maama w'omugole omukyala
3 Eya Nyinyalhume Kojja w'omuwala.
4 Eya Sokulhu Jjaja musajja ku ludda lwa Taata.
5 Eya Songali Ssenga ow'ensonga.
6 Kithanga Ekkuutira omukyala obutanoba.
7 Kibogho (elina kubeera mu langi nzilugavu) Okuzaamu omuwala amaanyi.
8 Iremba Eri omuwala mu kaseera k'okufumbirwa (Erilemba lemba)
9 Kighondo Okugonza omutima gw'omuwala mu bufumbo
10 Ngabo Okujjukiza omuwala okutakoowa kuwa (erighaba) eri balamu be
11 Eyerisaba Okusabayo omuwala okuva mu famire ye
12 Eyeribhinga okuwerekera ku mbuzi ziri endala

Enkola y'okuwaayo omuwala mu bufumbo gw'akoppebwa okuva mu buwangwa obulala naye Abakonzo abawerako bagitwala. Mu kino omgole omusajja bw'akomawo okunona mukyalawe oluvanyuma lw'okusasula omukagha wabula n'atabaawo ku mikolo gya Eritahya. Omukolo gw'okugaba omuwaa gutegekebwa ku lunaku olulala ng'omukyala akwasibwa bbawe mu butongole. Famire y'omwami eleeta ebirabo eby'akasiimo omuli; ebiteeteyi bya Nnazaala (nyamwana) ne ba Senga (abasongali) olw;okusomesa omuwala mu nsonga z'obufumbo n'ebyo ebimusuubirwamu., Essuuti ya Ssezaala, sukaali, amafuta, ebibiliiti, entebe ( ekika kya soffa oba emmeza olirwa emmere), emiti gya sabbuni, omunyo, omufaliso, ttanka y'amazzi n'ebirala bingi. ebirabo by'akasiimo si by'abuwaze. Wabula singa ebirabo ebiwasa omukazi biba tebinaweebwayo mu bujjuvu okugeza famire y'omuwala yasaba ebintu bingi, ebbanja elyasigalayo lisasulwa ku mikolo egyo. Era embuzi enkazi (Embene yeri saba) esaba omukyala eleetebwa ku lunaku luno. Embuzi etwalibwa ebeera nkazi anti kikkirizaibwa nti abagole bano bagenda kuzaala abaana naye olumu omukyala abeera omugumba oba omusajja nga tamalaako.

Omuko (bonde aka Omukwe, Muko) yakwata omukono gw'omugole omukyala (mwannyina) namukasa ssenga w'omugole omusajja. Bwaba nga omuko muto, kizibwe we yamuwaayo.

Embaga[kyusa | edit source]

Okugenda ku Kkanisa oba Omuzikiti tekyali kyabuwaze munnono z'Abakonzo ez'edda. Naye kati abafumbo abamu Abakonzo bagenda mu masinzizo okutema ebirayiro n'empeta z'obufumbo. Era omuko (Mukodomi / Bonde) yawaayo omugole omukyala eri omugole omusajja ku mikolo gy'okumuwaayo mu butongole mu Kkanisa, Ekeleziya oba Omuzikiti.

Omuko bonde aka (Omukwe, Muko) y'akwata omukono gwa mwanyina okumwolekeza ku katuuti w'anakubira ebirayiro n'ateekateeka okufuuka omwami. Abagole tebakkirizibwa kukwatagana oba kusikangana mu mikono. Omusumba y'ayaniriza abagole bano era n'abasaba emikono n'oluvanyuma n'akwasa omugole omukazi eri omugole omusajja. Okuva mu kaseera ako omusumba nga abakwataganyiza emikono, abagole abo tebatengana mikono okutuusa lw'ebafuluma e Kkanisa.

Omugole omukyala bw'aba akyali mbereera okutuusa mu kaseere k'embaga[kyusa | edit source]

Ssenga ow'ensonga alina okuwerekera omugole mu maka ge amagya. Era mu kiro ky'embaga ssenga agenda n'abagole mu kisenge okubalungamya ku kiki eky'okukola naddala ekiro ky'abwe ekisooka okubeera mu bikolwa aby'abafumbo. Era omwami awo w'akakasiza oba ddala omuwala abadde mberera oba nedda era nga alopera ssenga abadde mu kisenge saako ne kojjawe.

Era ku makya amasuuka ge basuzeeko ekiro gatwalibwa ewa ssenga w'omuwala (Songali we songa) okukebera ekitereka oba ddala omuwala yali mberera oba nedda. Omuwala singa asangibwa mbeerera, ssenga eyabadde mu kisenge ne kojja w'omusajja basala ekituli mussuuka eyo er azo esuuka teziweerezebwa eri songali we songa. Omugole bw'aba abadde mbeerera, amasuuka ago tegozebwa nga tegannaba kuweerezebwa wa senga ow'ensonga (Songali we songa.)

Tewali mikolo gyanjawulo gikolebwa olw'okuba omuwala yabadde mbeerera wabula famire ye ebeera mu ssanyu n'akusagambiza anti muwala waabwe agenda kuzaala Kanyere (Kanyere oba Nzanzwa (bwaba omulenzi)

Erihimbulha Ebihango[kyusa | edit source]

Oluvanyuma lw'omuwala ng'atwaliddwa bbawe, Ssenga ow'ensonga (Songali Owesonga) ateekeddwa okuddayo ekka okusaanyawo by'onna ebyakozesebwa mu mikolo gya Erihimbulha Ebihango nga byakozesebwa mu kugaba omugole omukazi era ssenga yekka yateekeddwa okubyisaanyawo. Ate bw'atakyala w'aka, tewabaawo muntu mulala ab'agenda okubisaanyawo. Omulamwa guli mu kumanya ebivudde eri muwala waabwe n'abutya bwakwasaganya amakage amagya, oba ssenga yetaaga okumutendeka ku nsonga yonna oba nga teyamutendekebwa mu ntandiikwa.

Okwawukana[kyusa | edit source]

Omwami n'omukyala bwe baba tebasobola kuganjola bizibu by'ebasanga n'addala ebyo ebibaviirako okwagala okwawukana, abagole bano bogera ku nsonga ezibasomooza ne besiti maani, meturoni oba omuntu omulala yenna bafumbo gwe basuubira okuyambako mu kuzigonjoola. Bwe balemelerwa okuzigonjola, omukyala agenda ew'omukoddomi (mwanyina eya mugaba) okumulopera okwawukana kwaabwe. Oluvanyuma omuko ategeeza bakadde b'omuwala ku kunoba kw'amuwala waabwe.

Okukyala kw'omwami mu maka g'omukyala eyanobye[kyusa | edit source]

Omusaayi oguva mu mukyala ng'azadde guba tegunnakala, Nnakawere (Omubithi) yali takkirizibwa kwebaka ku bulili bwe obw'obufumbo anti yatwalibwanga atali muyonjo kimala okwebaka ku bulili obwo saako n'okumuganya okuwona obulungi okuva mu kuzaala n'okutegana kw'olubuto. N'olwensonga eyo, yayalirwanga omufaliso wansi n'omwanawe okumala ebbanga lwa ssabiiti mukaaga (06). Olunaku Nnakawere lw'adda ku buli bwe obw'obufumbo, omukolo omulala gukolebwa ku lunaku olw'omunaana omukolo gwa Eritwa Omulhemba lwe gwakolebwa era enkeera omwana afulumizibwa n'alagibwa eri famire y'omusajja nga bano bamuwa ebirabo omuli ssente n'ebirabo ebirala eri oyo afuuse Taata, Maama.[22] Era olunaku omwana lw'alagibwa eri bazadde b'omusajja, omukulu w'ekika lw'amutuuma erinnya ye ly'abasiimye okumuwa. Nnakawere abatekeddwa okuddayo ewaka okujjaguza ne famire ye anti aba alina okuweebwa embuzi n'akawunga ka muwogo okutwala mu makage. Era waweebwa abantu okumukwatirako ku bintu ng'addayo mu makage. Ng'atuuse ewaabwe, ssente z'asookanga kuteekebwa ku Nnakawere nga tebanna situla mwanaolwo ne balyoka bawa omwana ey'akazaalibwa emikisa. saako n'okukkiriza omwana. Abazadde abagya baddayo mu maka gaabwe era ekyo kikola nga akabonero mu lujjudde nti abafumbo bakuddamu okukola emikolo gyaabwe egy'abafumbo ku lunaku olwo lw'ennyini.

singa ensonga z'okwawukana zibeera zigonjoddwa, omukyala asalawo okuddayo n'omwami we ku lunaku lwe lumu olwo oba asobola okusabayo akadde oba ennaku entono nga tannadayo er bbawe saako n'okukakasa olunaku olutuufu lw'anaddirako ewuwe.

Bwe waba tewali nzikiriziganya etuukiddwako[kyusa | edit source]

Bweziba ng'ensonga z'okwawukana tezigonjoddwa wakati w'omwami n'omukyala okugeza ng'omukyala agaanye kuddayo ewa bba, famire y'omuwala elina okuzzaayo embuzi kkuminabbiri (12) ez'asasulwa mu kwanjula eri aba famire y'omusajja. Mu kuzaayo eby'aletebwa mu kwanjula, omuko y'atekeddwa okuzaayo Edhimu era n'omwami ayawukana ne mukyalawe atwala entebe gwabadde atuddeko mu lukiiko ne famire y'omukyala. Ebbaluwa empandiike okuva mu famire y'omusajja eweebwa aba famire y'omukyala nga ebeeramu okulambika nti omukyala bamwesonyiye era omusajja eyandiyagadde okumuwasa asobola okumuwasa.

Wabula okufumbiriganwa kw'Abakonzo n'amawanga amalala kuviiriddeko okukoppa eby'obuwangwa n'ennono eby'abalala n'enkyukakyuka mu mirembe bakubaganye empawa ku nsonga y'okuzaayo ebintu eby'atwalibwa ku buko nga embuzi 12 ezaali z'atwalibwa ate nga omukyala yali azadde nga tannaba kunoba.

Okuzaayo omukyala eri bba[kyusa | edit source]

Naye edda, "Ekisiimo" kyabeeranga ssente. Kyabeeranga Ekisiimo omukyala ky'eyakozesanga okwanjula omusajjawe eri bakadde be oba maama oba taata wabula abakyala abasinga bategeeza ba nnyabwe, yakozesanga Ekisiimo okwegulira ebintu ebipya nga engoye, era ekitundu ku Ekiisimo ssengawe ow'ensonga (Songali wesonga) anamutwala mu bufumbo. Naye omukyala (anatera okubeera omugole) alina okwanjula omuwendo ogumuweereddwa eri maamawe saako n' zasaasanyizako era n'abintu ki by'abuze. Okuva ku mutemwa gw'agabiddeko nnyina, maama akozesaako okugulira taatawe ekirabo oba ekintu kyayagala kubanga maamawe y'amanyi kki bbawe ky'ayagala.

Emikolo egikolebwa oluvanyuma lw'okuzaala[kyusa | edit source]

Omukyala bwa ba ali lubuto, famire y'omuwala ebeera elina okutegeezebwako basobole okweteeateeka n'okusaba. Era bw'aba atandise okulumwa ebisa, famire ye etegezebwaako olwo maama oba mugandawe basobola okujja okumuyambako. Oluvanyuma lw'okuzaala, famire y'annakawere etegezebwa era ne bakola enteetateeka z'omukolo gwa Eritwa Omulhemba mu nnaku 7 ng'amze okusumulukuka.

Emikolo gya Eritwa omulhemba gibeeramu okufumbira nnakawere emmere gy'ayagala saako n'okumusiba akawuzi (Omulhemba) mu kiwato okutangira olubuto okugaziwa ennyo olw'okuzaala era n'emmere gy'alya ebeera eyambibwako akaguwa ako (Omulhemba) kubanga balina okukkiriza nti munda mu lubuto lwe muba mukoleddwamu ekituli olw'omwana abadde akuliramu. Emmere efumbiddwa yaweebwanga omusajja ne famire ye. Era famire y'omulenzi yalina okuzaayo emmere enkalu ( emmere embisi) ng'eyinza okuba amatooke, ennyama n'ebika by'emmere ebirala.

Omukyala bw'aba tannaba kukala okuva mu kuzaala, Nnakawere (Omubithi) yali takkirizibwa kwebaka ku bulili bwe obw'obufumbo kubanga yali talowoozebwa kubeera muyonjo ekimala n'okusobozesa Nnakawere okuwonera ddala okuva mu kuzaala n'okusomozebwa kweyafuna ng'akyali lubuto. N'olwekyo, y'ebakanga ku mufaliso ogwayalibwanga wansi weyasulanga n'omwana okumala ebbanga ly'assabiiti mukaaga (06).[29] Olunaku Nnakawere lw'addayo ku buliri bwe, waliwo emikolo egikolebwa ku lunaku olw'omunaana ng'emikolo gya Eritwa Omulhemba ku lunaku oluddako omwana yafulumizibwanga okulagibwa mu bazadde b'omwami abamuwa ebirabo omuli ssente ezitamanyikiddwa muwendo n'ebirabo ebirala eri Nnakawere ne Ssekawere. Olunaku omwana lw'asisinkana ne bajjajaabe lwa weebwa elinnya omukulu w'ekika ly'abasiimye. Omubithi addayo ewaabwe okujjaguza ne famire ye era aweebwa embuzi n'obuwung bwa muwogo era aweebwa abantu okumukwatirako ebintu ng'addayo ewaka. Bweyatuukanga mu bakadde be, ensimbi zasoka kuteekebwanga ku Nnakawere nga tebannaba kusitula mwana kumuwa mikisa era n'okukkiriza omwana. Abazadde abapya baddayo mu maka gaabwe era kino kikola ng'akabonero ak'omulwatu nti abagalana bagenda kuddamu emikolo egikolebwa abafumbo ku lunaku olwo lw'ennyini.

Okuzaala abalongo[kyusa | edit source]

Omukyala bweyazaala abalongo (abahasa) era aweebwa ekitiibwa kya Nnalongo (Nyabahasa). Nnalongo yalina okuddayo mu bakadde be okujaguza emikolo gya "Erithahya Olhuhasa" kubanga omukyala yeyaleetanga abalongo mu nyumba era ebirabo ebyali bilina okuleetebwa mu bibiri bibiri bilina kutwalibwa kw'olwo okukkiriza omwana mu famire, okubagatta abalongo kw'abo abali mu famire n'eli abazadde ba balongo. Mu buwangwa, amaliba g'ensolo (Eshangobi) gategekebwa ba Nnalongo ne Ssalongo okutuulako nga basitudde abalongo. Aba famire n'ab'oluganda bayimba enyimba ez'obuwangwa musanvu (07) era oyo yenna eyasalawo okuyimba yalina okuyimba enyimba zonna muzanvu okutuusa lw'eziggwayo. Olunaku oluddako abazadde b'abalongo baddayo ewaka n'embuzi okujaguza nate.

Wabeera nga yo omukolo omulala ogw'okutuuma abalongo amannya era omusajja ye yateekangamu ensimbi mu mikolo gyonna. Abalongo bwe bakaabanga ennyo oba okugaana okuyonka, olwo Ssalongo (Isebahasa) asuubirwa okuba nga yayenda era yali alina okwenyonyolako eri Nnalongo (Nyabahasa) ddi era waa. Oluvanyuma lw'okwetonda kwa Ssalongo eri Nnalongo, yasabanga abalongo okusonyiwa kitaabwe era balekeraawo okukaaba.


Nnalongo yalina okwebaka ne kizibwe wa bbawe kasita y'alangilira nti mwetegefu okuddayo ku bulili bwa bbawe ku mukolo ogumanyikiddwa nga Olhuhasa. Omukolo gwa Olhuhasa gwalina okulangilirwa ssalongo (Isebahasa) wa Nnalongo n'emikwano gye egimwetolodde okuva mu kaseera lwatandiika okuwona ne lw'awona okutuusa akasiisira ka Olhuhasa lwe kazimbibwa mu luggya lwa Ssalongo. Kyakilizibwanga nti abalongo bafa singa omukolo gwa Olhuhasa tegukoleddwa. Kizibwe w'omusajja omukulu yalondebwa naye singa alemererwa okukola emikolo gy'abafumbo ne nnakawere kizibwe omulala asobola okulonda.

Nga tebannafumba mmere eweebwa ba famire y'omusajja ku mikolo gy'abalongo, emmere y'abalongo yesooka okufumbibwa era bwekitakolebwa, emmere y'omukolo eyinza obujja ne bwebajifumba batya.Ne mu biseera by'okusiga, famire ezaalimu abalongo basookanga kusinga mmere en'afumbibwa eya balongo ebimera bisobole okubala.

Abazadde balina okugula ebintu ebifaanagana ng'abalongo bwe bakula. Bwe kitakolebwa, omulongo omu yalwalanga oba n'okubuuka (Akawulhuka).

Emikolo gyonna egy'abalongo gy'alina okutuukirizibwanga okutangira obuzibu obuyinza okutuuka ku baana mu dda. Mu mulembe ogukulakulanye, abazadde b'abalongo abasinga batwala abaana baabwe mu masinzizo okusabira abaana baabwe.

Omukyala bw'atazaala[kyusa | edit source]

Omukyala bwa tazaala, olwo yabeera afuuse omuntu atasaana mu kyalo era ye yanenyezebwanga olw'obutazalira musajja. Era kigambibwa nti omukyala yabeeranga alina eby'ensonyi byeyakola nga bye bimulondoola.

Emikolo gy'okuziika[kyusa | edit source]

Omukazi bw'afa[kyusa | edit source]

Yalina kuziikibwa eyo gyeyafumbirwa kubanga famire eyo yasasula Omukagha oguwasa omukazi era kitaawe oba omuntu yenna omukulu eyamukwasa omusajja yamuwanikanga ku mulabba. Ebirabo ebiwasa omukazi bwe biba tebinnatwalibwa omulambo gwe gwaddizibwayo owaabwe okuziikibwa. Wabula bw'afa ng'azadde abaama mu famire y'omusajja naye nga Omukagha tegunnatwalibwa oba nga famire y'omusajja yalemelerwa okusasula Omukagha olwo omusajja n'alyokka akkirizibwa okuziika mukyala ku biggya by'abajajjaabe.

Enkeera, olukiiko lutuuzibwa ku ani ananaaza omubiri gw'omugenzi n'okugwambaza, okuteeka mu sanduuke, n'okugiggala ng'omulambo gutereddwamu, Bweyabaga omuto, omubiri gwe gw'akwatibwanga Nyakolhome at bwe yabanga omukulu, omubiri gwe gwakwatibwanga Omuhwa wiwe n'oluvanyuma n'aziikibwa.

Olunaku oluddako, olukiiko ltuuzibwa wakati wa famire y'omugenzi ( nga mukaseera kano, ye famire y'omusajja gyeyafumbirwa) ne Famire y'omuwala n'abengaanda okuva ku njuyi zombi. Okusaba famire y'omukyala okufunira mutabani waabwe omukyala omulala okulera abaana omugenzi balese. Omugenzi teyali omu kubanafuna eby'obusika.[30] Naye okusinzira ku kawayiiro akali mu Ssemateeka wa Uganda eya 2022, omukazi alina olukusa okukola ebintu bye era n'okulonda oyo anabiganyurwamu ng'omusika.[31]

Omusajja bw'afa[kyusa | edit source]

Omusajja bwe yafanga, Nnamwandu (Omukwakali) yesiba ekiwero ku mutwe (Mbutha) era bagyamu engato ne batambuza bigere okulaga ennaku, okunyolwa, n'ekitiibwa eri omugenzi. Nnamwandu teyakkirizibwanga kunaaba okumala ennaku musanvu (07) ne bamulekwa (Eshangubi) nabo tebakkirizibwa kunaaba okumala ennaku ssatu (03). Ekigeererwa mu butanaaba n'okutambuza ebigere omugenzi (Olhuholo) ayinza okubatya olw'obukyafu. Oluvannyuma lw'ennaku ssatu, Bamulekwa batwalibwa ku mugga mu budde bw'okumakya era nga bwe badda ewaka batuula ku mukeeka nga kuno kwebabasalirako enviiri nga bakozesa eggirita butalekaako nviri yadda. Okulaga akakwate eri omugenzi.

Nnamwandu yasabibwa okwambula akawelo ke ak'omunda n'akasiba ku kitooke n'alamiriza nti omugenzi abadde omwami bwa yandyagadde okumusisinkana, aba agya kumusisinkana ku kitoooke ekyo kw'aganzise akawale ke. Wabula eby'obuwangwa ebyo tebikyagobererwa mu Bakonzo. Kyakirizibwanga nti omugenzi bwe yalabikiranga mukyalawe, kabeera nga kabonero ka kisiraani.

Enkeera, olukiiko lutuuzibwa ku ani ananaaza omubiri gw'omugenzi n'okugwambaza, okuteeka mu sanduuke, n'okugiggala ng'omulambo gutereddwamu, Bweyabaga omuto, omubiri gwe gw'akwatibwanga Nyakolhome at bwe yabanga omukulu, omubiri gwe gwakwatibwanga Omuhwa wiwe n'oluvanyuma n'aziikibwa.

Olukiiko lw'ekika lw'atuuzibwanga okukola ku nsonga z'okugabanya eby'obugagga by'omugenzi, Omusika, omukuza wa famire ( abeera muganda w'omugenzi) naye yakkirizibwa okweyongerayo n'okuzaala abaana. Wabula ku mulembe guno, ba nnamwandu bakkirizibwa okugenda okufumbirwa omusajja omulala oba okusigala okukuza abaana b'omugenzi mu famire ya bba.

Emikolo egy'okwambulula ekika[kyusa | edit source]

Guno omukolo gukolebwa oluvanyuma lw'emyaka 3 ku 5 era nga gwakulemberwamu omukulu w'ekika. Omukulu w'ekika eyalina okubeera n'eddiga bbir, embuzi bbiri nga ziteegekeddwa okukozesebwa ku mukolo, abantu b'ekika abalala abaayitibwa okwegatta mu kusinza era n'abo basabibwa okusitula ebinasaddakibwa okusinziira ku busobozi. Ebisolo ebisaddakibwa mulimu embuzi, endiga, n'enkoko.

Ku lunaku olukkiriziganyizidwako, abantu b'ekika bakugaananga ne bennenya eby'onoono by'abwe nga bwe basadaaka n'ebisolo. Omusaayi okuva mu bisolo ebisaliddwa gwakungaanyizibwanga ne gugattibwa mu musaayi gw'ekimu oba ebisolo bibiri ebitegekeddwa omukulu w'ekika. Abantu b'ekika bonna balina okulinya mu musaayi ogutabikiddwa okwambulurwa n'okuzza obumukwano n'obumu mu kika.

Ekisolo eky'okubiri ekyali kitegekeddwa omukulu w'ekika tekyasalibwanga naye kya'atwalibwanga mu nsozi okufa ku kyokka oba okuttibwa ensolo endala enkambwe. Kyalina okutwala eby'onoono okubigya n'ebisiraani mu kika.

Emikolo gino gy'akomekerezebwanga n'okulya emmere n'okwera oluggya awabadde emikolo n'enguudo z'onna n'abukubo obuyingira ekyalo. Okwera kaali kabonero akalaga nti ekibi, n'ebisiraani ku kyalo byeleddwa okuva mu kyalo.

Ba katonda b'Abakonzo n'ezikiriza zaabwe[kyusa | edit source]

Abakonzo balina ba katonda bangi n'emyoyo gye bakiririzaamu. Baabasabanga mu masabo era babawanga saddaaka.[32] Ba katonda bano mulimu;

  • Nyamuhunga ye mutonzi era kabaka w'eggulu n'ensi.[33][34][35]
  • Nzururu yatondebwa Nyamuhunga era akiirizibwa okubeera taata wa Kithasamba ne Nyabibuya.[35]
  • Kalisa kino kisodde eky'oluuyi olumu (eriiso limu, okutu kumu, omukono gumu ennyindo y'akitundu) nga yalina amaanyi agawonya, okuyigibwa, okutta, n'okugaba oluzaalo oba okuleetawo obugumba.
  • Nyabarika ye katonda w'obulamu n'okufa.[5]
  • Kithasamba (nga liwandiikibwa nga Kitasamba) nga katonda w'abantu Abakonzo n'embeera y'obutonde era abeera mu lusozi lwa Rwenzori. Omuzira ogululiko kikkirizibwa nti mazzi g'ekisajja aga Kithasamba[33][5][34][35][36]
  • Nyabibuya ye katonda w'enzaalo.[35][36]
  • Kalisya ye katonda w'okuyigga n'ensolo z'omunsiko.[32][36]
  • Ndyoka ye katonda w'amazzi (ennyanja, emigga, ensulo ez'amazzi ag'abuguma).[32]
  • Musangania ye katonda w'okutabagana n'emirembe.[36]

Ennyimba z'abakonzo n'ebika by'amazina[kyusa | edit source]

Amazina g'ekinnansi ag'Abakonzo

Abagambibwa okubeera Abasinga (ba Kabaka) ba Bakonzo[kyusa | edit source]

  1. 1963–1966: Isaya Mukirania (Kibanzanga I)
  2. 2009–okutuusa kati: Charles Mumbere (Irema-Ngoma I)

Laba na bino[kyusa | edit source]

  1. Rwenzururu
  2. Obwakabaka bwa Buganda
  3. Abaganda

Ebijuliziddwamu[kyusa | edit source]

  1. ↑ 1.00 1.01 1.02 1.03 1.04 1.05 1.06 1.07 1.08 1.09 1.10 1.11 1.12 1.13 1.14 1.15 1.16 1.17 1.18 1.19 1.20 1.21 1.22 1.23 1.24 1.25 1.26 1.27 1.28 https://www.monitor.co.ug/uganda/special-reports/what-a-name-tells-you-about-a-mukonzo-1735492
  2. ↑ https://www.booksie.com/617963-my-rwenzururu-my-identity-chapter-1
  3. ↑ https://www.newvision.co.ug/articledetails/1259283
  4. ↑ http://www.ethnologue.com/show_language.asp?code=koo
  5. ↑ 5.0 5.1 5.2 5.3 https://www.rwenzorinationalpark.com/park-information/people/bakonjo/
  6. ↑ 6.0 6.1 "Archive copy". Archived from the original on 2022-10-28. Retrieved 2024-04-10.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link)
  7. ↑ 7.0 7.1 https://www.monitor.co.ug/uganda/news/national/basongora-bakonzo-wrangle-a-looming-tribal-bloodbath--1520132
  8. ↑ 8.0 8.1 https://encyclopedia.adventist.org/article?id=EE20
  9. ↑ https://www.monitor.co.ug/uganda/magazines/people-power/bakonzo-cry-foul-as-army-s-rwenzori-operation-bites-1647794
  10. ↑ https://www.monitor.co.ug/uganda/magazines/people-power/bakonzo-cry-foul-as-army-s-rwenzori-operation-bites-1647794
  11. ↑ https://www.ubos.org/wp-content/uploads/publications/03_20182002_CensusPopnCompostionAnalyticalReport_(1).pdf
  12. ↑ https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/G%C3%A9rard_Prunier
  13. ↑ http://allafrica.com/stories/200804010029.html
  14. ↑ Khisa, Moses; Rwengabo, Sabastian (2022-08-26).
  15. ↑ 15.0 15.1 https://www.monitor.co.ug/uganda/news/national/bakonzo-mass-circumcision-ceremony-called-off-1786360
  16. ↑ Peoples and Cultures of Uganda.
  17. ↑ 17.00 17.01 17.02 17.03 17.04 17.05 17.06 17.07 17.08 17.09 17.10 17.11 17.12 17.13 17.14 17.15 17.16 17.17 17.18 17.19 17.20 17.21 17.22 17.23 MUHINDO, SAMUEL.
  18. ↑ 18.00 18.01 18.02 18.03 18.04 18.05 18.06 18.07 18.08 18.09 18.10 18.11 18.12 18.13 18.14 18.15 18.16 18.17 18.18 18.19 18.20 18.21 18.22 18.23 https://www.newvision.co.ug/articledetails/1180384
  19. ↑ https://communityreporter.net/story/totems-are-culturally-our-brothers-and-sisters-bush
  20. ↑ 20.0 20.1 https://www.newvision.co.ug/articledetails/1135633
  21. ↑ 21.0 21.1 Nassaka, Flavia (2016-05-27).
  22. ↑ 22.0 22.1 https://www.govisitkenya.com/bakonzo-people.html
  23. ↑ 23.0 23.1 23.2 23.3 23.4 23.5 23.6 23.7 23.8 https://www.monitor.co.ug/uganda/special-reports/once-heralded-but-now-forgotten-among-the-bakonzo-1719376
  24. ↑ https://www.monitor.co.ug/uganda/special-reports/what-a-name-tells-you-about-a-mukonzo-1735492
  25. ↑ Jonathan, Williamson (2007-09-24).
  26. ↑ https://www.newvision.co.ug/articledetails/1218729
  27. ↑ 27.0 27.1 Nabiruma, Diana.
  28. ↑ https://www.monitor.co.ug/uganda/magazines/life/we-had-our-traditional-and-mosque-function-at-once-1714634
  29. ↑ https://www.govisitkenya.com/bakonzo-people.html
  30. ↑ https://www.unicef.org/uganda/stories/para-social-workers-navigate-cultural-minefield-wife-inheritance
  31. ↑ https://www.parliament.go.ug/cmis/browser?id=c94925fd-8d6f-46ec-a253-f23997c51352%3B1.0
  32. ↑ 32.0 32.1 32.2 https://www.vice.com/en/article/v7e4zy/these-people-are-losing-their-gods-to-climate-change
  33. ↑ 33.0 33.1 https://www.globalsecurity.org/military/world/para/rwenzururu-history.htm
  34. ↑ 34.0 34.1 Taylor, Emma (2021-01-26).
  35. ↑ 35.0 35.1 35.2 35.3 "Archive copy". Archived from the original on 2023-03-31. Retrieved 2024-04-10.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link)
  36. ↑ 36.0 36.1 36.2 36.3 Matte, Daniel M. (2021-03-08).
  37. ↑ 37.0 37.1 37.2 (350–366). {{cite journal}}: Cite journal requires |journal= (help); Missing or empty |title= (help)

Ebyajuliziddwamu[kyusa | edit source]

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Ebijuliziddwamu eby'ebweru wa Wikipediya[kyusa | edit source]

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